Investigation into Damage of AL-Mesh Bumper under Hypervelocity AL-Spheres Impact

The aluminum mesh/plate bumper was designed by improving on AL-Whipple shield, and a series of hypervelocity impact tests were practiced with a two-stage light gas gun facility at Harbin Institute of Technology. Impact velocities of Al-spheres were varied between 3.5km/s and 5km/s. The diameters of projectiles were 3.97mm and 6.35mm respectively. The hypervelocity impact characteristics of 5052 aluminum alloy mesh bumper were studied through hypervelocity impact on aluminum mesh/plate bumpers. The fragmentation and dispersal of hypervelocity particle against mesh bumpers varying with material and specification were analyzed. It was found that the mesh wall position, diameter of wire and separation distance arrangement and mesh opening had high influence on the hypervelocity impact characteristic of aluminum mesh/plate shields. At similar impact velocity, hypervelocity impact characteristics comparison with aluminum sheet bumpers of equal areal mass was thrust. The optimized design idea of aluminum mesh/plate bumpers was suggested.

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Investigation into Damage of Stainless Steel Mesh/ALPlate Multi-Shock Shield under Hypervelocity AL-Spheres Impact

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.525-526.397 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 525-526 ◽

pp. 397-400

Author(s):

Gong Shun Guan ◽

Dong Dong Pu ◽

Yue Ha

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Impact Angle ◽

Separation Distance ◽

Hypervelocity Impact ◽

Aluminum Plate ◽

Optimized Design ◽

Stainless Steel Mesh ◽

Steel Mesh ◽

Gas Gun ◽

The Impact

A series of hypervelocity impact tests on stainless steel mesh/aluminum plate multi-shock shield were practiced with a two-stage light gas gun facility. Impact velocity was approximately 4km/s. The diameter of projectiles was 6.4mm. The impact angle was 0°. The fragmentation and dispersal of hypervelocity particle against stainless steel mesh bumper varying with mesh opening size and the wire diameter were investigated. It was found that the mesh wall position, diameter of wire, separation distance arrangement and mesh opening had high influence on the hypervelocity impact characteristic of stainless steel mesh/aluminum plate multi-shock shields. When the stainless steel mesh wall was located in the first wall site of the bumper it did not help comminuting and decelerating projectile. When the stainless steel mesh wall was located in the last wall site of the bumper, it could help dispersing debris clouds, reducing the damage of the rear wall. Optimized design idea of stainless steel mesh/aluminum plate multi-shock shields was suggested.

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Experimental Investigation and Numerical Simulation of Porous Volcano Rock Hypervelocity Impact on Whipple Shield of Spacecrafts

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.385 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 452-453 ◽

pp. 385-388

Author(s):

Bin Jia ◽

Gao Jian Liao ◽

Hai Peng Gong ◽

Bao Jun Pang

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Space Debris ◽

Geometrical Model ◽

Hypervelocity Impact ◽

Rear Wall ◽

Projectile Impact ◽

Gas Gun ◽

Significant Damage ◽

Speed Range ◽

Whipple Shield

All spacecrafts in earth orbit are subject to hypervelocity impact by micro-meteoroids and space debris, which can in turn lead to significant damage and catastrophic failure of spacecraft. Porous volcano rock was adopted as one of micro-meteoroid material due to their similar physical and geometric features. Two-stage light gas gun experiments were carried out for a 6mm diameter volcano rock projectile impact on an Al-Whipple shield within the speed range from 1 km/s to 3 km/s. An ANSYS/LS-DYNA software was employed and justified by experimental results, in which a porous geometrical model was established for volcano rock projectile. The higher speed range was extended from 3 km/s to 10 km/s by numerical simulation. The results of experiments and numerical simulation indicated that major damage on rear wall of the Whipple shield impacted by volcano rock projectile is caused by the fragments of bumper of the shield, which is different from that of aluminum projectile. And 5.5km/s is the critical speed of a 6mm diameter volcano rock projectile impact on the Whipple shield investigated.

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Research of Performance about Ceramic Coating on Aluminum Bumper to Resist Hypervelocity Impact

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.577-578.629 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 577-578 ◽

pp. 629-632

Author(s):

Gong Shun Guan ◽

Qiang Bi ◽

Yu Zhang

Keyword(s):

Kinetic Energy ◽

Optimum Design ◽

Critical Thickness ◽

Ceramic Coating ◽

Impact Angle ◽

Hypervelocity Impact ◽

Front Side ◽

Gas Gun ◽

Whipple Shield ◽

The Impact

Shield structure based on ceramic coating on aluminum bumper was designed, and a series of hypervelocity impact tests were practiced with a two-stage light gas gun facility. Impact velocities were varied between1.5km/s and 5.0km/s. The diameter of projectiles were 3.97mm and 6.35mm respectively. The impact angle was 0°. The damage of the ceramic coating on aluminum bumper under hypervelocity impact was studied. It was found that the ceramic coating on aluminum bumper could help enhancing the protection performance of shield to resist hypervelocity impact. The results indicated when the ceramic coating is on the front side of aluminum bumper, it was good for comminuting projectile and weakening the kinetic energy of projectile. For a certain aluminum bumper, existing a critical thickness of ceramic coating in which capability of Whipple shield to resist hypervelocity impact is the best. On this basis, the proposal of the optimum design for ceramic coating on aluminum bumper was made.

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Dust and atmospheric influence on plasma properties observed in light gas gun hypervelocity impact experiments

International Journal of Impact Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2021.103833 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 151 ◽

pp. 103833

Author(s):

Benjamin Estacio ◽

Gil Shohet ◽

Sean A.Q. Young ◽

Isaac Matthews ◽

Nicolas Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hypervelocity Impact ◽

Plasma Properties ◽

Gas Gun ◽

Impact Experiments

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A Hypervelocity Impact Facilities Based on Double-Barreled Two-Stage Light Gas Gun

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.834-836.825 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 834-836 ◽

pp. 825-828

Author(s):

Jun Yin ◽

Yu Wang Yang ◽

Xia Yun Hu ◽

Cheng Cheng Yong

Keyword(s):

Optical Method ◽

Hypervelocity Impact ◽

Two Stage ◽

Impact Speed ◽

Impact Tests ◽

Gas Gun ◽

Almost All ◽

The Impact

For almost all materials the hypervelocity regime has been reached when the impact speed above 2 km/s. A double-barreled two-stage light gas gun (TSLGG) system used for the hypervelocity impact tests is described. The proposed TSLGG can accelerate 50 g projectile masses up to velocities of 2.2 km/s. The craters produced with this equipment reach a diameter of up to 20 cm, a size unique in laboratory cratering research. The experiment results show our TSLGG system work effectively, velocity of the projectile mass is measured highly accurate by means of the proposed optical method.

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Investigation into Damage of Aluminum Multi-Wall Shield under Hypervelocity Projectiles Impact

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.385-387.201 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 385-387 ◽

pp. 201-204

Author(s):

Gong Shun Guan ◽

Bao Jun Pang ◽

Run Qiang Chi ◽

Nai Gang Cui

Keyword(s):

Aluminum Alloy ◽

Space Debris ◽

Hypervelocity Impact ◽

Wall Structure ◽

First Wall ◽

Experiment Data ◽

Normal Impact ◽

Advanced Method ◽

Hypervelocity Impacts ◽

Gas Gun

In order to study the hypervelocity impact of space debris on spacecraft through hypervelocity impact on aluminum alloy multi-wall structure, a two-stage light gas gun was used to launch 2017-T4 aluminum alloy sphere projectiles. The projectile diameters ranged from 2.74mm to 6.35mm and impact velocities ranged from 1.91km/s to 5.58km/s. Firstly, the advanced method of multi-wall shield resisting hypervelocity impacts from space debris was investigated, and the effect of amount and thickness of wall on shield performance was discussed. Finally, by regression analyzing of experiment data, the experience equations for forecasting the diameter of the penetration hole on the first wall and the diameter of the damaged area on the second wall of aluminum multi-wall shield under hypervelocity normal impact of Al-spheres were obtained. The results indicated that the performance of multi-wall shield with more amount of wall is excellent when area density is constant. At the same time, intensity of the first wall and protecting space play the important roles.

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Hypervelocity impact performance of aluminum egg-box panel enhanced Whipple shield

Acta Astronautica ◽

10.1016/j.actaastro.2015.10.013 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 119 ◽

pp. 48-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Xiaotian Zhang ◽

Tao Liu ◽

Xiaogang Li ◽

Guanghui Jia

Keyword(s):

Hypervelocity Impact ◽

Impact Performance ◽

Whipple Shield

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A New Concept for Material Fragmentation Simulation – Nodes Separation

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.558 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 160-162 ◽

pp. 558-563

Author(s):

Xiao Tian Zhang ◽

Guang Hui Jia ◽

Hai Huang

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Energy Loss ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Hypervelocity Impact ◽

Separation Method ◽

Secondary Development ◽

Separation Mechanism ◽

Protective Structure ◽

Aluminum Mesh ◽

Impact Problem

A method for material fragmentation based on Lagrangian FEM with the concept of nodes separation is proposed. This method is consisted of nodes separation mechanism and elements distortion erosion. In the simulation the nodes of failure elements are separated to form crack and distorted elements are detected and eliminated to prevent singularity. Nodes separation method can greatly improve the energy loss disadvantage in the failure erosion method. Based on LS-dyna secondary development the method is implemented. Hypervelocity impact problem of satellite protective structure is simulated and compared to experimental data for calibration. The performance of multi layer aluminum mesh shield under hypervelocity impact is also evaluated. The results show the high efficiency and applicability of nodes separation method in practical problems.

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A Study of Damage in Aluminum Dual-Wall Structure by Hypervelocity Impact of AL-Spheres

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.197 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 324-325 ◽

pp. 197-200

Author(s):

Gong Shun Guan ◽

Bao Jun Pang ◽

Run Qiang Chi ◽

Yao Zhu

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Space Debris ◽

Simulation Method ◽

Hypervelocity Impact ◽

Wall Structure ◽

Rear Wall ◽

Back Wall ◽

Projectile Velocity ◽

Gas Gun ◽

The Law

In order to simulate and study the hypervelocity impact of space debris on dual-wall structure of spacecrafts, firstly a non-powder two-stage light gas gun was used to launch AL-sphere projectiles. Damage modes in rear wall of dual-wall structure were obtained, and while the law of damage in rear wall depends on projectile diameter and impact velocity were proposed. Finally, numerical simulation method was used to study the law of damage in rear wall. By experiment and numerical simulation of hypervelocity impact on the dual-wall structure by Al-spheres, and it is found that AUTODYN-2D SPH is an effective method of predicting damage in rear wall from hypervelocity impact. By numerical simulation of projectile diameter, projectile velocity and the space between bumper and back wall effect on damage in rear wall by hypervelocity impact, and fitting curves with simulation results, the law of damage in rear wall and dominant factors effect damage in rear wall by hypervelocity impact were proposed.

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