Effect of Wolastonite Mineral (CaO SiO2) Content in Continuous Casting Powder to SEN Erosion

2007 ◽  
Vol 352 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Snezana Dević ◽  
R. Carli
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Refractory Material ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Slag Zone ◽  
Research Experiment

The basic idea of the work was to analyze the effect of the wollastonite mineral CaO SiO2 content in the continuous casting powder related to the SEN erosion. In order to realize the research, experiments were conducted in the laboratory conditions. The research, experiment, was realized in the Magnohrom Kraljevo laboratory, and cryptonym furnace EV16 was used for refractory material behavior. Cut SEN pieces from the slag zone in the reduction atmosphere were treated in the furnace with three types of casting powder of different mixtures ratio of SRD1 (without wollastonite) and SRD2 (with wollastonite): Casting powder 1 - SRD1/SRD2 = 50/50 %, Casting powder 2 - SRD1/SRD2 = 25/75 % and Casting powder 3 - SRD1/SRD2 = 75/25 %. Temperature of the experiment was in the range of 15200C – 15400C, and treatment time was changed simulating the average casting time of the heat; one heat (45 min), two heats (90 min), and three heats (135 min). The experiment pointed out that the erosion of the SEN was reduced with the increased ratio of wollastonite in the casting powder. The erosion rate of the SEN exposed to the casting powder 2 in the laboratory conditions was 0.0055 mm/min, whilst the erosion rate of the SEN exposed to the casting powder 3 (with the least wollastonite content) was 0.0075 mm/min. Erosion rate of SEN exposed to the casting powder 2 was lower for the 26.27 % related to the casting powder 3, and 17.90% lower than the erosion rate of the casting powder 1 (the erosion rate of the casting powder 1 was 0.0067 mm/min). These laboratory experiments are very consistent with results obtained in the plant conditions [1,2,3]. At that time, results indicated that SRD1 casting powder without wollastonite has the erosion rate 46 % higher than SRD2 casting powder with wollastonite. On the basis of the laboratory researches and earlier plant conditions researches it could be concluded that wollastonite mineral content in the casting powders has significant effect on the SEN erosion, in the way that the SEN erosion rate was decreased with the increased wollastonite content in the casting powders.

Potency of Three Botanical Oils Against the Aphis Craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae) Nymphs Under Laboratory Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
MA Hossain ◽  
MS Yasmin ◽  
MAA Bachchu ◽  
MA Alim
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Oil Repellent ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni

Botanicals are promising and attractive alternatives for pest management. In the present study, three botanical oils namely neem (Azadirachta indica), karanja (Pongamia pinnata) and mehogony (Swietenia mahagoni) were tested against the nymphs of Aphis craccivora Koch to evaluate the toxic and repellent effects under laboratory conditions (25 ± 5oC, 65-75% RH). Four concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%) along with control were maintained with distilled water and tween-20 was used as emulsifier. Leaf dipped method were used for insect bioassay. Insect mortality was recorded at 24, 48 and 72 hours after intervals while repellency was carried out at 2 hours after intervals upto 10th hours and the collected data were analyzed through MSTAT-C program. Results indicated that all the tested oils had toxic and repellent effects against the A. craccivora nymphs. Among the tested botanical oils, no significant difference was observed in terms of mortality over treatment time. But significant difference was noticed over level of concentrations exerted by the botanical oils. The average highest mortality (28.62%) was recorded by the application of mehogony oil whereas neem oil showed the lowest mortality (27.21%) against the A. craccivora and the mortality was directly proportional to the level of concentrations and hour after treatment (HAT). Probit analysis showed the lowest LD50 values of mehogony oil which revealed the highest toxic effect against the nymph of bean aphid. The highest repellent effect (77.33%) was found in mehogony oil (repellent class IV) among all the botanical oils applied. On the contrary, neem (57.33%) and karanja (55.00%) oils belonged to the same repellent class that is repellent class II. Although all the tested botanical oils evaluated showed toxic and repellent effects but mehogony oil performed as the best potent oil against the nymphs. We therefore suggested using the mehogony oil for the management of bean aphid. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 139-154 (2021)

scholarly journals Cogwheel loading as a moving test load for bridges – analysis and laboratory experiments

2020 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Jan Bayer ◽  
Shota Urushadze ◽  
Jong-Dar Yau ◽  
Yeong-Bin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Test Load ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Impulse Load

A moving impulse load generated by a heavy cogwheel can be used as a testing excitation for bridges. This novel type of dynamic load acts along the entire driving path, its intensity is adjustable, and it can be very efficient in the case of resonance. Verification tests were performed on a model under laboratory conditions and compared to numerical simulation. The results are extensively discussed.

Protein-feeding by the males of the Australian bushfly Musca vetustissima Wlk. in relation to mating performance

1971 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Tyndale-Biscoe
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Lucilia Cuprina ◽  
Behaviour Pattern ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Protein Feeding ◽  
Mating Performance

Male bushflies (Musca vetustissima Wlk.) are attracted to and feed on proteincontaining substances, although under laboratory conditions they ingested smaller quantities of blood and dung than did the females. Laboratory experiments showed that they are able to obtain water from fresh dung and blood, but no physiological requirement for the protein was found. Feeding on protein did not increase the life span or the total numbers of matings; it did not improve the mating success of males that had previously been multiple-mated; and it did not enhance sexual activity, contrary to the situation found in Lucilia cuprina (Wied.). It is concluded that protein feeding in male bushflies is casual, possibly a behaviour pattern that ensures their presence near females.

scholarly journals MODEL TESTING OF PILED CLUSTERS AND LARGE MONO-PILES OF IMPROVED DESIGN

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (49) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
M. P. Doubrovsky ◽  
I. Yu. Dobrov ◽  
A. V. Gerashchenko ◽  
O. M. Dubrovska
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Model Testing ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pile Head ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
Small Scale Model ◽  
Flexible Pile

When constructing piled clusters and structures supported by large mono-piles, piles designed are used to take up significant lateral and pressing-in loads. New effective and less resource-demanding design of piled cluster was considered before. At this paper some results of its model testing in laboratory conditions are analyzed and discussed. To increase energy-absorbing capacity of mooring/fender dolphins it was worked out and researched a new design of combined tubular mono-pile structure, incorporating internal flexible pile and damping element placed at the zone of pile head. This design has been tested by laboratory experiments using small scale model. Obtained results confirm its effectiveness and practicability.

scholarly journals Laboratory Methods with Imaginary and Simulated Contexts to Assess Noise Annoyance: A Comparison in Terms of Annoyance Model Testing

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 1078-1085
Author(s):  
Catherine Marquis-Favre
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Model Testing ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Noise Annoyance ◽  
Noise Sequences

Noise annoyance models using only mean energy-based indices provide weak prediction. Actually various factors influence noise annoyance. different studies from the literature are carried out in laboratory conditions to understand some factors with the long-term aim of enhancing noise annoyance models. Laboratory experiments of assessing noise annoyance are based on imaginary or simulated context. The method with imaginary context is often questioned as participants listen to noise sequences. The current study aims at comparing the two methods in terms of total annoyance model testing. It revealed that annoyance models, respectively built within imaginary and simulated contexts, provided similar prediction when they were tested using in-field annoyance responses. Thus, the laboratory method with imaginary context seems to be as suitable as the method with simulated context to assess annoyance in laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals Insights into ecological and reproductive aspects of two cryptogenic peracarid crustaceans of the Argentinian coast

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Fricke ◽  
Florencia Biancalana ◽  
Gina Tonicelli ◽  
Anabela A. Berasategui ◽  
Germán A. Kopprio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Interspecific Relationship ◽  
High Fecundity ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Construction Activity ◽  
Construction Strategies ◽  
Gender Specific

AbstractPeracarid crustaceans belong to the most important agglomerating macrofauna in sedimentary habitats. The amphipod Monocorophium insidiosumCRAWFORD, 1937 and the tanaid Tanais dulongii AUDOUIN, 1926 are listed as invasive species. In the present study, we investigated the ecology of M. insidiosum and T. aff. dulongii from the Argentinian coast. Both crustaceans were breeding under laboratory conditions to study their fecundity and growth. Additionally their behavior and potential interspecific relations have been investigated in four different laboratory experiments. We evaluated tube building capabilities (experiment 1), and tested gender specific responses of M. insdiosum to the presence of empty (experiments 2 and 3), and inhabited T. aff. dulongii tubes (experiment 4). Our results showed high fecundity (three generations within four weeks) and growth rates (duplication of body lengths in two weeks) for M. insidiosum. Two tube construction strategies were distinguished: a tube changing behavior for the amphipod M. insidiosum, showing greater construction activity for females, and tube keeping behavior for T. aff. dulongii. Overall, tanaid tubes were frequently claimed by M. insidiosum, demonstrating a close interspecific relationship and resulting in decreased sediment aggregating activity. In the light of our observations it may be affirmed that these invasive species are probably frequently distributed along the Patagonian Atlantic coast and will still spread in future.

Degradation of trifluralin in three Victorian soils under field and laboratory conditions

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
AV Jolley ◽  
PK Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Validity Of Results ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions

The effects of soil moisture and temperature on trifluralin degradation were investigated in 3 Australian soils under field and laboratory conditions. For the field trials, the amount of trifluralin persisting over 1 year into the next cropping season varied from 9 to 24%. From laboratory experiments, separate relationships were derived for the effects of temperature and moisture 1 on trifluralin degradation. Trifluralin degradation I increased with both increasing moisture and increasing temperature. The results indicate potential for unusually long persistence of trifluralin in years of low rainfall when the soil becomes very dry. It is therefore recommended that analysis for trifluralin residues or activity be undertaken if a sensitive crop such as oat, sorghum, or millet, or a sensitive pasture species such as phalaris or ryegrass, is sown after very dry climatic conditions following trifluralin application. The wheatbelt regions of Australia do not experience cold conditions for long enough periods for low temperatures to be a major factor contributing to trifluralin persistence. Degradation was compared for trifluralin applied as a formulation of the herbicide and as the active ingredient alone, to determine the validity of results obtained using the pure herbicide. In half of the 6 field and laboratory studies, there was a statistically significant difference between degradation of trifluralin as the active ingredient and as the formulation. This indicates a need to use the formulated compound in laboratory experiments if results are to reflect normal agricultural practices.

Interaction between Molten Steel, Alumina Lining Refractory and Slag Phase

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Jiling Wang ◽  
Lifeng Zhang ◽  
Shufeng Yang ◽  
Yongfeng Chen ◽  
Jingyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Molten Steel ◽  
Reaction Layer ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Slag Phase ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Slag Layer ◽  
Layer Steel ◽  
Over Time

AbstractLaboratory experiments exploring the interaction between molten steel, slag and lining refractory were performed. The transient erosion and reaction over time were investigated, and the transient change of the reaction layer and inclusions generated in the molten steel were evaluated using optical microscopy and SEM-EDS. Without slag addition before remelting, the FeO from reoxidation entered the space between the lining refractory and the steel and strengthened the erosion of the lining refractory. Several layers were found from the steel to the original lining refractory layer: steel phase, FeO layer, a FeO-rich lining layer and an Original Lining (OL)-rich lining layer. The thickness of the reaction layer increased nearly linearly with the reaction time at an erosion rate of 4.2 µm/min. With slag addition before remelting, the reaction layer between the steel and the original lining materials included several sub-layers: a gap, a slag layer, an FeO-rich lining layer and an Original Lining (OL)-rich lining layer. The thickness of the reaction layer nearly linearly increased with the reaction time and with an erosion rate of 5.7 µm/min. Slags were entrained into the steel occasionally.

Damping of Power Swings Using a FACTS Device of the TCPS Type: Modelling and Laboratory Experiments

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Robak ◽  
D. D. Rasolomampionona ◽  
M. Januszewski
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Test System ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Power Swings ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Considerations concerning the damping of power swings using a FACTS device like TCPS are presented in this paper. The case of a generator-infinite bus test system is taken into consideration. Phenomena have been analysed both by performing computer simulations of the mathematical model and experimental analysis in laboratory conditions. A short description is given of the laboratory set up equipped with a TCPS device used for the experimental analysis.

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