Thermoplastic Multi-Material Nonwovens from Recycled Carbon Fibres Using Wet-Laying Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 809 ◽  
pp. 210-216
Author(s):  
Michael Sauer ◽  
Jonas Feil ◽  
Frank Manis ◽  
Tobias Betz ◽  
Klaus Drechsler
Keyword(s):  
Volume Content ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Chemical Fibre ◽  
Nonwoven Material ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
Thermoplastic Matrix ◽  
Functional Components

In this study, multi-material nonwovens were produced using a wet laying nonwoven batch process. The aim of this work is to investigate and develop nonwoven material solutions that can be used for a substitution of pure glass fibre (GF)-applications and also provide a more cost-sensitive option compared to nonwovens purely made from recycled carbon fibres (rCF). The multi-material-nonwovens of this study consisted of the functional components rCF and GF as well as a thermoplastic matrix, built by the admixture of PA6-fibres. All three fibre types were mixed directly within the nonwoven manufacturing process, respectively in the course of the initial weighed portions. Six different material compositions with individual amounts of rCF and GF were produced, but a constant overall fibre volume content (FVC) as well as a uniform grammage was defined. A hot pressing technique was used to consolidate these multi-material-nonwoven layers. Subsequently, the sheet materials were examined using tensile and 4-point bending tests, as well as wet-chemical fibre volume content determinations and micrographic sections. With regard to the mechanical performance, a near-linear increase is observed for increased proportions of recycled carbon fibres. In this context a potential for the use of multi-material-nonwovens consisting of rCF and GF can be found. It is demonstrated that rCF might be an adequate substituent for classical GF-applications. The results contribute to broadening the performance spectrum of rCF and thus to its substantial recycling route.

The Mechanical Performance of Carbon Fibres- Addressing the Role of Microstructure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Peter ◽  
Claudia Creighton ◽  
David Fox ◽  
Pablo Mota Santiago ◽  
Adrian Hawley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Carbon Fibres

scholarly journals The Mechanical Properties and Chloride Resistance of Concrete Reinforced with Hybrid Polypropylene and Basalt Fibres

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Hu ◽  
Yihong Guo ◽  
Jianfu Lv ◽  
Jize Mao
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Single Fibre ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Basalt Fibre ◽  
Structure Characteristics ◽  
Chloride Resistance ◽  
Hybrid Fibre ◽  
Curing Age

This paper aims to investigate the effect of the polypropylene fibre (PP) and basalt fibre (BF), singly or in hybridization, on the workability, mechanical, chloride resistance and pore structure characteristics of concrete. Sixteen mixtures consisting of PP and BF, both at volume content of 0.0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%, were fabricated, and the slump, compressive, splitting tensile, flexural and charge passed were tested. The results show the hybridization of the PP and BF can improve three types of strength of concrete in comparison to their single fibre. Nevertheless, the hybridization is not always conducive, and the synergy of fibres is proposed and divided into positive and negative effects. The combination of the PP and BF both at content of 0.1% achieves the best mechanical performance, and is recommended for practical usage. Incorporating fibres reduces the chloride resistance of concrete, and the hybridization is helpless to this phenomenon; even the reduction is intensified at a highly hybrid fibre volume. However, increasing the curing age can mitigate this adverse effect caused by fibres. Furthermore, the microstructures were explored to elucidate the macro-properties of concrete in terms of interface and pore structure.

scholarly journals Fibre Distribution Characterization of Ultra-High Performance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) Plates Using Magnetic Probes

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5064
Author(s):  
Lufan Li ◽  
Jun Xia ◽  
Chee Chin ◽  
Steve Jones
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Volume Content ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fibre Orientation ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fibre Distribution ◽  
Fibre Orientation Angle ◽  
High Performance Fibre

Ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) is an innovative cement-based engineering material. The mechanical properties of UHPFRC not only depend on the properties of the concrete matrix and fibres, but also depend on the interaction between these two components. The fibre distribution is affected by many factors and previous researchers had developed different approaches to test the fibre distribution. This research adopted the non-destructive C-shape ferromagnetic probe inductive test and investigated the straight steel fibre distribution of the UHPFRC plate. A simplified characterization equation is introduced with an attenuation factor to consider the different plate thicknesses. The effective testing depth of this probe was tested to be 24 mm. By applying this method, fibre volume content and the fibre orientation angle can be calibrated for the entire plate. The fibre volume content generally fulfilled the design requirement. The fibre orientation angle followed a normal distribution, with a mean value of 45.60°. By testing small flexural specimens cut from the plates, it was found out that the mechanical performance (peak flexural strength) correlates with the product of fibre volume content and cosine fibre orientation angle.

Study of the Proper Sintering Conditions of Anionically-Polymerized Polyamide 6 Matrices for the Fabrication of Greencomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 713 ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
A. Alfonso ◽  
J. Andrés ◽  
J.A. García
Keyword(s):  
Material Characterization ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Liquid Composite Molding ◽  
Thermoplastic Matrix ◽  
Composite Molding ◽  
Long Fiber Thermoplastic

The present research work assesses the manufacture of long fiber thermoplastic matrix composite materials (GreenComposites). Thermoplastic matrices are too viscous to be injected into the conventional LCM (Liquid Composite Molding) molds, and then epoxy, polyester or vinylester resins are used. Nevertheless, the groundbreaking anionic polymerization of caprolactam allows such a synthesis of a thermoplastic APA6 matrix inside the mold. This matrix is sintered from the starting monomers, and presents high mechanical performance and recyclability. In order to do the reactive injection in a LCM mold, it is necessary to control the polymerization mechanism of such a thermoplastic matrix. This paper puts special emphasis on detecting and solving all problems which arose during synthesis. For instance, moisture values were assessed for all starting reactants, since humidity keeps polymerization from occurring. It is thought that once the synthesis and the resulting material characterization are well controlled, the manufacture of GreenComposites through in situ polymerization, as well as addition of state-of-the-art fabrics such as basalt, can proceed successfully.

scholarly journals Unidirectional Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Tape in Automated Tape Placement Process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Risteska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Thermoplastic Matrix ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Process Ability

Thermoplastic matrix composites are finding new applications in the different industrial areas, thanks to their intrinsic advantages related to environmental compatibility and process-ability. The tape placement process is one of the few techniques that have the potential to continuously process thermoplastic composites in large industrial applications. Fiber-reinforced thermoplastic tapes are subjected to high heating and cooling rates during the tape placement process. The application of laser heating for the tape placement process requires a thorough understanding of the factors involved in the process. Qualitative experimental analysis is presented to identify the important phenomena during the tape placement of carbon (PEEK, PEKK, PAEK PPS) tapes. The present chapter focuses on the input parameters in the process of manufacturing composite parts. The mechanical performance of the final parts depend on a number of parameters. It should be void-free and well consolidated for reliable use in the structure. In the present work, it is becoming increasingly wiser to introduce the production of high-quality laminates, using laser AFP and ATL with quality consolidation during the laying process. The experimental results in this chapter help to better understand the consolidation process during LATP.

Design of Fused-Deposition ABS Components for Stiffness and Strength

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
José F. Rodríguez ◽  
James P. Thomas ◽  
John E. Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Solid Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Approximate Minimization ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Functional Components

Abstract The high degree of automation of Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) processing and its ability to create geometrically complex parts to precise dimensions provide it with a unique potential for low volume production of rapid tooling and functional components. A factor of significant importance in the above applications is the capability of producing components with adequate mechanical performance (e.g., stiffness and strength). This paper introduces a strategy for the optimizing the design of Fused-Deposition Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (FD-ABS) components for stiffness and strength. In this strategy, a mathematical model of the structural system is linked to an approximate minimization algorithm to find the settings of select manufacturing parameters which optimize the mechanical performance of the component. The methodology is demonstrated by maximizing the load carrying capacity of a two-section cantilevered FD-ABS beam.

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