The Influence of Building Envelop Materials on its Life Cycle Performance: A Case Study of Educational Building in Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 780 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Pipat Thaipradit ◽  
Nantamol Limphitakphong ◽  
Premrudee Kanchanapiya ◽  
Thanapol Tantisattayakul ◽  
Orathai Chavalparit
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Building Envelop

The analysis of life cycle energy (LCE) and life cycle carbon (LCC) of building were performed in this study in order to identify the solutions for reducing energy-related carbon emission throughout building life time. The influence factors associated with building envelop materials (wall, insulation, window, window-to-wall ratio) were evaluated. The result showed that operation phase contributed a vast majority (>90%) of LCE and LCC. Only 4% emissions saving could be achieved if autoclaved aerated concrete block, cellulose insulation and triple glazing were implemented with WWR of 0.17. The finding suggested that reducing carbon emission should not only be prioritized through use of high energy efficient materials/technologies but should also integrate energy saving measures since energy demand in tropical country is quite high for cooling building. In addition, increasing a possibility and feasibility for supplying renewable energy should be further investigated importunately.

scholarly journals Mitigating the Energy Consumption and the Carbon Emission in the Building Structures by Optimization of the Construction Processes

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3287
Author(s):  
Alireza Tabrizikahou ◽  
Piotr Nowotarski
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Structural Optimization ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption

For decades, among other industries, the construction sector has accounted for high energy consumption and emissions. As the energy crisis and climate change have become a growing concern, mitigating energy usage is a significant issue. The operational and end of life phases are all included in the building life cycle stages. Although the operation stage accounts for more energy consumption with higher carbon emissions, the embodied stage occurs in a time-intensive manner. In this paper, an attempt has been made to review the existing methods, aiming to lower the consumption of energy and carbon emission in the construction buildings through optimizing the construction processes, especially with the lean construction approach. First, the energy consumption and emissions for primary construction materials and processes are introduced. It is followed by a review of the structural optimization and lean techniques that seek to improve the construction processes. Then, the influence of these methods on the reduction of energy consumption is discussed. Based on these methods, a general algorithm is proposed with the purpose of improving the construction processes’ performance. It includes structural optimization and lean and life cycle assessments, which are expected to influence the possible reduction of energy consumption and carbon emissions during the execution of construction works.

scholarly journals Environmental impact of high-value gold scrap recycling

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1930-1941
Author(s):  
Benjamin Fritz ◽  
Carin Aichele ◽  
Mario Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Cumulative Energy ◽  
Cumulative Energy Demand ◽  
Metal Recycling ◽  
Scrap Recycling

Abstract Purpose The gold routes satisfying the global gold supply are mining (74%), recycling of high-value gold (23%), and electronic scraps (3%). Besides its applications in the investment, jewelry, and industrial sector, gold also has a bad image. The gold production in industrial as well as artisanal and small-scale mines creates negative impacts such as resource depletion, extensive chemical use, toxic emissions, high energy consumption, and social concerns that are of great importance. On the other hand, almost all gold is recycled and has historically always been. In common life cycle assessment (LCA) databases, there is no data on recycling of high-value gold available. This article attempts to answer the question what the ecological benefits of this recycling are. Method In this study, we were able to collect process data on the most commonly used high-value gold scrap recycling process, the aqua regia method, from several state-of-the-art German refineries. With this data, life cycle inventories were created and a life cycle model was produced to finally generate life cycle impacts of high-value gold scrap recycling. Results This study contains the corresponding inventories and thus enables other interested parties to use these processes for their own LCA studies. The results show that high-value gold scrap recycling has a considerably lower environmental impact than electronic gold scrap recycling and mining. For example, high-value gold scrap recycling in Germany results in a cumulative energy demand (CED) of 820 MJ and a global warming potential (GWP) of 53 kg-CO2-Eq. per kg gold. In comparison, common datasets indicate CED and GWP levels of nearly 8 GJ and 1 t-CO2-Eq. per kg gold, respectively, for electronic scrap recycling and levels of 240 GJ and 16 t-CO2-Eq. per kg gold, respectively, for mining. Conclusion The results show that buying gold from precious metal recycling facilities with high technological standards and a reliable origin of the recycling material is about 300 times better than primary production.

Life cycle costs and environmental impacts of a nearly zero-energy detached house

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Zs. Szalay ◽  
T. Csoknyai
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Detached House ◽  
Zero Energy Buildings

Abstract The recast of the Energy Performance Building Directive contains a new article about the need to increase the number of buildings which go beyond current national requirements, and to draw up national plans for increasing the number of nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEB) with the final target that by 2020 all new buildings shall be nearly-zero energy. Nearly zero-energy buildings are buildings with a very high energy performance, where the remaining low energy demand can be supplied to a significant extent by renewable energy. In this paper, a detached house complying with the proposed Hungarian nZEB requirements is analysed. The life cycle cost and life cycle environmental impacts of the building are assessed for various building service systems to optimise the building design.

scholarly journals A Life Cycle Engineering Perspective on Biocomposites as a Solution for a Sustainable Recovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1160
Author(s):  
Amy Fitzgerald ◽  
Will Proud ◽  
Ali Kandemir ◽  
Richard J. Murphy ◽  
David A. Jesson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Life Cycle Engineering ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Sustainability Strategies ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Light Weighting ◽  
Sustainable Recovery

Composite materials, such as carbon fibre reinforced epoxies, provide more efficient structures than conventional materials through light-weighting, but the associated high energy demand during production can be extremely detrimental to the environment. Biocomposites are an emerging material class with the potential to reduce a product’s through-life environmental impact relative to wholly synthetic composites. As with most materials, there are challenges and opportunities with the adoption of biocomposites at the each stage of the life cycle. Life Cycle Engineering is a readily available tool enabling the qualification of a product’s performance, and environmental and financial impact, which can be incorporated in the conceptual development phase. Designers and engineers are beginning to actively include the environment in their workflow, allowing them to play a significant role in future sustainability strategies. This review will introduce Life Cycle Engineering and outline how the concept can offer support in the Design for the Environment, followed by a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of biocomposites throughout their life cycle.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Processes Regarding Energy Production from the Sludge Line

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Paulina Szulc ◽  
Jędrzej Kasprzak ◽  
Zbysław Dymaczewski ◽  
Przemysław Kurczewski
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment

The efficient and timely removal of organic matter and nutrients from water used in normal municipal functions is considered to be the main task of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Therefore, these facilities are considered to be essential units that are required to avoid pollution of the water environment and decrease the possibility of triggering eutrophication. Even though these benefits are undeniable, they remain at odds with the high energy demand of wastewater treatment and sludge processes. As a consequence, WWTPs have various environmental impacts, which can be estimated and categorized using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis. In this study, a municipal WWTP based in Poznań, Poland, was examined using the method defined in ISO 14040. ReCiPe Endpoint and Midpoint (v1.11), in a hierarchical approach, were used to evaluate the environmental impacts regarding 18 different categories. All calculations were conducted using a detailed database from 2019, which describes each chosen facility. It was found that the energy component, related to the wastewater treatment process demand and electricity production, is the main determinant of the sum of the environmental impact indicators in light of the modelled energy mix. Therefore, it determines the entire process as an environmentally friendly activity.

Life-Time Index in Whole Structural Life-Cycle

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 5711-5716
Author(s):  
Xiao Ping Zhong ◽  
Wei Liang Jin ◽  
Wen Xue
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Time Index ◽  
Design Service Life ◽  
Technology Level

In the analysis on whole structural life-cycle, there are two important factors to need to be considered. One is the determination of design service life of structure, and another is design of structure based on service life. After analyzing deeply the influence factors of life-time index, it can be found that the design service life of structure not only depends on technology level, functional requirement and economic cost factors of structures, but also relate with the specific environmental conditions, using conditions and maintenance conditions of structures. So that, an analysis method of determined design service life of structure is given in this paper. For design of structure on service life, from the view of whole structural life-cycle, a probability reliability-based analysis method of structural service life design and re-design is proposed in this paper. By updating constantly design parameters, the correctness of predicted service life is improved gradually.

scholarly journals Energy and Resource Efficient Production of Fluoroalkenes in High Temperature Microreactors

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Konstantin Mierdel ◽  
Andreas Jess ◽  
Thorsten Gerdes ◽  
Achim Schmidt ◽  
Klaus Hintzer
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Free Process ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
High Yields

Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) are the most common monomers for the synthesis of fluoropolymers at industrial scale. Currently, TFE is produced via multistep pyrolysis of chlorodifluoromethane (R22), resulting in a high energy demand and high amounts of waste acids, mainly HCl and HF. In this study, a new chlorine-free process for producing TFE and HFP in a microreactor is presented, starting from partially fluorinated alkanes obtained from electrochemical fluorination (ECF). In the microreactor, high conversion rates of CHF3, which is used as a surrogate of partly fluorinated ECF streams, and high yields of fluoromonomers could be achieved. The energy saving and the environmental impact are shown by a life cycle assessment (LCA). The LCA confirms that the developed process has economical as well as ecological benefits, and is thus an interesting option for future industrial production of fluoroalkenes.

scholarly journals Towards Rural Revitalization Strategy for Housing in Gully Regions of the Loess Plateau: Environmental Considerations

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3109
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Qi Ding ◽  
Qinian Hu ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Weijun Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Rural Revitalization ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Under the background of Chinese Rural Revitalization Strategy, how to improve rural regional environment and living quality is very important and urgent. At present, residential buildings in gully regions of the Loess Plateau have poor insulation and high-energy consumption. Thus, better ecological design can largely save energy and improve living comfort. The findings of this paper provide an insight into the ecological design potentials for reducing energy demand across rural regions in China. In this paper, we select three main types of residential buildings in gully regions and build energy demand models based on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The results show that the energy demand in the building use stage is extremely high in all three typical buildings, which account for around 90% of the whole life cycle. The energy demand of the traditional adobe residential building is lower than the brick-concrete structure buildings. The LCA method used in this paper can quantify the energy demand in each stage of life cycle, which helps to put forward the corresponding ecological design strategy. The research results can be used as a reference in the future development of this region and other rural regions in China.

LIFE-CYCLE PERFORMANCE OF HYDROGEN AS AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT SOLUTION IN HYDROPOWER PLANTS: A CASE STUDY IN CENTRAL ITALY

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-51
Author(s):  
A. Valente ◽  
D. Iribarren ◽  
J. Dufour ◽  
G. Spazzafumo
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Hydropower Plants

The suitability of hydrogen as an energy management solution in a run-of-river hydropower plant inCentral Italyis evaluated from a life-cycle perspective. Hydrogen production at off-peak hours via electrolysis is considered, as well as potential hydrogen storage in metal hydrides followed by hydrogen use at peak hours for power generation using fuel cell technology. Hydropower generation and hydrogen production are identified as the subsystems contributing most to the nine evaluated impact categories (e.g., global warming, abiotic depletion and cumulative energy demand). The renewable hydrogen produced shows a more favourable life-cycle environmental and energy performance than conventional hydrogen generated via steam methane reforming. Furthermore, when enlarging the system with hydrogen use for power generation, the renewable electricity product shows a better life-cycle profile than conventional electricity for the Italian electrical grid. Overall, under life-cycle aspects, hydrogen is found to be a suitable energy solution in hydropower plants both as a hydrogen product itself (e.g., for transportation) and as a feedstock for subsequent power generation at peak hours.

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