Effects of Doping on Zeta Potential and pH of Polyaniline Colloidal Suspension

2020 ◽  
Vol 1008 ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Mohammed Fuseini ◽  
Ahmed Hassan El-Shazly ◽  
Marwa Farouk El-Kady
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Emeraldine Base ◽  
Emeraldine Salt ◽  
Aniline Monomer ◽  
Electrophoretic Coating ◽  
Chemical Oxidation Polymerization

Polyaniline (PANI) has successfully been prepared by chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline monomer. The prepared polymer was confirmed by XRD. The conducting form of PANI known as emeraldine salt (ES) through different concentrations of formic acid; 0.4 mmol/ L, 2mmol/ L, 6 mmol/ L, 8 mmol/ L, 10 mmol/ L, and 12 mmol/L is prepared from its insulating emeraldine base (EB) by levels of doping. The objective is to establish a correlation between the levels of doping, the zeta potential of the suspension. Positive zeta potential values (24.75, 27, 33.25, 36.75, 40.50, and 42) mV were obtained for the various PANI suspension. This showed the acquisition of positive charges by the PANI after doping. The observation was made that zeta potential values increases as formic acid concentration increased. This was correlated using UV/VIS spectra and electrophoretic coating with the polyaniline suspensions.

Nanocomposite Sheets Composed of Polyaniline Nanoparticles and Graphene Oxide as Electrode Materials for High-performance Supercapacitor

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 097-102
Author(s):  
Shuhua Pang ◽  
Weiliang Chen ◽  
Zhewei Yang ◽  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Xin Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Aniline Monomer ◽  
Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽  
Fast Ion

Composite materials based on the combination of graphene oxide and PANI are expected not only to improve the PANI conductivity, but also relieve graphene oxide aggregation via a synergistic effect. We report an easy synthesis of a polyaniline/graphene oxide (PGO) composite with a relatively high specific capacitance by chemical oxidation polymerization. As the employ of phytic acid and increasing aniline monomer concentration, more and more PANI nanoparticles deposited into the interval between GO layers. PGO3 composite exhibits the largest specific capacitance (349 F·g-1) and PGO4 composite follows (314 F·g-1), whereas PGO has a minimal specific capacitance (206 F·g-1). The enhanced capacitance originates from the high capacitance of more PANI nanoparticles and better configuration as well as higher surface area of PGO3 and PGO4 composites for fast ion transport. The as-prepared PGO3 sheets composite with improved electrochemical performance is a promising electrode material for supercapacitor.

Synthesis and effect of secondary dopant on the conductivity of conducting polymer polyaniline

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 785-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedir Mamma ◽  
Khalid Siraj ◽  
Nathan Meka
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Emeraldine Base ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
Emeraldine Salt ◽  
Salt Form ◽  
Aniline Monomer ◽  
Electrical Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Secondary Doping ◽  
Ft Ir

Abstract Polyaniline (PANI) in its emeraldine salt form was synthesized by chemical method from aniline monomer in the presence of HCl mixed with LiCl and ammonium persulfate as oxidant. Then, a portion of sample was dedoped with NH3 solution and another equal portion was separately postdoped with secondary dopants, such as H2SO4 and HClO4, respectively. Finally, the dried samples of PANI prepared in all its three different forms (emeraldine salt form, undoped emeraldine base, and the two secondary doped forms of PANI) were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and electrical conductivity measurement. The cyclic voltammograms of PANI in its emeraldine base (PANI-EB) determined the electrochemical behavior and the growth mechanisms of the polymer. The FT-IR and UV-vis spectra confirmed the expected structural modification up on doping, undoping, and postdoping processes of the polymer. Their measured electrical conductivities were from 0.02 for undoped, 156 for primary doped form, and increasing from 158 to 257 S/cm for those secondary doped PANI. The influence of secondary doping on the electrical conductivity was also investigated from their spectroscopic data which shows dramatic rise in conductivity. The result also shows that secondary doping increased the π conjugation.

scholarly journals Preparation of PANI Modified ZnO Composites via Different Methods: Structural, Morphological and Photocatalytic Properties

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1025
Author(s):  
Nazli Turkten ◽  
Yunus Karatas ◽  
Miray Bekbolet
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Emeraldine Base ◽  
Hybridization Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Polymerization Method

Polyaniline modified zinc oxide (PANI-ZnO) photocatalyst composites were synthesized by focusing on dissolution disadvantage of ZnO. In-situ chemical oxidation polymerization method was performed under neutral conditions (PANI-ES) whereas in hybridization method physical blending was applied using emeraldine base of polyaniline (PANI-EB). PANI-ZnO composites were prepared in various ratios of aniline (ANI) to ZnO as 1%, 3%, 6% and 9%. The alterations on the structural and morphological properties of PANI-ZnO composites were compared by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis Unit (SEM-EDAX) techniques. FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of PANI in all composites. SEM images revealed the morphological differences of PANI-ZnO composites based on PANI presence and preparation methods. Photocatalytic performances of PANI-ZnO specimens were investigated by following the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in aqueous medium under UVA irradiation. The effects of catalyst dose and initial dye concentration were also studied. MB degradation was followed by both decolorization extents and removal of aromatic fractions. PANI-ZnO composites expressed enhanced photocatalytic performance (~95% for both methods) as compared to sole ZnO (~87%). The hybridization method was found to be more efficient than the in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization method emphasizing the significance of the neutral medium.

Kinetic study on chemical oxidation of leucoemeraldine base polyaniline to emeraldine base

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doo Kyung Moon ◽  
Masahiro Ezuka ◽  
Tsukasa Maruyama ◽  
Kohtaro Osakada ◽  
Takakazu Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Emeraldine Base

scholarly journals OPTIMASI PRODUKSI PULP FORMACELL DARI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (TKKS) DENGAN METODE PERMUKAAN RESPON

REAKTOR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Hidayati ◽  
Ahmad Sapta Zuidar ◽  
Ahmad Fahreza
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Optimum Result ◽  
Hcl Concentration ◽  
Pulp Production

ABSTRACT Empty oil-palm bunches (EOPB) contains more enough cellulose so that it can be made as an alternative pulp production.  One of the process of pulp production which friendly environment is by using acetate acid and formic acid called by formacell process.  The aims of the research is to got optimation models of formic acid concentration, HCl concentration and cooking duration for the EFB pulp production.  The optimum result of the EOPB pulp production were 75% of cellulose, 8% of hemiselulosa, 10% of  lignin, and 80% of yield with the optimum concentration 20% of formic acid, 0,5% of HCl, and 2 hour of cooking duration.   Keyword : pulp formacell, EFB, RSM.   ABSTRAK Tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) mengandung kadar selulosa yang cukup tinggi sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku alternatif produksi pulp.  Salah satu proses produksi pulp ramah lingkungan yaitu dengan menggunakan campuran pelarut asam asetat dan asam formiat sebagai bahan pemasak yang disebut proses formacell.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan model optimasi dari konsentrasi asam formiat, konsentrasi HCl dan lama pemasakan untuk produksi pulp TKKS.  Konsentrasi pemasakan optimum terjadi pada konsentrasi asam formiat 20%, konsentrasi HCl 0,5%, dan lama pemasakan selama 2 jam dengan hasil optimum untuk produksi pulp TKKS yaitu 75 % selulosa, 8 % hemiselulosa, 10% lignin, dan 80% rendemen.   Kata kunci: pulp formacell, TKKS, RSM.    

Removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution using exfoliated polyaniline/montmorillonite composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 678-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Chen ◽  
Xiaoqin Hong ◽  
Yongteng Zhao ◽  
Qianfeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Isothermal Model ◽  
Adsorption Characteristic ◽  
In Situ Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Acid Copolymer ◽  
Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Exfoliated polyaniline/montmorillonite (PANI/MMT) composites with nanosheet structure were successfully prepared by in situ chemical oxidation polymerization with MMT platelets as the scaffold. Amphoteric polymer, (2-methacryloyloxyethyl)trimethyl ammonium chloride and methacrylate acid copolymer, was used to modify montmorillonite and a large number of carboxylic acids were introduced on the surface of the clay platelets, which can be used as a dopant of PANI and play a ‘bridge’ role to combine PANI with clay. Adsorption experiments were carried out to study the effects of pH, contact time, Cr(VI) concentration, adsorbent dose and temperature. The adsorption of Cr(VI) on the PANI/MMT was highly pH dependent and the adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model. The Langmuir isothermal model described the adsorption isotherm data well and the maximum adsorption capacity increased with the increase in temperature. Thermodynamic investigation indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous, endothermic and marked with an increase in randomness at the adsorbent – liquid interface. The maximum adsorption capacity of the PANI/MMT composites for Cr(VI) was 308.6 mg/g at 25 °C. The excellent adsorption characteristic of exfoliated PANI/MMT composites will render it a highly efficient and economically viable adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal.

scholarly journals Determination of the zeta potential for highly charged colloidal suspensions

2011 ◽  
Vol 369 (1945) ◽  
pp. 2546-2554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Giupponi ◽  
Ignacio Pagonabarraga
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Charged Particle ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Electrostatic Potential ◽  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Colloidal Suspensions ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Lattice Resolution

We compute the electrostatic potential at the surface, or zeta potential ζ , of a charged particle embedded in a colloidal suspension using a hybrid mesoscopic model. We show that, for weakly perturbing electric fields, the value of ζ obtained at steady state during electrophoresis is statistically indistinguishable from ζ in thermodynamic equilibrium. We quantify the effect of counter-ion concentration on ζ . We also evaluate the relevance of the lattice resolution for the calculation of ζ and discuss how to identify the effective electrostatic radius.

SYNTHESIS AND ELECTRORHEOLOGY OF PHOSPHORIC ACID DOPED POLYANILINE SUSPENSIONS

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (07n09) ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. HONG ◽  
H. J. CHOI
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Fourier Transform Ir ◽  
Doped Polyaniline ◽  
Er Fluids ◽  
High Voltage Generator

Semiconducting phosphoric acid doped polyaniline ( PANI-H 3 PO 4) particles were synthesized by chemical oxidation polymerization, and their chemical structure and particle size were examined via Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Electrorheological (ER) fluids were prepared by dispersing the synthesized PANI-H 3 PO 4 particles in kerosine, and their steady shear rheological properties under applied electric fields were investigated using a rotational rheometer with a high-voltage generator. The PANI-H 3 PO 4 synthesized in this study possesses a typical ER behavior: large increase of shear stress with applied electric field strengths.

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