Shape Optimization of a Knuckle using the Design of Experiments

2007 ◽  
Vol 345-346 ◽  
pp. 905-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Chul Park ◽  
Jung Ho Kang ◽  
Dong Hwa Lee ◽  
Seung Hwan Oh ◽  
Won Deg Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Characteristic Function ◽  
Design Of Experiments ◽  
Structural Optimization ◽  
Shape Optimization ◽  
Orthogonal Array ◽  
The Other ◽  
Discrete Variables ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Constraint Feasibility

DOE (design of experiments) was applied to the design of a knuckle as a part of a suspension system. Specifically, knuckle made of aluminum alloy was optimized considering the strength. On the other hand, design variables were set as shape variables. During structural optimization using DOE, an orthogonal array strategy was developed to determine the optimum design. The relevant discrete variables were treated as levels. Since the conventional orthogonal array did not consider the constraint, however, the characteristic function was defined to include the effect of constraint feasibility. The general DOE was expanded to include problems with constraints related to the new characteristic function.

Optimum Design of Vibration Absorbers Using Genetic Algorithm

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Yu Chen ◽  
Jun-Jei Lan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Frequency Response ◽  
Optimum Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vibration Absorbers ◽  
Discrete Variables ◽  
Discrete Variable ◽  
Frequency Responses ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Variable Problem

Abstract The genetic algorithm (GA) is used to design vibration absorbers. The problem is formulated as mixed continuous and discrete variable problem. The continuous design variables include the mass, the spring constant and the damping coefficient of the vibration absorbers. The discrete variables are the installing locations of the absorbers. GA fits in this problem very well. Two examples are given. The near optimum solutions show that when the number of constrained frequency responses is less than or equal to the number of vibration absorbers, the optimum locations of the absorbers are exactly the nodes where the frequency response constraints are imposed. On the other hand, if the number of constrained frequency responses is greater than the number of absorbers, the optimum locations for the absorbers tend to be at the nodes that keep near equal distances to those constrained nodes.

Shape Optimization of Hydraulic Structures: an Example of an Optimum Design of a Fish Passage

10.29007/2k64 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Prodanovic ◽  
Cedric Goeury ◽  
Fabrice Zaoui ◽  
Riadh Ata ◽  
Jacques Fontaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Shape Optimization ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Optimum Design ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Design Variables

This paper presents a practical methodology developed for shape optimization studies of hydraulic structures using environmental numerical modelling codes. The methodology starts by defining the optimization problem and identifying relevant problem constraints. Design variables in shape optimization studies are configuration of structures (such as length or spacing of groins, orientation and layout of breakwaters, etc.) whose optimal orientation is not known a priori. The optimization problem is solved numerically by coupling an optimization algorithm to a numerical model. The coupled system is able to define, test and evaluate a multitude of new shapes, which are internally generated and then simulated using a numerical model. The developed methodology is tested using an example of an optimum design of a fish passage, where the design variables are the length and the position of slots. In this paper an objective function is defined where a target is specified and the numerical optimizer is asked to retrieve the target solution. Such a definition of the objective function is used to validate the developed tool chain. This work uses the numerical model TELEMAC- 2Dfrom the TELEMAC-MASCARET suite of numerical solvers for the solution of shallow water equations, coupled with various numerical optimization algorithms available in the literature.

scholarly journals A Sequential Approach for Aerodynamic Shape Optimization with Topology Optimization of Airfoils

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Isaac Gibert Martínez ◽  
Frederico Afonso ◽  
Simão Rodrigues ◽  
Fernando Lau
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Shape Optimization ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Aerodynamic Shape Optimization ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Airfoil Surface ◽  
Aerodynamic Shape ◽  
Design Variables

The objective of this work is to study the coupling of two efficient optimization techniques, Aerodynamic Shape Optimization (ASO) and Topology Optimization (TO), in 2D airfoils. To achieve such goal two open-source codes, SU2 and Calculix, are employed for ASO and TO, respectively, using the Sequential Least SQuares Programming (SLSQP) and the Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (BESO) algorithms; the latter is well-known for allowing the addition of material in the TO which constitutes, as far as our knowledge, a novelty for this kind of application. These codes are linked by means of a script capable of reading the geometry and pressure distribution obtained from the ASO and defining the boundary conditions to be applied in the TO. The Free-Form Deformation technique is chosen for the definition of the design variables to be used in the ASO, while the densities of the inner elements are defined as design variables of the TO. As a test case, a widely used benchmark transonic airfoil, the RAE2822, is chosen here with an internal geometric constraint to simulate the wing-box of a transonic wing. First, the two optimization procedures are tested separately to gain insight and then are run in a sequential way for two test cases with available experimental data: (i) Mach 0.729 at α=2.31°; and (ii) Mach 0.730 at α=2.79°. In the ASO problem, the lift is fixed and the drag is minimized; while in the TO problem, compliance minimization is set as the objective for a prescribed volume fraction. Improvements in both aerodynamic and structural performance are found, as expected: the ASO reduced the total pressure on the airfoil surface in order to minimize drag, which resulted in lower stress values experienced by the structure.

Relationship of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Er-Containing Aluminum Alloy

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 1109-1114
Author(s):  
Xin Lei ◽  
Hui Huang ◽  
S.P. Wen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Mg Alloys ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Comprehensive Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Al Mg Alloys

This study investigated the mechanical properties and microstructures of Er-containing Al–Mg alloys. The research found that the H114-T sheet of Er-containing Al–Mg alloys showed a relative good comprehensive performance in mechanical properties. With the special rolling and heat treatment process, this H114-T sheet showed different morphology of microstructures with the other sheets in Er-containing Al–Mg alloys. Grains in H114-T sheet performed irregular shape polygon, a number of subgrains appeared in grains, the amount of dislocations in grains decreased. H114-T sheet possessed a lot of Copper texture, this may be one of important factors influenced the mechanical properties.

Structural Optimization of Composite Panel with Lamination Parameters and Equivalent Stiffness Laminate Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 496-500 ◽  
pp. 429-435
Author(s):  
Xiao Ping Zhong ◽  
Peng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Structural Optimization ◽  
Composite Structure ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Composite Panel ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Equivalent Stiffness ◽  
Lamination Parameters ◽  
Design Variables

Firstly, a two-level optimization procedure for composite structure is investigated with lamination parameters as design variables and MSC.Nastran as analysis tool. The details using lamination parameters as MSC.Nastran input parameters are presented. Secondly, with a proper equivalent stiffness laminate built to substitute for the lamination parameters, a two-level optimization method based on the equivalent stiffness laminate is proposed. Compared with the lamination parameters-based method, the layer thicknesses of the equivalent stiffness laminate are adopted as continuous design variables at the first level. The corresponding lamination parameters are calculated from the optimal layer thicknesses. At the second level, genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to identify an optimal laminate configuration to target the lamination parameters obtained. The numerical example shows that the proposed method without considering constraints of lamination parameters can obtain better optimal results.

Structural Shape Optimization Wth Error Control

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Duysinx ◽  
WeiHong Zhang ◽  
HaiGuang Zhong ◽  
Pierre Beckers ◽  
Claude Fleury
Keyword(s):  
Shape Optimization ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Adaptive Mesh Refinement ◽  
Error Control ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Adaptive Mesh ◽  
Structural Shape ◽  
Structural Shape Optimization ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Recent Developments

Abstract A robust and automatic shape optimization procedure is presented in this paper, which incorporates recent developments in the field of computer-aided design (CAD) of mechanical structures, such as geometric modelling, automatic selection of independent design variables, sensitivity analysis using reliable mesh perturbation schemes, error estimation and adaptive mesh refinement. A numerical example is given to show the efficiency of the procedure.

Newly Developed Heat Resistant Magnesium Alloy by Thixomolding®

2005 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadayoshi Tsukeda ◽  
Ken Saito ◽  
Mayumi Suzuki ◽  
Junichi Koike ◽  
Kouichi Maruyama
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Better Than

We compared the newly developed heat resistant magnesium alloy with conventional ones by Thixomolding® and aluminum alloy by die casting. Tensile properties at elevated temperatures of AXEJ6310 were equal to those of ADC12. In particular, elongation tendency of AXEJ6310 at higher temperature was better than those of the other alloys. Creep resistance of AXEJ6310 was larger than that of AE42 by almost 3 orders and smaller than that of ADC12 by almost 2 orders of magnitude. Fatigue limits at room temperature and 423K of AXEJ6310 was superior among conventional magnesium alloys.

EBSD Analysis of Friction Stir Welded 7136-T76 Aluminum Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 203-204 ◽  
pp. 258-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Kalemba ◽  
Krzysztof Muszka ◽  
Mirosław Wróbel ◽  
Stanislaw Dymek ◽  
Carter Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Crystallographic Texture ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ebsd Analysis ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Friction Stir

This research addresses the EBSD analysis of friction stir welded 7136-T76 aluminum alloy. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the grain size and their shape, character of grain boundaries in the stirred and thermo-mechanically affected zones, both on the advancing and retreating side as well as to investigate changes in the crystallographic texture. Results of texture analysis indicate the complexity of the FSW process. The texture gradually weakens on moving from the thermo-mechanically affected zone toward the weld center. The stirred zone is characterized by very weak texture and is dominated by high angle boundaries. On the other hand, the thermo-mechanically affected zone exhibits a high frequency of low angle boundaries.

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