Physical Properties of Cement-Sand Brick Made by Kenaf Core: Discovering the Optimal Formulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1041 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Nurul Aini Salehuddin ◽  
Mohd Fadzil Arshad ◽  
Zakiah Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Zaim Mohd Nor ◽  
Abdul Hadi Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Kenaf Core ◽  
Cellulosic Waste ◽  
Ratio Set ◽  
Quarry Dust

In this study, the effect of replacing the river sand with industrial waste and cellulosic waste was investigated. The cellulosic waste use in this study only focuses on kenaf core, while the industrial waste use in this study is quarry dust. The fine aggregate formulation is adjusted with a different percentage of kenaf core. While the quarry dust is fixed at 50% replacement level. The water-cement ratio set for the formulation is 0.75, and the cement-sand ratio fixes at 1:8. The physical properties are measured through compressive strength and density at 28 days. The result shows that 10% is the maximum replacement of sand with kenaf core to produced brick that using 50% of quarry dust. The compressive strength value of the 10% of kenaf core at 28 days is 8.16 N/mm2 while for density is 1830 kg/m3 at 28 days. All the result shows that kenaf core has the potential to be used as a lightweight fine aggregate. But kenaf core needs to combine with other materials that contribute to the strength.

scholarly journals Effects of Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Quarry Dust on Concrete Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O Ajamu ◽  
I.A Raheem ◽  
S.B Attah ◽  
J.O Onicha
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Stone Dust ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Quarry Dust

Natural river sand is one of the important constituent materials in concrete production while stone dust is a material obtained from crusher plants which is also sometimes being used either partially or fully in replacement of natural river sand in concrete production. Use of stone dust in concrete not only improves the quality of concrete but also conserve the natural river sand. However, due its scarcity and environmental degradation caused resulting from excessive mining of Natural river sand, there is need to investigate an alternative material of the same quality which can replace river sand in concrete production. In the present study, experiments were carried out to study the gradation of aggregates, workability, compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete made using quarry dust as replacement of fine aggregate at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%. Grade M15 of concrete was produced with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) for referral concrete while M25 of concrete was prepared for compressive strength and split tensile strength concrete. Workability and Compressive strength were determined at different replacement level of fine aggregate and optimum replacement level was determined based on compressive strength. Results showed that by replacing 50% of fine aggregate with quarry dust, concrete of maximum compressive strength can be produced as compared to all other replacement levels. The effect of quarry dust on compressive strength and split tensile strength was investigated and from the overall result obtained, it was observed that the compressive strength and split tensile strength increased significantly for all the curing ages from 0% to 50% replacement level of quarry dust. Maximum value obtained for 28day compressive and tensile strength were 25N/mm2 and 2.3N/mm2 respectively and this occurred at 50% replacement.

Water Penetration Resistance of Green Concrete Incorporating with Quarry Wastes

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 619-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suppachai Sinthaworn ◽  
Wasan Teerajetgul ◽  
Attasit Sirivachiraporn
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Green Concrete ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Water To Cement Ratio ◽  
Quarry Dust

In this study, the workability, the compressive strength and the water penetration depth under pressure for concrete incorporate with quarry waste as fine aggregate were investigated. The mix proportions of concrete were set into two classes of water to cement ratio (w/c = 0.4, 0.6). The first class (C1), the mix proportion is 1.0:0.6:2.0:4.0 (Cement: Water: Fine: Coarse). And the second class (C2), the mix proportion is 1.0:0.4:1.5:3.0 and adding the superplasticizer 1% of cement weight. The natural river sand, which use in concrete, was partially replaced by quarry dust at the rates of 0% (no quarry dust), 50% and 100 % by weight of fine aggregate. The results show that concrete containing quarry wastes as fine aggregate decreased the workability and do not significantly affect the 28-day compressive strength whereas concrete incorporating with quarry dusts reduces the water penetration depth.

scholarly journals Optimization of Concrete Made with Abakaliki Quarry Dust as Fine Aggregate Using Scheffe’s Optimization Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 115-128
Author(s):  
Chijioke Chiemela ◽  
Peter C. Okoye ◽  
Pius C. Nwosu ◽  
O. Mong Oke ◽  
Christian N. Ohakwe
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Structural Failures ◽  
Quarry Dust

In recent years, Nigeria has witness rapid development especially in the area of infrastructural development like roads, bridges, buildings etc. The conventional methods used in concrete mixing have its own peculiar problems, like time wasting, material wasting and errors. These problems have been the cause of structural failures which has given rise to loss of life and properties. Hence the need to development a method that will take care of all these anomalies witness in the conventional method. This work is aim at removing these anomalies by the use of Scheffes optimization method. This optimization method can predict the compressive strength of a concrete given the mix ratios and also predict the mix ratios required to give a compressive strength for a particular concrete made by completely replacing river sand with quarry dust. With this method it will be easy to predict the compressive strength of concrete based on the type of structure it is to be used for, there by eliminating the problems associated with structural collapse due to errors in concrete mixing by conventional method

Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Materials like Industrial Waste & Rice Husk with Clay Mortar

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1583-1587
Author(s):  
Vrishabh V. Zirange
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Durability Test ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
History Of Construction ◽  
White Clay

Abstract: Ancient peoples were used mud mortar for their stone houses. The result was a stone home that was both solid and warm and lasted for lifetimes. Mud made houses creates wonderful warm houses as compared to concrete made houses. In the history of construction, clay mortar was followed by lime mortar. Cement manufacturing is one of the major contributors in global warming and climate change. Also fine aggregate is the natural resource and it is limited in nature, thus industrial sand can be alternative for fine aggregate. We are going to use PPC cement because PPC cement resist sulphate attack more than OPC cement and also it is quite cheap. The setting time of the PPC cement is more than OPC cement but when it settled completely then it gives more strength more than OPC cement. Also they used river sand in there project and nowadays there is shortage of river sand that’s why we are going to use foundry sand partially replacement with sand. Foundry sand is a industrial waste sand so we can save money by using foundry sand. The mortar with the alternative fine aggregate, mixed with different combinations of binding materials. We take White clay to River sand proportion as 1:1. In that we partially replace white clay with PPC cement and in other hand River sand partially replaced with Industrial waste(Foundry sand) and also with Rice husk and that mix proportions was tested for 28 days Compressive strength & after curing of 28 days ,cubes cured in acid & alkali solution for Durability strength. The mortar with 20% PPC cement + 80% white clay & 40% foundry sand + 60% river sand (proportion of white clay to river sand is 1:1) has compressive strength in the range of 4.38MPa (Compressive strength) & 4.42Mpa (Compressive strength after Durability test) and these mixes compared with 1:6 conventional mortar proportion, which is acceptable as per the IS code 2250-1981 specification, the minimum strength requirement of mortar to be 3 MPa. Therefore, the use of stabilized mud mortar in construction would prove to be sustainable as well economical. Keywords: Mud mortar, Foundry sand, PPC cement, Compressive strength, Durability test.

scholarly journals Replacement of Sand by Quarry Dust in Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 1043-1045
Author(s):  
Suraj V Borsare
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Quarry Dust

The role of quarry dust in the construction of building and other structures to eliminate the demand of nature sand by using quarry waste to replace the use of natural sand. We are investigating the potential of using quarry waste and its effect on the strength and workability of concrete. Initially cement concrete cube was studied with various proportion of cement concrete +quarry dust (M20 & M25). The experimental result showed that the additional of quarry dust as fine aggregate ratio of 30%, 40% and 50% was found to enhance the compressive properties. The compressive strength of concrete cubes at the age of 7 and 28 days were obtained at room temperature. These raw materials of concrete, i.e., river sand and gravel, are also struggling to cope with the rapidly growing demand in many areas around the globe. The sources of good quality river sand and gravel are depleting very fast. According to United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) report, “Sand-rarer than one thinks”, published in March2014, sand and gravel has now become the most widely used natural resource on the planet after water. These are now being extracted at a rate far greater than their renewal. Crushed sands, fine aggregate produced from stone crushing, has become very popular in areas where natural sand is not abundantly available or where there is scarcity in the supply of natural sand. The Mumbai-Pune express highway was a project, where there is a difficulty in procurement of natural sand. This made the construction company to use crushed sand for making approximately 20 lakh cum of concrete necessary for the construction. However, such type of sands contains a large amount of micro-fines, i.e., particles finer than 75 microns, which can have an adverse effect on properties of concrete. So proportioning of different raw materials at the time of mix design is very important, when crushed sand is used in concrete The availability of sand at low cost as a fine aggregate in concrete is not suitable and that is the reason to search for an alternative material. Quarry dust satisfies the reason behind the alternative material as a substitute for sand at very low costIt is found that 40% replacement of fine aggregate by quarry dust gives maximum result in strength than normal concrete and then decreases from 50%. The compressive strength is quantified for varying percentage and grades of concrete by replacement of sand with quarry dust.

scholarly journals Comparing the Compressive Strengths of Concrete Made with River Sand and Quarry Dust as Fine Aggregates

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 179-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chijioke Chiemela ◽  
Igwegbe Walter ◽  
Ibearugbulem Ogedi ◽  
Okoye Peter ◽  
Oke Mong
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Total Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Fear ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Quarry Dust

Nowadays development of infrastructures is becoming number one priority in the world, particularly in the developing countries. So there are great demands within the construction industries for river sand as fine aggregate used in the production of concrete. This has created a very difficult situation; the cost of river sand has increased and also there is great fear from environmentalist and ecologist that in the future there may be scarcity of river sand and the environment and the ecology will be distorted. Hence, the need to find materials which are affordable and available to partially or totally replaced river sand in the production of concrete. This work is focused on the use of quarry dust as a total replacement to river sand in the production of concrete, and comparing the results (compressive strength) to that obtained from conversional concrete made with river sand

scholarly journals Compression and Split Tensile Characteristics of Concrete Containing Quarry Residues

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Research Facility ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Substitute Material ◽  
Quarry Dust

Waterway sand and pit sand are the most normally utilized fine aggregates for concrete creation in many parts of the world. Huge scale extraction of these materials presents genuine ecological risk in numerous parts of the nation. Aside from the ecological danger, there still exists the issue of intense lack in many regions. In this way, substitute material in place of river sand for concrete production should be considered. The paper means to examine the compressive and split tensile qualities of concrete produced using quarry residue, sand, and a blend of sand and quarry dust. The experimentation is absolutely research facility based. A total of 60 concrete cubes of size 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm, and 60 cylinders 150 mm in diameter and 300 mm deep, conforming to M50 grade were casted. All the samples were cured and tested with a steady water/concrete proportion of 0.31. Out of the 60 blocks cast, 20 each were made out of natural river sand, quarry dust and an equivalent blend of sand and quarry dust. It was discovered that the compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete produced using the blend of quarry residue and sand was higher than the compressive qualities of concrete produced using 100% sand and 100% quarry dust.

scholarly journals Comparison of Conventional Concrete and Replacement of River Sand by Waste Foundry Sand and Cement by Nano-Silica

2020 ◽  
pp. 201-205
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the properties of concrete in which like cement is partially replacing by used nano silica and is partially replacing by used waste foundry sand. Because now a day the world wide consumption of sand as cement and as fine aggregate in concrete production is very high. Nano silica and waste foundry sand are major by product of casting industry and create land pollution. The cement will be replaced with nano silica and the river sand will be replaced with waste foundry sand (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%). This experimental investigation was done and found out that with the increase in the nano silica and waste foundry sand ratio. Compression test has been done to find out the compressive strength of concrete at the age of 7, 14, 21, and 28. Test result indicates in increasing compressive strength of plain concrete by inclusion of nano silica as a partial replacement of cement and waste foundry sand as a partial replacement of fine aggregate.

scholarly journals COMPARING THE FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF CONCRETE MADE WITH RIVER SAND WITH THAT MADE WITH QUARRY DUST AS FINE AGGREGATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-460
Author(s):  
Chijioke C ◽  
Nwaiwu ◽  
Aginam ◽  
Anyadiegwu
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Target Strength ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Quarry Dust ◽  
Good Substitute

This work focuses on the 100% replacement of river sand with quarry dust in the production of concrete. Two types of concrete were produced (concrete made with river sand and that made with quarry dust as fine aggregate), the concretes produces were cast into beams and cured for 28 days. The flexural strengths of the concrete beams cast was determine at 28 day strength. At 28 days target strength the maximum flexural strength of concrete made with river sand as fine aggregate is 5.375111N/mm2 and minimum flexural strength is 2.2155N/mm2, for the concrete made with quarry dust as fine aggregate the maximum flexural strength is 2.567 N/mm2. The maximum value of 2.567 N/mm2 for concrete made with quarry dust as fine aggregate is higher than the minimum value of 2.2155N/mm2 for concrete made with river sand as fine aggregate. With this result it shows that quarry dust is a good substitute to river sand in the production of concrete.

scholarly journals Study on Compressive Strength of Quarry Dust as Fine Aggregate in Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Shyam Prakash ◽  
Ch. Hanumantha Rao
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Quarry Dust

The concept of replacement of natural fine aggregate by quarry dust which is highlighted in the study could boost the consumption of quarry dust generated from quarries. By replacement of quarry dust, the requirement of land fill area can be reduced and can also solve the problem of natural sand scarcity. The availability of sand at low cost as a fine aggregate in concrete is not suitable and that is the reason to search for an alternative material. Quarry dust satisfies the reason behind the alternative material as a substitute for sand at very low cost. It even causes burden to dump the crusher dust at one place which causes environmental pollution. From the results of experimental investigations conducted, it is concluded that the quarry dust can be used as a replacement for fine aggregate. It is found that 40% replacement of fine aggregate by quarry dust gives maximum result in strength than normal concrete and then decreases from 50%. The compressive strength is quantified for varying percentage and grades of concrete by replacement of sand with quarry dust.

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