Biofuel Production from Jatropha Bio-Oil Derived Fast Pyrolysis: Effect of Catalysts Supported

This research focus on catalytic hydrotreating of Jatropha Bio-oil derived fast pyrolysis into biofuel was investigated to determine the effects of the supported type (Al2O3 TiO2 and Al2O3-TiO2 mix-oxide) and of the variables temperature (300-340 °C). The synthesized catalysts were prepared by sol-gel method for support and wet-impregnation with solution promoter on support, and characterization by BET NH3-TPD XRD and NO-TPD for active site analysis of catalysts. The reaction was carried out in a Parr batch reactor under H2 atmosphere about 50 bar for 2 h. The catalytic activity was evaluated for % fatty acid conversion (%FFA), %HDO, %selective to paraffin/olefin products. The results showed that the CMA gave the %FFA is highest, but low selective products, then the CMT gave the % HDO high than CMA, while the mixed-oxide were proving the %HDO, %FFA conversion and % selective is increasing because the TiO2 incorporated with Al2O3 effect to increase the amount of rim site, it’s active site for HYD partway.

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Utilisation of poultry industry wastes for liquid biofuel production via thermal and catalytic fast pyrolysis

Waste Management & Research ◽

10.1177/0734242x18799870 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 157-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ismail Cem Kantarli ◽

Stylianos D Stefanidis ◽

Konstantinos G Kalogiannis ◽

Angelos A Lappas

Keyword(s):

Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Fast Pyrolysis ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

Fluidised Bed ◽

Nitrogenous Compounds ◽

Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis ◽

Bio Oil

The objective of this study was to examine the potential of poultry wastes to be used as feedstock in non-catalytic and catalytic fast pyrolysis processes, which is a continuation of our previous research on their conversion into biofuel via slow pyrolysis and hydrothermal conversion. Both poultry meal and poultry litter were examined, initially in a fixed bed bench-scale reactor using ZSM-5 and MgO as catalysts. Pyrolysis of poultry meal yielded high amounts of bio-oil, while pyrolysis of poultry litter yielded high amounts of solid residue owing to its high ash content. MgO was found to be more effective for the deoxygenation of bio-oil and reduction of undesirable compounds, by converting mainly the acids in the pyrolysis vapours of poultry meal into aliphatic hydrocarbons. ZSM-5 favoured the formation of both aromatic compounds and undesirable nitrogenous compounds. Overall, all bio-oil samples from the pyrolysis of poultry wastes contained relatively high amounts of nitrogen compared with bio-oils from lignocellulosic biomass, ca. 9 wt.% in the case of poultry meal and ca. 5–8 wt.% in the case of poultry litter. This was attributed to the high nitrogen content of the poultry wastes, unlike that of lignocellulosic biomass. Poultry meal yielded the highest amount of bio-oil and was selected as optimum feedstock to be scaled-up in a semi-pilot scale fluidised bed biomass pyrolysis unit with the ZSM-5 catalyst. Pyrolysis in the fluidised bed reactor was more efficient for deoxygenation of the bio-oil vapours, as evidenced from the lower oxygen content of the bio-oil.

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Synthesis and Regeneration of Nickel-Based Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Beech Wood Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal8100449 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 449 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Caroline Carriel Schmitt ◽

María Gagliardi Reolon ◽

Michael Zimmermann ◽

Klaus Raffelt ◽

Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Ph Value ◽

Beech Wood ◽

Fast Pyrolysis ◽

Nickel Catalysts ◽

Wet Impregnation ◽

Heating Value ◽

Gas Formation ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Temperature Selectivity

Four nickel-based catalysts are synthesized by wet impregnation and evaluated for the hydrotreatment/hydrodeoxygenation of beech wood fast-pyrolysis bio-oil. Parameters such as elemental analysis, pH value, and water content, as well as the heating value of the upgraded bio-oils are considered for the evaluation of the catalysts’ activity and catalyst reuse in cycles of hydrodeoxygenation after regeneration. The reduction temperature, selectivity and hydrogen consumption are distinct among them, although all catalysts tested produce upgraded bio-oils with reduced oxygen concentration, lower water content and higher energy density. Ni/SiO2, in particular, can remove more than 50% of the oxygen content and reduce the water content by more than 80%, with low coke and gas formation. The evaluation over four consecutive hydrotreatment reactions and catalyst regeneration shows a slightly reduced hydrodeoxygenation activity of Ni/SiO2, mainly due to deactivation caused by sintering and adsorption of poisoning substances, such as sulfur. Following the fourth catalyst reuse, the upgraded bio-oil shows 43% less oxygen in comparison to the feedstock and properties comparable to the upgraded bio-oil obtained with the fresh catalyst. Hence, nickel-based catalysts are promising for improving hardwood fast-pyrolysis bio-oil properties, especially monometallic nickel catalysts supported on silica.

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Fast Pyrolysis of Soy Hulls in a Fluidized Bed Reactor: Main Components of the Bio-Oil

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.802.239 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 802 ◽

pp. 239-244

Author(s):

Tiago José Pires de Oliveira ◽

Cássia Regina Cardoso ◽

Carlos Henrique Ataíde

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Nitrogen Concentration ◽

Fast Pyrolysis ◽

Vapor Condensation ◽

Internal Diameter ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Soy Hulls ◽

Main Components ◽

High Nitrogen Concentration

The fast pyrolysis is an efficient and promising process of thermal decomposition. The process consists in the reaction of organic materials in the total or partial absence of oxygen to produce condensable vapor, non-condensable gases and char. Bio-oil is generated after vapor condensation and it can be converted into fuels and/or chemicals. Fast pyrolysis of soy hulls was conducted in a batch reactor fluidized bed, made of stainless steel, with internal diameter of 78 mm and 1069 mm height. The fast pyrolysis of soy hulls, mixed with inert (sand), was carried out at approximately 550 °C. Atmosphere with high nitrogen concentration was used. The present study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of the soy hulls bio-oil using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques.

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