Carbon Nanotube Composite Scaffolds and Coatings for Tissue Engineering Applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 31-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Roberto Boccaccini ◽  
Lutz Christian Gerhardt
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Composite ◽  
Graphite Sheets

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are composed of two-dimensional hexagonal graphite sheets rolled up to form into a seamless hollow tube or cylinder of diameters ranging from 0.7 to 100 nm and length of several micrometres up to several millimetres [1, 2]. CNTs can be synthesised in two configurations, as single-walled nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled nanotubes (MWCNTs). Whereas SWCNTs are made of one tubular structure, MWCNTs consist of concentrically arranged carbon tubes with a typical spacing of ≈ 0.34 nm between the different layers. Owing to their remarkable structural characteristics (light weight, high aspect ratio, high specific surface area), as well as attractive mechanical (high stiffness and strength), electrical (high conductivity) and chemical (versatile surface chemistry, easily to functionalise) properties [2], there is increasing interest in biomedical applications of CNTs.

Graphene and Graphene-Based Materials in Biomedical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (38) ◽  
pp. 6834-6850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Omaish Ansari ◽  
Kalamegam Gauthaman ◽  
Abdurahman Essa ◽  
Sidi A. Bencherif ◽  
Adnan Memic
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Drug And Gene Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Fields

: Nanobiotechnology has huge potential in the field of regenerative medicine. One of the main drivers has been the development of novel nanomaterials. One developing class of materials is graphene and its derivatives recognized for their novel properties present on the nanoscale. In particular, graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials have been shown to have excellent electrical, mechanical, optical and thermal properties. Due to these unique properties coupled with the ability to tune their biocompatibility, these nanomaterials have been propelled for various applications. Most recently, these two-dimensional nanomaterials have been widely recognized for their utility in biomedical research. In this review, a brief overview of the strategies to synthesize graphene and its derivatives are discussed. Next, the biocompatibility profile of these nanomaterials as a precursor to their biomedical application is reviewed. Finally, recent applications of graphene-based nanomaterials in various biomedical fields including tissue engineering, drug and gene delivery, biosensing and bioimaging as well as other biorelated studies are highlighted.

scholarly journals Carbon nanotubes and their polymeric composites: the applications in tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boyang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polymeric Composites ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Toxicity Effects

Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with unique graphitic structure, superior mechanical, electrical, optical and biological properties, has attracted more and more interests in biomedical applications, including gene/drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensor and tissue engineering. In this review, we focus on the role of CNTs and their polymeric composites in tissue engineering applications, with emphasis on their usages in the nerve, cardiac and bone tissue regenerations. The intrinsic natures of CNTs including their physical and chemical properties are first introduced, explaining the structure effects on CNTs electrical conductivity and various functionalization of CNTs to improve their hydrophobic characteristics. Biosafety issues of CNTs are also discussed in detail including the potential reasons to induce the toxicity and their potential strategies to minimise the toxicity effects. Several processing strategies including solution-based processing, polymerization, melt-based processing and grafting methods are presented to show the 2D/3D construct formations using the polymeric composite containing CNTs. For the sake of improving mechanical, electrical and biological properties and minimising the potential toxicity effects, recent advances using polymer/CNT composite the tissue engineering applications are displayed and they are mainly used in the neural tissue (to improve electrical conductivity and biological properties), cardiac tissue (to improve electrical, elastic properties and biological properties) and bone tissue (to improve mechanical properties and biological properties). Current limitations of CNTs in the tissue engineering are discussed and the corresponded future prospective are also provided. Overall, this review indicates that CNTs are promising “next-generation” materials for future biomedical applications.

Biocompatibility and biodegradation properties of polycaprolactone/polydioxanone composite scaffolds prepared by blend or co-electrospinning

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Yiwa Pan ◽  
Ruihua Liu ◽  
Xin Luo ◽  
Xianyan Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffold ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Electrospun Scaffolds ◽  
Hybrid Scaffolds

Electrospun polymer scaffolds are regarded as an ideal tissue engineering scaffold due to similar morphological properties with the native extracellular matrix. Among these, polycaprolactone is widely used to fabricate electrospun fibrous scaffolds due to its excellent biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, and ease of manufacture. However, its low biodegradation rate has a negative influence on its application in tissue engineering scaffold. To address this issue, this study prepared hybrid scaffolds composed of polycaprolactone and polydioxanone (a fast-degrading polyether-ester) via either the blend or co-electrospinning. Subsequently, the structural characteristics, mechanical strength, in vitro/vivo degradation, cellularization, and vascularization of two kinds of hybrid scaffolds were evaluated to decide which method is more suitable for producing tissue engineering scaffolds. The incorporation of polydioxanone increased the mechanical strength of both composite scaffolds. Moreover, co-electrospun scaffolds exhibited improved hydrophilicity compared to blend scaffolds. The results of in vitro and in vivo degradation studies showed that the degradation rate of both composite scaffolds was faster than that of neat polycaprolactone scaffolds due to the incorporated polydioxanone component. Especially in co-electrospun scaffolds, the fast degradation of polydioxanone fiber gave rise to larger pore size, thus leading to faster cellularization and better vascularization compared to blend scaffolds. Therefore, co-electrospinning was demonstrated to be superior to blend electrospinning for the preparation of composite scaffolds. Co-electrospun polycaprolactone–polydioxanone scaffolds may be promising candidates for tissue engineering.

3D Printed Polycaprolactone Carbon Nanotube Composite Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1600250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Meng Benjamin Ho ◽  
Abhinay Mishra ◽  
Pearlyn Teo Pei Lin ◽  
Sum Huan Ng ◽  
Wai Yee Yeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Composite

scholarly journals Overview of Carbon Nanotubes for Biomedical Applications

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliette Simon ◽  
Emmanuel Flahaut ◽  
Muriel Golzio
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Nanocomposite Materials ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Direct Use

The unique combination of mechanical, optical and electrical properties offered by carbon nanotubes has fostered research for their use in many kinds of applications, including the biomedical field. However, due to persisting outstanding questions regarding their potential toxicity when considered as free particles, the research is now focusing on their immobilization on substrates for interface tuning or as biosensors, as load in nanocomposite materials where they improve both mechanical and electrical properties or even for direct use as scaffolds for tissue engineering. After a brief introduction to carbon nanotubes in general and their proposed applications in the biomedical field, this review will focus on nanocomposite materials with hydrogel-based matrices and especially their potential future use for diagnostics, tissue engineering or targeted drug delivery. The toxicity issue will also be briefly described in order to justify the safe(r)-by-design approach offered by carbon nanotubes-based hydrogels.

Highly Conducting Carbon Nanotube Composite for Light-Weight Electric Heating Unit Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (1) ◽  
pp. 000366-000370
Author(s):  
Kunmo Chu ◽  
Sunghoon Park ◽  
Sangeui Lee ◽  
Dongouk Kim ◽  
Yoonchul Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electric Heating ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Heating Unit ◽  
Shear Processing ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Composite ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The fabrication of highly conducting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) / polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite is presented with the aim of electric heating unit applications. High shear processing techniques were used to separate highly entangled multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) with high aspect ratio (∼5000). No notable agglomerates or phase separation between the CNTs and PDMS matrix are observed, and the CNTs are well dispersed. It is observed that the approximate percolation threshold is found to be below 0.1 vol.%, which is a lower value than previously reported. The resulting conductivity of the CNT/PDMS composite is about 223 S/m at 5.7 vol.% CNT loading. The fabricated CNT/PDMS composites can be quickly heated from room temperature to 200°C within 30 seconds by applying a DC voltage of 12V. Our proposed system of using CNT-polymer composites together with our obtained results could be used as a basis for light-weight and high effective heating unit applications.

scholarly journals Recent advancement in biomedical applications on the surface of two-dimensional materials: from biosensing to tissue engineering

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (37) ◽  
pp. 19043-19067
Author(s):  
Emily P. Nguyen ◽  
Cecilia de Carvalho Castro Silva ◽  
Arben Merkoçi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Surface Interactions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Materials ◽  
Recent Advancement

This review highlights the importance of the dimensionality and surface interactions of 2D materials with examples of recent biosensing and biomedical applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document