Characterization of New Bone Constituted at the Interface with Implant by Synchrotron Radiation

2010 ◽  
Vol 652 ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Abdelilah Benmarouane ◽  
Helene Citterio-Bigot ◽  
Pierre Millet ◽  
Thomas Buslaps ◽  
Alain Lodini
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Commercial Success ◽  
Natural Bone ◽  
Orthopedic Applications

Technology developments of implant composition and manufacture have been used in the medical field. Several different implants have been developed with varying degrees of commercial success. As a long-term establishment is a measure of the therapeutic success, it is necessary to use biocompatible implants in order to have good mechanical and fracture resistance of new bone reconstructed at the interface with the implant. Titanium (Ti-Al-4V) implants coated with hydroxyapatite (HAp), Ca10 (PO4)6 (OH)2 are widely used in orthopedic applications in order to obtain a stable and functional direct connection between the bone and the implant. At the implant-bone interface the new bone reconstituted after implantation must have the same orientation as the natural bone in order to accept the implant. Therefore we studied the texture and the crystallinity of the new bone crystals reconstituted at the interface applying by high-energy synchrotron radiation on beamline ID15 at ESRF in Grenoble, France.

Simulation and Evaluation of Residual Stress in Bone at the Interface with Implant

2011 ◽  
Vol 681 ◽  
pp. 315-320
Author(s):  
Abdelilah Benmarouane ◽  
Yeting Shi ◽  
Bastien Mireux ◽  
Thomas Buslaps ◽  
Alain Lodini
Keyword(s):  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Natural Bone ◽  
Simulation And Evaluation ◽  
Non Destructive

The use of the implants has become current since 1930. With the improvement of technology, titanium alloy coated with nano-hydroxyapatite has been used in the medical field. As a long-term establishment is a meter of the therapeutic success, it is necessary to use biocompatible implants in order to have good mechanical and fracture resistance at the interface bone-implant. In orthopaedic surgery Titanium (Ti-Al-4V) implants are currently coated with hydroxyapatite (HAp), Ca10 (PO4)6 (OH)2, in order to obtain a stable and functional direct connection between the bone and the implant. At the implant-bone interface the new bone reconstituted after implantation must have the same mechanicals properties as the natural bone in order to accept the implant. Therefore we studied the residuals stresses of the new bone crystals reconstituted at the interface applying non destructive x-ray diffraction and using finite element analysis in order to compare the results.

3-Dimensional Characterization of Polycrystalline Bulk Materials Using High-Energy Synchrotron Radiation

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 2353-2358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Lienert ◽  
Jonathan Almer ◽  
Bo Jakobsen ◽  
Wolfgang Pantleon ◽  
Henning Friis Poulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Reciprocal Space Mapping ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Individual Grains

The implementation of 3-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction (3DXRD) Microscopy at the Advanced Photon Source is described. The technique enables the non-destructive structural characterization of polycrystalline bulk materials and is therefore suitable for in situ studies during thermo-mechanical processing. High energy synchrotron radiation and area detectors are employed. First, a forward modeling approach for the reconstruction of grain boundaries from high resolution diffraction images is described. Second, a high resolution reciprocal space mapping technique of individual grains is presented.

3-Dimensional Characterization of Polycrystalline Bulk Materials Using High-Energy Synchrotron Radiation

2007 ◽  
pp. 2353-2358
Author(s):  
Ulrich Lienert ◽  
Jon Almer ◽  
Bo Jakobsen ◽  
Wolfgang Pantleon ◽  
Henning Friis Poulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
3 Dimensional

Characterization of TAPE-Gelatin as a Potential Bioadhesive

2020 ◽  
Vol 833 ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Angelica Aira A. Ayalin ◽  
Bernell Merwyn S. Go ◽  
Gail Edselle S. Reyes ◽  
Terence Tumolva
Keyword(s):  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Hernia Sac ◽  
New Class ◽  
New Material ◽  
Medical Adhesive

Bioadhesives have much potential in the medical field as an alternative to sutures in internal surgery. They are easier to use and have better long-term results. Improvement of a new class of adhesives, tannic acid-polyethylene glycol (TAPE), was done by mixing it with gelatin, since it was found that TAPE alone could not be applied to certain internal applications like in inguinal hernia. It failed to close a fresh inguinal hernia sac. Characterization tests were done on the new material, TAPE-gelatin, which proved to have a tissue adhesion strength of 0.41 MPa which is 5 times greater than fibrin glue, good blood biocompatibility with blood clotting index of 97.46%, burst pressure strength that can withstand 1000 mL that is 10 times more than the volume in the peritoneal cavity, and cheaper, with a production cost of Php28.50, than commercially available bioadhesives, which can reach up to Php2,000 – Php30,000 per application. With its desirable properties, cheaper production cost, and large potential for scalability, TAPE-gelatin as a new candidate for medical adhesive was established.

Effect of Coating with Hydroxyapatite on the Bonding of Bone to Implant

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 1661-1666
Author(s):  
Abdelilah Benmarouane ◽  
Pierre Millet ◽  
Thomas Buslaps ◽  
Alain Lodini ◽  
Veijo Honkimäki
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Natural Bone ◽  
Non Destructive

The aim of the present study was to study the interface implant-bone by synchrotron radiation, the implant has two faces the first one coated with hydroxyapatite and the second uncoated. In orthopaedic surgery, Titanium (Ti-Al-4V) implants are currently coated with hydroxyapatite (HAp), Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, in order to obtain a stable and functional direct connection between the bone and the implant. At the implant-bone interface, the new bone reconstituted after two months of implantation must have the same properties like the natural bone in order to accept the implant. Therefore we studied the texture of the reconstituted bone crystals at the interface applying non destructive x-ray diffraction. The required high spatial resolution was achieved utilizing high-energy synchrotron radiation on ID15 at ESRF in Grenoble, France.

scholarly journals The nature of Pu-bearing particles from the Maralinga nuclear testing site, Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Cook ◽  
Barbara Etschmann ◽  
Rahul Ram ◽  
Konstantin Ignatyev ◽  
Gediminas Gervinskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hot Particles ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Scale Characterization ◽  
Testing Site ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractThe high-energy release of plutonium (Pu) and uranium (U) during the Maralinga nuclear trials (1955–1963) in Australia, designed to simulate high temperature, non-critical nuclear accidents, resulted in wide dispersion µm-sized, radioactive, Pu–U-bearing ‘hot’ particles that persist in soils. By combining non-destructive, multi-technique synchrotron-based micro-characterization with the first nano-scale imagining of the composition and textures of six Maralinga particles, we find that all particles display intricate physical and chemical make-ups consistent with formation via condensation and cooling of polymetallic melts (immiscible Fe–Al–Pu–U; and Pb ± Pu–U) within the detonation plumes. Plutonium and U are present predominantly in micro- to nano-particulate forms, and most hot particles contain low valence Pu–U–C compounds; these chemically reactive phases are protected by their inclusion in metallic alloys. Plutonium reworking was observed within an oxidised rim in a Pb-rich particle; however overall Pu remained immobile in the studied particles, while small-scale oxidation and mobility of U is widespread. It is notoriously difficult to predict the long-term environmental behaviour of hot particles. Nano-scale characterization of the hot particles suggests that long-term, slow release of Pu from the hot particles may take place via a range of chemical and physical processes, likely contributing to on-going Pu uptake by wildlife at Maralinga.

scholarly journals Characterization of Cerebral Energetics and Brain pH by 31P Spectroscopy after Graded Canine Cardiac Arrest and Bypass Reperfusion

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard B. Martin ◽  
Richard M. Nowak ◽  
Norman Paradis ◽  
Jack Rosenberg ◽  
Dean Walton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Energy State ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Neurologic Outcome ◽  
High Energy Phosphates ◽  
Brain Ph ◽  
Similar Assessment

Recovery of cerebral energy metabolism is used to indicate CNS viability after ischemia. This study utilized 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to measure cerebral energy state and intracellular pH in dogs subjected to 8, 12, or 16 min of cardiac arrest and reperfusion using cardiopulmonary bypass. Spectra were obtained throughout ischemia and initial reperfusion and repeated at 30 and 144 h post ischemia. Neurologic deficit scoring was performed at 12 and 24 h post insult and then daily. High-energy phosphates were depleted by the end of all ischemic intervals. Recovery occurred within 60 min of reperfusion and persisted with no differences in the rate of return between groups (p > 0.05). Brain pH (pHb) decreased by the end of ischemia in all groups (p < 0.0001). Neither the pHb nadir nor its recovery differed between groups (p > 0.05). Although long-term neurologic outcome differed between groups, the spectra were similar. Assessment of cerebral energy state using 31P NMR spectroscopy does not appear to be a sensitive indicator of neurologic outcome after global ischemia in dogs. Return of high-energy phosphates may be a necessary but not sufficient condition for cerebral recovery after ischemia. The return of high-energy phosphates after a 16-min cardiac arrest, however, indicates a potential for neurological recovery.

Characterization of New Generations of Implants at the Interface with Bone by Synchrotron Radiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
Abdelilah Benmarouane ◽  
Hélène Citterio ◽  
Pierre Millet ◽  
Thomas Buslaps ◽  
Alain Lodini
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
Bone Interface ◽  
Natural Bone

The aim of this work was to study the implant-bone interface by synchrotron radiation in order to show the evolution of the crystallites of hydroxyapatite (Hap) reconstituted at the interface with the implant. The implant used an orthopaedic surgery is the Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), the implants are currently coated with (HAp), Ca10 (PO4)6 (OH)2, in order to obtain a stable and functional direct connection between the bone and the implant. In this work, two implants have been used, the first one coated with HAp and the second uncoated. At the implant-bone interface, the new bone reconstituted after two months of implantation must have the same properties like the natural bone in order to accept the implant. Therefore we studied the crytallinity index and texture of the new bone crystals reconstituted at the interface using synchrotron radiation on ID15 at ESRF in Grenoble, France.

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