Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials Composite Device: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Investigation

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 835-838
Author(s):  
Aliassghar Tofighi ◽  
M. Sutaria
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Powder Processing ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Allograft Bone ◽  
Nano Structure

Low crystalline apatite (LCA) and calcium phosphate cements (CPC) based on amorphous calcium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (1 to 1 ratio) were combined with bioresorbable PLGA copolymer (0 to 20 wt.%) for preparation of solid-formed devices. A pilot manufacturing based on powder processing techniques using isostatic pressure (44,000 psig) was conducted. Processing parameters such as isostatic pressure, temperature, times and device dimension were varied to achieve appropriate mechanical properties comparable to that of allograft bone dowel used as a gold standard in clinical application. The solid-form devices were characterized for physico-chemical and mechanical performance, as well as subjected to an in-vitro wet environment incubation at body temperature (37°C). Fluid diffusion was investigated to evaluate the fluid absorption (through microporosity) and the compressive strength of wet devices vs. incubation time (up to 30 days) was also studied. The shear strength and compressive strength of pure LCA dowels was respectively 26 and 122 MPa, which corresponds to a process densification of about 30%. The compressive strength was dramatically improved with addition of various amounts of copolymer. The maximum compressive strength of 180 MPa was obtained for dowels containing 10 wt.% copolymer. Calcium phosphate composite also increased the shear strength to about 42 MPa. These mechanical performances were significantly higher than that of allograft bone dowel (MD-II™), reported about 10 MPa. A pilot sheep interbody fusion of lumbar spine (L3/L4 and L4/L5) demonstrates mechanical integrity and intervertebral fusion at 6 months. LCA was found to be the most suitable CaP material because of its biocompatibility, chemical composition, nano-structure and high specific surface area that exhibits in-vivo biointegrity and cell mediated process.

A Comprehensive Study of Osteogenic Calcium Phosphate Silicate Cement: Material Characterization and In Vitro/In Vivo Testing

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianxing Gong ◽  
Zhiqin Wang ◽  
Yixi Zhang ◽  
Yubiao Zhang ◽  
Mingxiao Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Material Characterization ◽  
Cement Material ◽  
Phosphate Silicate ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Calcium Phosphate Coating on Blast-Treated Titanium Implants by RF Magnetron Sputtering

2009 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyosuke Ueda ◽  
Takayuki Narushima ◽  
Takashi Goto ◽  
T. Katsube ◽  
Hironobu Nakagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Coating ◽  
Phosphate Coating ◽  
Coating Films

Calcium phosphate coating films were fabricated on Ti-6Al-4V plates and screw-type implants with a blast-treated surface using radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering and were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and oxyapatite (OAp) films obtained in this study could cover the blast-treated substrate very efficiently, maintaining the surface roughness. For the in vitro evaluations of the calcium phosphate coating films, bonding strength and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were examined. The bonding strength of the coating films to a blast-treated substrate exceeded 60 MPa, independent of film phases except for the film after post-heat-treatment in silica ampoule. When compared with an uncoated substrate, the increase in the ALP activity of osteoblastic SaOS-2 cells on a calcium phosphate coated substrate was confirmed by a cell culture test. The removal torque of screw-type Ti-6Al-4V implants with a blast-treated surface from the femur of Japanese white rabbit increased with the duration of implantation and it was statistically improved by coating an ACP film 2 weeks after implantation. The in vitro and in vivo studies suggested that the application of the sputtered ACP film as a coating on titanium implants was effective in improving their biocompatibility with bones.

Development of Novel Bioactive PMMA-Based Bone Cement and its In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 801-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Cho ◽  
Akari Takeuchi ◽  
Ill Yong Kim ◽  
Sang Bae Kim ◽  
Chikara Ohtsuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
The Novel ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Natural Bone ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Rabbit Tibia

In order to overcome the disadvantage of commercialized PMMA bone cement, we have developed novel PMMA-based bone cement(7P3S) reinforced by 30 wt.% of bioactive CaO-SiO2 gel powders to induce the bioactivity as well as to increase mechanical property for the PMMA bone cement. The novel 7P3S bone cement hardened after mixing for about 7 minutes. For in vitro evaluation, apatite forming ability of it was investigated using SBF. When the novel 7P3S bone cement was soaked into SBF, it formed apatite on its surfaces within 1 week Furthermore; there is no decrease in its compressive strength within 9 weeks soaking in SBF. It is though that hardly decrease in compressive strength of 7P3S bone cement in SBF is due to the relative small amount of gel powder or its spherical shape and monosize. In vivo evaluation of the novel 7P3S bone cement was carried out using rabbit. After implantion into rabbit tibia for several periods, the interface between novel bone cement and natural bone was evaluated by CT images. According to the results, the novel bone cement directly contact to the natural bone without fibrous tissue after implantation for 4 weeks. This results indicates that the newly developed 7P3S bone cement can bond to the living bone and also be effectively used as bioactive bone cement without decrease in mechanical property.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility and Bone Formation of Flexible, Cotton Wool-like PLGA/Calcium Phosphate Nanocomposites in Sheep

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver D Schneider ◽  
Dirk Mohn ◽  
Roland Fuhrer ◽  
Karina Klein ◽  
Käthi Kämpf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Drill Hole ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Cotton Wool

Background: The purpose of this preliminary study was to assess the in vivo performance of synthetic, cotton wool-like nanocomposites consisting of a biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) fibrous matrix and containing either calcium phosphate nanoparticles (PLGA/CaP 60:40) or silver doped CaP nanoparticles (PLGA/Ag-CaP 60:40). Besides its extraordinary in vitro bioactivity the latter biomaterial (0.4 wt% total silver concentration) provides additional antimicrobial properties for treating bone defects exposed to microorganisms. Materials and Methods: Both flexible artificial bone substitutes were implanted into totally 16 epiphyseal and metaphyseal drill hole defects of long bone in sheep and followed for 8 weeks. Histological and histomorphological analyses were conducted to evaluate the biocompatibility and bone formation applying a score system. The influence of silver on the in vivo performance was further investigated. Results: Semi-quantitative evaluation of histology sections showed for both implant materials an excellent biocompatibility and bone healing with no resorption in the adjacent bone. No signs of inflammation were detectable, either macroscopically or microscopically, as was evident in 5 µm plastic sections by the minimal amount of inflammatory cells. The fibrous biomaterials enabled bone formation directly in the centre of the former defect. The area fraction of new bone formation as determined histomorphometrically after 8 weeks implantation was very similar with 20.5 ± 11.2 % and 22.5 ± 9.2 % for PLGA/CaP and PLGA/Ag-CaP, respectively. Conclusions: The cotton wool-like bone substitute material is easily applicable, biocompatible and might be beneficial in minimal invasive surgery for treating bone defects.

scholarly journals A Review on the Enhancement of Calcium Phosphate Cement with Biological Materials in Bone Defect Healing

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3075
Author(s):  
Sok Kuan Wong ◽  
Yew Hoong Wong ◽  
Kok-Yong Chin ◽  
Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Bone Defect Healing ◽  
Living Organisms

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is a promising material used in the treatment of bone defects due to its profitable features of self-setting capability, osteoconductivity, injectability, mouldability, and biocompatibility. However, the major limitations of CPC, such as the brittleness, lack of osteogenic property, and poor washout resistance, remain to be resolved. Thus, significant research effort has been committed to modify and reinforce CPC. The mixture of CPC with various biological materials, defined as the materials produced by living organisms, have been fabricated by researchers and their characteristics have been investigated in vitro and in vivo. This present review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview enabling the readers to compare the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of CPC upon the incorporation of different biological materials. By mixing the bone-related transcription factors, proteins, and/or polysaccharides with CPC, researchers have demonstrated that these combinations not only resolved the lack of mechanical strength and osteogenic effects of CPC but also further improve its own functional properties. However, exceptions were seen in CPC incorporated with certain proteins (such as elastin-like polypeptide and calcitonin gene-related peptide) as well as blood components. In conclusion, the addition of biological materials potentially improves CPC features, which vary depending on the types of materials embedded into it. The significant enhancement of CPC seen in vitro and in vivo requires further verification in human trials for its clinical application.

scholarly journals Porous Calcium Phosphate Ceramic Scaffolds with Tailored Pore Orientations and Mechanical Properties Using Lithography-Based Ceramic 3D Printing Technique

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Bin Lee ◽  
Woo-Youl Maeng ◽  
Young-Hag Koh ◽  
Hyoun-Ee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Periodic Pattern ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Printing Technique ◽  
Sbf Solution

This study demonstrates the usefulness of the lithography-based ceramic 3-dimensional printing technique with a specifically designed top-down process for the production of porous calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramic scaffolds with tailored pore orientations and mechanical properties. The processing parameters including the preparation of a photocurable CaP slurry with a high solid loading (φ = 45 vol%), the exposure time for photocuring process, and the initial designs of the porous scaffolds were carefully controlled. Three types of porous CaP scaffolds with different pore orientations (i.e., 0°/90°, 0°/45°/90°/135°, and 0°/30°/60°/90°/120°/150°) were produced. All the scaffolds exhibited a tightly controlled porous structure with straight CaP frameworks arranged in a periodic pattern while the porosity was kept constant. The porous CaP scaffold with a pore orientation of 0°/90° demonstrated the highest compressive strength and modulus due to a number of CaP frameworks parallel to the loading direction. On the other hand, scaffolds with multiple pore orientations may exhibit more isotropic mechanical properties regardless of the loading directions. The porous CaP scaffolds exhibited an excellent in vitro apatite-forming ability in a stimulated body fluid (SBF) solution. These findings suggest that porous CaP scaffolds with tailored pore orientations may provide tunable mechanical properties with good bone regeneration ability.

Incorporation of Methotrexate in Calcium Phosphate Cement: Behavior and Release in Vitro and in Vivo

Orthopedics ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiping Yang ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Jian Han ◽  
Jianmin Li ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Release In Vitro

Effect of dichloroacetate on mechanical performance and metabolism of compromised diaphragm muscle

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. deBoisblanc ◽  
K. Meszaros ◽  
A. Burns ◽  
G. J. Bagby ◽  
S. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Tetanic Stimulation ◽  
Lactate Oxidation ◽  
Diaphragmatic Fatigue ◽  
Tension Generation

We investigated the effect of dichloroacetate (DCA) on tension generation and carbohydrate metabolism of the rat diaphragm in vitro. Isolated diaphragms were placed in individual organ chambers and were hooked to force-displacement transducers. Net lactate production and glucose and lactate oxidation were measured in vitro. Diaphragmatic fatigue was precipitated by in vivo endotoxemic shock, by in vitro hypoxia, or by in vitro repetitive tetanic stimulation. In diaphragms isolated from endotoxemic rats, DCA increased tension generation by 30 and 20% at stimulation frequencies of 20 and 100 Hz, respectively. Associated with changes in mechanical performance, DCA reduced net lactate production by 53% after 60 min of incubation and increased glucose oxidation 54% but had no effect on lactate oxidation. During in vitro hypoxia, DCA reduced net diaphragmatic lactate production by 30% and increased glucose oxidation by 45% but did not attenuate hypoxic fatigue. DCA had no effect on tension generation during repetitive tetanic stimulation. We conclude that DCA improves in vitro diaphragmatic fatigue due to endotoxicosis but not due to hypoxia or repetitive stimulation.

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