Quantitative Phase Analysis of Al-Mg-Li and Al-Cu-Li Alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 794-796 ◽  
pp. 915-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Betsofen ◽  
Mihail Chizhikov
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Relative Phase ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Phase Ratio ◽  
Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽  
Balance Equations ◽  
Percentage Ratio

On the basis of the balance equations of chemical and phase composition of the Al-Mg-Li and Al-Cu-Li alloys developed a method of determining the amount of intermetallic phases from the experimentally measured value of the lattice parameter of α-solid solution. In alloys of Al-Mg (Cu)-Li the relative phase ratio of the δ'(Al3Li) and S1(T1) are determined by the atomic percentage ratio of the Li and Mg (Cu).

Quantitative Phase Analysis of Aluminium-Lithium Alloys

2016 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
Sergey Betsofen ◽  
Vladislav Antipov ◽  
Maxim Knyazev ◽  
Margarita Dolgova
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽  
Balance Equations ◽  
Δ Phase ◽  
Chemical And Phase Compositions ◽  
Lithium Alloys

A quantitative approach to the determination of the phase composition in the Al-Mg (Cu)-Li alloys has been developed on the basis of the balance equations of chemical and phase compositions as well as the lattice parameter measurement of the α solid solution. It is shown that, for the Al-Mg (Cu)-Li alloys, the ratio between the fractions of the δ' (Al3Li) and S1 (T1) phases is determined by the ratio between the molar fractions of Li and Mg (Cu). By means of this technique it is shown that in Al-Cu-Li alloys the proportion of δ'-phase is much higher than ternary T1-phase, and the proportion of δ'-phase and a ternary phase (S1) are approximately equal in alloys of Al-Mg-Li system. The equations for the calculation of the contents of the S1 (Al2MgLi), T1 (Al2CuLi) and δ' (Al3Li) phases in the 1420, 1424, 5090 alloys (Al-Mg-Li alloys) and in the 1440, 1441, 1450, 1460, 1461, 1464, 1469, 2050, 2090, 2091, 2094, 2098, 2099, 2195, 2198, 2199, 2297, 8090 (alloys (Al-Cu-Li alloys) are given.

scholarly journals The Effect of High-Intensity Electron Beam on the Crystal Structure, Phase Composition, and Properties of Al–Si Alloys with Different Silicon Content

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-157
Author(s):  
D. V. Zaguliaev ◽  
S. V. Konovalov ◽  
Yu. F. Ivanov ◽  
V. E. Gromov ◽  
V. V. Shlyarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Crystal Lattice ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Crystal Lattice Parameter ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Modified Layer

The study deals with the element–phase composition, microstructure evolution, crystal-lattice parameter, and microdistortions as well as the size of the coherent scattering region in the Al–10.65Si–2.11Cu and Al–5.39Si–1.33Cu alloys irradiated with the high-intensity electron beam. As revealed by the methods of x-ray phase analysis, the principal phases in untreated alloys are the aluminium-based solid solution, silicon, intermetallics, and Fe2Al9Si2 phase. In addition, the Cu9Al4 phase is detected in Al–10.65Si–2.11Cu alloy. Processing alloys with the pulsed electron beam induces the transformation of lattice parameters of Al–10.65Si–2.11Cu (aluminium-based solid solution) and Al–5.39Si–1.33Cu (Al1 and Al2 phases). The reason for the crystal-lattice parameter change in the Al–10.65Si–2.11Cu and Al–5.39Si–1.33Cu alloys is suggested to be the changing concentration of alloying elements in the solid solution of these phases. As established, if a density of electron beam is of 30 and 50 J/cm2, the silicon and intermetallic compounds dissolve in the modified layer. The state-of-the-art methods of the physical materials science made possible to establish the formation of a layer with a nanocrystalline structure of the cell-type crystallization because of the material surface irradiation. The thickness of a modified layer depends on the parameters of the electron-beam treatment and reaches maximum of 90 µm at the energy density of 50 J/cm2. According to the transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopy data, the silicon particles occupy the cell boundaries. Such changes in the structural and phase states of the materials response on their mechanical characteristics. To characterize the surface properties, the microhardness, wear parameter, and friction coefficient values are determined directly on the irradiated surface for all modification variants. As shown, the irradiation of the material surface with an intensive electron beam increases wear resistance and microhardness of the Al–10.65Si–2.11Cu and Al–5.39Si–1.33Cu alloys.

scholarly journals Influence of the nano-WC content and Sintering Temperature on the Phase Composition of Hard Alloys in the System TiC–WC–VC–NiCr

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-502
Author(s):  
S. Pukas ◽  
L. Zinko ◽  
N. German ◽  
R. Gladyshevskii ◽  
I. V. Koval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Technological Factor ◽  
Hard Alloys ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Binder

The effect of the WC content and the sintering temperature, as the main technological factor, on the phase composition of TiC–xWC–5VC–18NiCr alloys was investigated by X-ray phase analysis. It was established that the main phases in the investigated alloys were the NaCl-type quaternary (Ti,V,W)C phase and a solid solution of Cr in Ni. Depending on the size of the WC particles used for the preparation, the metal binder could be described by the formula Ni0.75Cr0.25 (for nano WC) or Ni0.5Cr0.5 (for fine-sized WC). In alloys prepared with fine-sized WC, elementary Cr and traces of the Cr3C2 and Cr23C6 were also found. With increasing content of nano-sized WC and sintering temperature the solubility of W in (Ti,V)C increased. No W2C phase was detected under the conditions of the investigation.

Investigations into the phase composition of zirconia-based sinters with an axial texture

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 769-775
Author(s):  
J. Podwórny ◽  
M. Staszewski ◽  
Józef Wojsa
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Crystallographic Orientation ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Mechanical Stresses ◽  
Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽  
Solid Samples ◽  
Statistical Point ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Quantitative Phase

Owing to the phase transition of the tetragonal form of ZrO2into the monoclinic one, caused by mechanical stresses, preparation of powder samples for quantitative phase analysis by the X-ray diffraction method should be avoided. The process of grinding of zirconia sinters leads to considerable changes in their phase composition. For this reason, a quantitative phase analysis should be conducted on solid samples not subjected to mechanical stresses, irrespective of problems appearing during experiments and analysis. One such problem is preferred crystallographic orientation (texture). This paper describes the influence of a preferred crystallographic orientation on the quantitative phase analysis conducted on solid samples and presents the results of an analysis in which corrections for uniaxial and multiaxial textures were applied. It was found that the examined samples had a very weak but nonzero multiaxial texture. The share of the randomly oriented fraction in the examined sinters was determined to beca94 vol.% and the share of the textured fractionca6 vol.%. From the statistical point of view, in the case of small amounts of the textured fraction, a correction on one distinguished crystallographic plane can overcome this problem. In the case of the slightly textured sinters of metering nozzles subjected to investigation here, the correction related to all the unique directions was statistically insignificant because the textured part corresponds to only a small volume fraction. However, corrections related to all texture axes considerably improve the fit of the calculated X-ray pattern with the experimental one and help to better characterize the examined materials.

scholarly journals Влияние высоких давлений на формирование новых соединений в сплаве Al-=SUB=-86-=/SUB=-Ni-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Со-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=-Gd-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=--=SUP=--=SUP=-*-=/SUP=--=/SUP=-

2022 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
С.Г. Меньшикова ◽  
В.В. Бражкин
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Supersaturated Solid Solution ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Shrinkage Cavities

Abstract The structure, elemental and phase composition of the eutectic alloy Al86Ni2Со6Gd6 (hereinafter referred to as at.%) During the solidification of the melt from 1500oC at a rate of 1000oC/s under high pressure of 3 and 7 GPa have been investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis and electron microscopy. Solidification of the melt under high pressure leads to a change in the phase composition of the alloy and the formation of an anomalously supersaturated solid solution of α-Al (Gd). At a pressure of 7 GPa, new phases were synthesized: Al3Gd * (like Al3U) containing Co and Ni, with a primitive cube structure (cP4/2) with a lattice parameter a = 4.285 ± 0.002 Angstrem and Al8Co4Gd * (like Al8Cr4Gd) with a tetragonal structure (tI26/1) with parameters a = 8.906 ± 0.003 Angstrem and c = 5.150 ± 0.003 Angstrem. The structure of all the samples obtained is homogeneous, dense, finely dispersed, without shrinkage cavities and pores. The average microhardness of the samples is high due to solid solution and precipitation hardening.

High-Temperature Instability of A Cr2Nb-Nb(Cr) Microlaminate Composite

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
M. Larsen ◽  
R.G. Rowe ◽  
D.W. Skelly
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Microstructural Stability ◽  
Elevated Temperature Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bcc Structure

Microlaminate composites consisting of alternating layers of a high temperature intermetallic compound for elevated temperature strength and a ductile refractory metal for toughening may have uses in aircraft engine turbines. Microstructural stability at elevated temperatures is a crucial requirement for these composites. A microlaminate composite consisting of alternating layers of Cr2Nb and Nb(Cr) was produced by vapor phase deposition. The stability of the layers at elevated temperatures was investigated by cross-sectional TEM.The as-deposited composite consists of layers of a Nb(Cr) solid solution with a composition in atomic percent of 91% Nb and 9% Cr. It has a bcc structure with highly elongated grains. Alternating with this Nb(Cr) layer is the Cr2Nb layer. However, this layer has deposited as a fine grain Cr(Nb) solid solution with a metastable bcc structure and a lattice parameter about half way between that of pure Nb and pure Cr. The atomic composition of this layer is 60% Cr and 40% Nb. The interface between the layers in the as-deposited condition appears very flat (figure 1). After a two hour, 1200 °C heat treatment, the metastable Cr(Nb) layer transforms to the Cr2Nb phase with the C15 cubic structure. Grain coarsening occurs in the Nb(Cr) layer and the interface between the layers roughen. The roughening of the interface is a prelude to an instability of the interface at higher heat treatment temperatures with perturbations of the Cr2Nb grains penetrating into the Nb(Cr) layer.

scholarly journals Corrosion Assessment of a Weathering Steel Bridge Structure after 30 Years of Service

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3788
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Królikowska ◽  
Leszek Komorowski ◽  
Izabela Kunce ◽  
Damian Wojda ◽  
Katarzyna Zacharuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Product Layer ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Bridge Engineering ◽  
Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽  
Weathering Steel ◽  
Steel Bridge ◽  
Structural Problems

The first steel with improved resistance towards atmospheric corrosion, the so-called weathering steel, was patented in the USA in 1933 and was initially used for coal railway cars, and after that, in building and bridge engineering. Weathering steels show higher corrosion resistance than carbon steels in many types of atmosphere due to their ability to form a compact, stable, adherent and protective patina during the time of exposure. Morphological evaluation of the appearance of the corrosion product layer, together with phase analysis of its components, can enable determination of the type of patina and the degree of protection of the steel. To support the visual assessment of a patina, a check based on the qualitative and quantitative phase analysis of its components may be carried out, and the PAI (Protective Ability Index) can be calculated. The estimation of the corrosion processes on original Polish-made weathering steel (12HNNbA) was carried out on a 30-year-old bridge in Poland. There are some structural problems within the deck derived not only from corrosion but also steel cracking, both inside and outside the boxes, at different heights. Fourteen representative samples of patina were analysed and their phase structures were determined by the X-ray powder diffraction method. The PAIs were determined and analysed.

scholarly journals Challenges of Mechanochemistry: Is In Situ Real-Time Quantitative Phase Analysis Always Reliable? A Case Study of Organic Salt Formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1700132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam A. L. Michalchuk ◽  
Ivan A. Tumanov ◽  
Sumit Konar ◽  
Simon A. J. Kimber ◽  
Colin R. Pulham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Organic Salt ◽  
Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽  
Salt Formation ◽  
Quantitative Phase
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