scholarly journals Effect of Stacking Sequences on Mechanical Properties of Kenaf Hybrid Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 459-464
Author(s):  
Ikhwan Yusuff ◽  
Norshahida Sariffudin ◽  
Afifah Mohd Ali ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
S. Norbahiyah
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Sample ◽  
Flexural Tests ◽  
Infusion Technique ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the current project, Kenaf fiber (K) and carbon fiber (C) with epoxy resin were utilized to form carbon-kenaf hybrid composites using a vacuum infusion technique. The volume fraction of fiber and thickness of a hybrid composite was fixed at 40 vol.% and 3mm, respectively. Four different sequences were introduced in the current project including CCCCC, KKKKK, KCKCK, and CKCKC. Mechanical testing such as tensile and flexural tests were performed according to ASTM D3039 and ASTM D790, respectively. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Optical Microscope (OM) were used to identify modes of failures in both tensile and flexural tests of carbon/kenaf hybrid composites. The hybrid CKCKC sample displayed a higher value in tensile strength (264.23 MPa), tensile modulus (11.06 GPa), flexural strength (438.51 MPa) and flexural modulus (25.13 GPa) as compared than KCKCK hybrid sample.

scholarly journals Hybrid green organic/inorganic filler polypropylene composites: Morphological study and mechanical performance investigations

e-Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 710-721
Author(s):  
Mohammed T. Hayajneh ◽  
Faris M. AL-Oqla ◽  
Mu’ayyad M. Al-Shrida
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Inorganic Filler ◽  
Hybrid Filler ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Polypropylene Matrix ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Flexural Tests

Abstract In this study, the morphological and mechanical performances of hybrid green organic and inorganic filler composites were investigated. Various hybrid reinforcements using natural waste fillers including lemon leaves and eggshells were utilized for the study. The tensile strength, tensile modulus, elongation to break, flexural strength, and flexural modulus were investigated for the composites with polypropylene matrix. The results revealed that eggshells composites had the best values for both tensile and flexural tests while lemon leaves composites had the lowest values. However, the hybrid filler (lemon leaves-eggshells) had intermediate values. The poor properties of lemon leaves were attributed to the agglomeration and weak bonding presented by the morphological analysis of the hybrid composites.

scholarly journals Microstructure, Tensile Properties and Hardness Behavior of Al7075 Matrix Composites Reinforced With Graphene Nanoplatelets and Beryl Fabricated by Stir Casting Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6761-6765 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Aluminum 7075 ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this research, an effort is made to familiarize and best potentials of the reinforcing agent in aluminum 7075 matrices with naturally occurring Beryl (Be) and Graphene (Gr) to develop a new hybrid composite material. A stir casting technique was adopted to synthesize the hybrid nanocomposites. GNPS were added in volume fractions of 0.5wt%, 1wt%, 1.5wt%, and 2wt% and with a fixed volume fraction of 6 wt.% of Beryl. As cast hybrid composites were microstructurally characterized with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Microstructure study through scanning electron microscope demonstrated that the homogeneous distribution reinforcement Beryl and GNPs into the Al7075 matrix. Brinell hardness and tensile strength of synthesized materials were investigated. The hybrid Al7075-Beryl-GNPs composites showed better mechanical properties compared with base Al7075 matrix material. The ascast Al7075-6wt.% Beryl-2wt.%GNPs showed 49.41% improvement in hardness and 77.09% enhancement in ultimate tensile strength over Al7075 alloy.

Preliminary Study of HDPE/Kenaf/MMT Nano-Hybrid Biocomposite: Performance of HDPE/Kenaf Biocomposite

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Mohamad Asnawi bin Ya’acob ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid ◽  
Suffiyana Akhbar ◽  
Mohd Faizal Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Hybrid Biocomposite

This work studies the performance of HDPE/kenaf biocomposite by varying the kenaf loading from 10 wt% to 50 wt%. Compounding has carried out by using single screw extruder. The result indicates that at 10 wt% of kenaf loading gave the highest tensile and impact strength which are25.32 MPa and 102.25 MPa respectively. Beside, at 10% to 50% of kenaf loading show increasing tensile modulus, flexural modulus and flexural strength with increment of kenaf fiber but decreasing in tensile strength and impact strength.

Kenaf Nanofiber/Polylactic Acid (PLA) Nanocomposite

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 1095-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Surai Lasat ◽  
Abdan Khalina ◽  
Nor Azowa Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Acetyl Group ◽  
Treated Fiber ◽  
High Pressure Homogenizer ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Scanning Electron

Kenaf fiber was treated with alkaline to reduce lignin content and tested under Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FTIR result showed that peak at 1146 cm-1 which is acetyl group of lignin was reduced in treated fiber while disappearing of carbonyl group in treated kenaf fiber at 1750cm-1 was significantly shown compared to untreated kenaf fiber. Treated fiber undergoes mechanical size decrement process by high pressure homogenizer with 500bar pressure and 60 passes. Transmission Electron microscopy (TEM) was used to determine size and distribution of fiber. Moreover, morphology of nanofiber was observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Nanofiber (3%, 5%, 8% and 10%) was mixed with PLA using internal mixer and then compressed with hot pressed to produce specimen for tensile test. Tensile strength and tensile modulus of nanocomposite with 10% of nanofiber increased by 30% and 85% respectively compared to pure PLA.

Polypropylene composites reinforced with hybrid inorganic fillers: Morphological, mechanical, and rheological properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 848-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakhar Mittal ◽  
Shiva Naresh ◽  
Priyanka Luthra ◽  
Amardeep Singh ◽  
Jatinder Singh Dhaliwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Filler Particle ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Filler Particle Size ◽  
Size Type ◽  
Mineral Fillers

Mineral fillers like talc and mica are commonly used in the plastic industry because of their tendency to alter the properties of thermoplastic materials. Polypropylene (PP)-talc (PTC), PP-mica (PMC), and PP-talc/mica hybrid composites (PHC) were prepared. Results indicated that filler particle size, type, and content greatly influence the mechanical and rheological properties of the composites. Shear viscosity decreased with the increase in shear rate. At 40°C, an increase of approximately 120% in storage modulus ( E′) was observed in PMC composites. C parameter increased, whereas reinforcing efficiency ( r) decreased with the increase in filler loading. Percent elongation of each type of composites decreased with the increase in filler loading. Tensile modulus of PTC composite increased significantly by 103% (571 MPa) at 20% loading of talc, whereas for PHC and PMC composites, increase of 93% (543 MPa) and 81% (511 MPa) was observed. Flexural modulus also increased considerably by 88% (2413 MPa), 80% (2313 MPa), and 62% (2084 MPa) of PTC, PHC, and PMC composites at 20% filler loading.

Effect of Pre-Existing Martensite on Bainitic Transformation in Low-Temperature Bainite Steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 803-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Hui Guo ◽  
Ai Min Zhao ◽  
Zhu Kai Yin ◽  
Jia Xing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Completion Time ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Bainitic Transformation ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
Bainite Steel ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effect of different volume fractions of pre-existing martensite on the low-temperature bainitic transformation and microstructures was quantitatively analyzed by dilatometer, optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that pre-existing martensitic transformation accelerated the subsequent low-temperature bainitic transformation, and the incubation period and completion time of bainitic reaction were significantly shortened. This phenomenon was attributed to the increasing nucleation sites caused by the introduced dislocations in austenite due to the formation of pre-existing martensite. However, it was noteworthy that, because of the increased bainitic plates adjacent to the pre-existing martensitic plates, the probability of the impingement of bainitic plates during growth was increased, which resulted in a decrease in the maximum attainable volume fraction of bainite.

scholarly journals Properties and Characterization of Tamarind Nut Shell Powder Filled Jute and Hemp Fibers Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Felix Sahayaraj ◽  
M. Muthukrishnan ◽  
M. Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Properties And Characterization ◽  
Shell Powder

Abstract The main aim of this work is to investigate the effect of hybridization and the influence of tamarind nut shell powder (TNSP) on the properties and characterization of jute and hemp plant fibers reinforced composites by varying weight % of fibers. The composites are fabricated through the compression molding method and the properties such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, Shore-D hardness, void content, and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the hybrid composites are evaluated. The characterization studies such as Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, water absorption behavior and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis are also conducted. The results indicated that the hybrid composite samples 40:0 (jute: hemp) have the highest tensile, flexural, impact strengths as well as ILSS values. The void content of 20:20 (jute:hemp) composites was reduced owing to the good adhesion and compatibility of both the fibers with the matrix material.

scholarly journals Development and Assessment of Polyester Reinforced with Sansevieria Cylindrica/Zawa Flour Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
Ravindra Gandhi Manne ◽  
M. Ashok Kumar ◽  
V. Nikill Murthy ◽  
N. Karthikeyan ◽  
M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Clear Indication ◽  
Dsc Analysis ◽  
Polyester Matrix ◽  
Tga Analysis

This paper zero in on preparation of hybrid composites in which Polyester matrix filled with Sanseveria cylindrica fiber(SCF) and Zawa flour. SCF fiber was taken 10% volume constantly in all the samples. Camera ready samples were prepared using hand layup technique in which filler constituent proportions were taken by using rule of hybrid mixture (RoHM). The mail aim of the composites is to increase the tensile flexural, and impact strengths, TGA, DSC results by incorporating the filler. It was observed that, tensile strength was linearly increased up to 4wt.% zawa after that sudden falling was observed. On other hand, tensile modulus was increased linearly up to 5wt.% was the clear indication of addition of zawa imparts more stiffness to the composites. Flexural strength was increased up 3wt.% zawa flour after than it starts depreciating suddenly. Flexural modulus was increased linearly up to 3wt.% zawa four composites after that decreases. Impact strength was optimised at 4wt.% zawa flour after that it starts going down. In DSC analysis, for 3wt.% zawa flour composite registered good performance than the 2wt.%,whereas in TGA analysis 3wt.% composite was having good performance than 2wt.% zawa flour composites. Reasons attributed for increased glass transition temperature was due to the less moisture content or due to the deprived of void due to the good bonding strength

scholarly journals The Effect of Stacking Sequence of Woven Bamboo on Mechanical Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-604
Author(s):  
Aidy Ali ◽  
Kannan Rassiah ◽  
M.M.H Megat Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Stacking Sequence ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced

Natural fiber-reinforced composites are necessary to increase the use of polymer composite technology. This study investigates a specific type of bamboo species named Gigantochloa Scortechinii (Buluh Semantan), collected from the Bukit Larang Village in Melaka, Malaysia. Bamboo strips with average dimensions of 300 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm were weaved in plain-woven bamboo and divided into 2 to 6 laminate layers through 6 layers of E-glass epoxy subjected to the hand lay-up process to produce the hybrid composite. The hybrid composites were prepared in a stacking sequence of plain-woven bamboo and were characterized in their mechanical properties. The behaviors of the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength improved in the 2-layer laminated hybrid sequences. Still, the opposite trend was observed for the hardness value with the 6-layer laminated mixed sequences. The morphology scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results supported the findings of the mechanical properties, which demonstrated the interaction between the EP and fibers with the selected stacking sequence. The works give sound basis decisions to engineers to apply the Bamboo laminated composites in construction materials and building decoration.

Mechanical Characterization of Areca Fiber and Coconut Shell Powder Reinforced Hybrid Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 1034 ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
G. Kishore Chowdari ◽  
D.V.V. Krishna Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Fiber Loading ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Coconut Shell Powder ◽  
Shell Powder

The use of natural fibers in polymer matrix composites are increases because of their advantages like good stiffness, strength, environmental friendly, low cost and biodegradable. In the present investigation, hybrid fiber reinforced composites are fabricated using areca fiber and coconut shell powder (CSP) as reinforcement in epoxy resin. Unidirectional areca fiber and CSP reinforced epoxy composites were fabricated by varying the overall fiber loading (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt.%) and different weight ratios of areca fiber and CSP (1:1, 1:3, and 3:1). Effect of fiber loading and weight ratio on mechanical properties like tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), impact energy and surface hardness of hybrid composites were evaluate experimentally. All the hybrid composite samples fabrication and mechanical testing was done as per ASTM standards. The experimental investigation reveals that the tensile, flexural and ILSS properties show their maximum values at 30 wt.% of fiber loading with areca fiber and CSP weight ratio as 1:1. From the impact and hardness results it has been found that composites with areca fiber and CSP weight ratio as 3:1 and 1:1 respectively shows their maximum values at 40 wt.% of fiber loading. Interfacial analysis of the hybrid composites were also observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM).

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