Banana Aqueous Extract as a Potential Addition to Clay Ceramics

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 246-250
Author(s):  
Mariane Costalonga de Aguiar ◽  
Lara Pessin Rodrigues ◽  
Flaviane Helena Guedes ◽  
Jonas Alexandre ◽  
Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
The State ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Ceramic Structure ◽  
Major Nutrients ◽  
Clay Ceramics ◽  
Structural Blocks

Clays mined in the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, are basically kaolinitic with refractory behavior. Sintering of these clays for the fabrication of red ceramic products such as bricks, tiles and structural blocks usually requires addition of fluxing agents to consolidate the ceramic structure. The banana plant has potassium as one of its major nutrients, which exists in a relatively higher amount associated with the plant lignocellulosic constitution. Since potassium compounds are also fluxing agents for clay ceramics, the present work evaluates the effect of an aqueous extract obtained from the banana plant, for plastic behavior, into a clayey mixture before firing at conventional temperatures of 700 and 900°C. The results of this banana aqueous extract addition revealed that, within standard deviations of the evaluated properties, there was no apparent improvement but only a slightly tendency of undesirable increase in the ceramic linear shrinkage at 900°C firing temperature.

Resistance to Synthetic Seawater Aggression of Clay Ceramics Incorporated with an Ornamental Stone Residue

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo de Castro Xavier ◽  
Jonas Alexandre ◽  
Paulo César de Almeida Maia ◽  
Fernando Saboya Albuquerque ◽  
Leonardo Gonçalves Pedroti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Synthetic Seawater ◽  
Internal Expansion ◽  
Ornamental Stone ◽  
Clay Ceramics ◽  
Chloride Salts

Clay ceramic materials exposed to a marine environment may be subjected to complete degradation due to the presence of chloride salts in the air. The exposition allows the chloride to penetrate in structural pores causing an internal expansion, which eventually split the ceramic apart. In open air, the solar radiation as well as the rain and wind contribute to accelerate the degradation process. In the present work the laboratory assisted degradation of clay ceramics incorporated with a granite residue from ornamental stone processing was evaluated by synthetic seawater aggression according to standard procedure. The amount of incorporated residues, up to 10 wt % and the ceramic firing temperature, up to 900°C, were variable conditions statistically analyzed by factorial planning. Degradation wetting-drying tests were conducted up to 6 months. The results showed that the linear shrinkage of the residue-free ceramics do not stabilize during the test period for any firing temperature. By contrast, the residue-incorporated ceramics tend to stabilize after 4 months. In addition, a decrease in water absorption and flexural strength was observed in same speciemens.

Influence of Firing Temperature on the Behavior of Clay Ceramics Incorporated with Elephant Grass Ash

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 526-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Marcia Ferreira Dias da Silva ◽  
Rosane Toledo ◽  
Veronica Scarpini Candido ◽  
Sergio Neves Monteiro ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Ceramics

The microstructural and technological properties of clay ceramic incorporated with 10 and 20 wt% of elephant grass ashes were investigated at different firing temperatures of 650, 850 and 1050oC. X-ray diffraction were used to obtain the minerals and phase compositions. The microstructure was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The technical properties related to water absorption, linear shrinkage and flexural rupture strength were obtained by standard test. The results showed significant changes in the microstructure and phasic composition with increasing firing temperature. A marked improvement in the water absorption, decreasing to 18% as well as increase in strength, above 5 MPa, was found at 1050°C. However, only a slight contribution might be attributed to the incorporation of elephant grass ash. Nevertheless, its use as a by-product and the associated saving in clay are relevant environmental and economical advantages.

scholarly journals Microstructural characterization of ceramic artifacts made using the raku technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e6910917755
Author(s):  
Wilton Antônio Machado Junior ◽  
Maria Gabriela Araujo Ranieri ◽  
Rosinei Batista Ribeiro ◽  
Jorge Luiz Rosa ◽  
Adilson da Silva Mello
Keyword(s):  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Ceramics ◽  
The City ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study was carried out at the atelier “Adamas”, located in the city of Cunha, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The objective is to characterize the physical and mechanical properties of ceramics made using the raku technique in the Adamas atelier. As a methodology, the specimens were submitted to the following tests: Scanning Electron     Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS), mass loss and linear shrinkage. It was observed that the specimens were mainly composed of silicon and aluminum, which is typical of ceramics made with kaolinitic clays, possessing a plastic behavior for molding and after firing refractory. Therefore, ceramic artifacts made through the raku technique have typical chemical and physical characteristics of clay ceramics, proper adhesion of the glaze even when there are crackles originated purposely from the process, which causes the artistic artifact appropriate characteristics for use and appreciation.

scholarly journals Characterization of clay deposit in the central region of Piauí for use in the ceramic industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelson Silva de Almeida ◽  
Roberto Arruda Lima Soares ◽  
José Milton Elias de Matos
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
The State ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Clay Deposit ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Clay Ceramics ◽  
Ceramics Industry

ABSTRACT The clay ceramics industry comprises materials used in construction (bricks, tiles, and expanded clay, among others), is of great importance for Brazilian economic development, and the industry is seeking new sources of raw material, mainly clay. The present work aims to characterize a clay deposit located in the central region of the state of Piauí, to make feasible its use as ceramic raw material, seeking to boost the clay ceramics industry. The chemical composition, the crystalline phases, and the plasticity of the clay were analyzed. Specimens were prepared by uniaxial pressing, dried in an oven at 110 °C, and then heated to 900 °C, 1000 °C, and 1100 °C. Bending strength, apparent porosity, linear shrinkage, water absorption, and mineralogical, macrostructural, and microstructural analyses were determined. The results showed an improvement in the indices with the increase in the firing temperature and that the samples showed a reddish coloration due to the presence of iron, as well as quartz and kaolinite. Thus, the clay deposit has the potential to become raw material for the clay ceramics industry in the state of Piauí.

Study of a Clayey Soil Used in the Fabrication of Red Ceramics in Campos Dos Goytacazes, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Alexandre ◽  
Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo ◽  
Gustavo de Castro Xavier ◽  
Leonardo Gonçalves Pedroti ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Density ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Technical Properties ◽  
Structural Blocks ◽  
Red Ceramics

In the municipal area of Campos dos Goytacazes, the largest city in the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeast of Brazil, there is a clay ceramic industrial pole comprising more than one hundred companies dedicated to the production of bricks, roofing tiles and structural blocks for civil construction. Currently, an estimated production of almost one billion pieces a year attends not only the state of Rio de Janeiro but also the neighbor states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo. In this work the characteristics and technical properties of the precursor clayey soil used by one of the leading local industry was studied. The initial characterization was performed by means of granulometric test, based on sieving and sedimentation methods, that allowed the separation of the material in its clay, silt and sand fractions. These fractions were chemically analyzed to evaluate the predominance of oxide content. The fluidity and plasticity limits as well as the apparent density were measured for clay bodies according to the standards. After sintering clay bodies at 700 and 900°C the ceramic technical properties of linear shrinkage, water absorption, apparent density and flexural strength were calculated following the norms. The results indicated that the precursor clay in Campos dos Goytacazes could be used for bricks but need to be incorporated with fluxing compounds to attend the requirements for structural blocks and roofing tiles.

Influence of Firing Temperature on the Pozzolanic Activity of Kaolin Wastes

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suellen Lisboa Dias ◽  
I.O. Guimarães ◽  
S.S. Figueiredo ◽  
I.M.T. Bezerra ◽  
H.C. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Mineral Processing ◽  
The State ◽  
Pozzolanic Activity ◽  
Mineralogical Analysis ◽  
Global Economic Growth

The volume of waste generated by mining and mineral processing industries has escalated each day because of increased demand caused by global economic growth. The kaolin processing industries are important economic segments in the state of Paraiba, but generate huge amounts of waste. An alternative for the recycling of this waste is its use in mortars. The kaolin contained in wastes after thermal treatment can reduce the consumption of cement in the production of mortars. It was evaluated the influence of firing temperatures of the residue on its pozzolanic activity. The residue was fired at temperatures of 600°C, 700°C and 800°C for 2h and subjected to mineralogical analysis. The evaluation produced the mortar with a mixture of kaolin waste burned at temperatures of 600°C, 700°C and 800°C with lime delivering true a good mechanical performance, reaching values of compressive strength greater than the legislated.

scholarly journals Effect of kaolinitic clays from the State of Rio de Janeiro in the composition of whiteware floor tile bodies

Cerâmica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (322) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. F. Vieira ◽  
L. A. Peçanha Jr. ◽  
S. N. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Ceramic Body ◽  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Floor Tile ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
The State ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Floor Tiles

This work presents an investigation that was undertaken for three types of kaolinitic clays from the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with a potential use in whiteware floor tiles bodies. Different compositions prepared by mixing the three clays with other materials such as kaolin, quartz, philite, potash feldspar and talc, were investigated and compared with an industrial ceramic body for whiteware floor tiles (group BIIa). Physical and mechanical properties such as linear shrinkage, water absorption and flexural strength were evaluated in pressed specimens fired at temperatures varying from 1025 to 1225 ºC. The microstructure of the specimens was studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and mercury porosimetry. The results indicated that the prepared compositions presented microstructural characteristics, specially the pore size distribution, and technological properties that are compatible with low-porosity ceramic tiles. However, they also display characteristics, such as an excessive plasticity and high loss on ignition, that could generate problems during the industrial processing.

Characterization of a Water Clearing Treatment Residue and Its Application as Clay Ceramic Addition

2014 ◽  
Vol 775-776 ◽  
pp. 642-647
Author(s):  
Carolina Nascimento de Oliveira ◽  
Michelle Pereira Babisk ◽  
Fernando Vernilli ◽  
Veronica Scarpini Candido ◽  
Sergio Neves Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Steel Making ◽  
Important Residue ◽  
Clay Ceramics

The addition of industrial residues into common red clay ceramic has been, from many decades, an alternative of using other low cost raw materials and, more recently, as an environmentally correct destination for polluting substances. An important residue, known as yellow sludge, is that generated at the water clearing stage (WCS) of a treatment plant by some heavy industries such as an integrated steel making. Since this yellow sludge residue is normally disposed in ways that pollutes water bodies, the objective of the present work was to characterize a WCS yellow sludge and investigate its addition into clay ceramics. The residue was characterized by X-ray fluorescence, particle size distribution and scanning electron microscopy. The addition was carried out up to 7.5 wt% followed by firing at 800oC. The added ceramics were evaluated in terms of water absorption, linear shrinkage, dry apparent density and flexural rupture strength. It was found that the residue addition does not practically alter the ceramic technical properties.

Factorial Design for 32 Experimental Planning of Clay Ceramic Incorporated with Ornamental Stone Waste

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Bozzi Piazzarollo ◽  
Gustavo de Castro Xavier ◽  
Jonas Alexandre ◽  
Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Experimental Planning ◽  
Ornamental Stone ◽  
32 Factorial Design ◽  
Clay Ceramics ◽  
Stone Industry

In recent decade there has been a worldwide trend towards encouraging the recycling of solid wastes. Both environmental and economical issues motivate recycling of industrial wastes from practically all productive sectors. In particular, the ornamental stone industry generates a significant amount of wastes in the form of small rocks and sludge. Several works have investigated the possibility of incorporation of these ornamental stone wastes (OSW) into red clay ceramics. Promising results were reported but the optimum condition the terms of composition and firing temperature are still to be defined. Therefore, the present work investigated the best values for the main technical properties through an experimental planning using 32 factorial design associated with the incorporation of OSW into clay ceramics. The best combination of strength and water absorption was found for 12 wt% incorporation and firing temperature of 920°C.

Studies on PVC-Clay Mixture as Function of the Temperature Cooking

2008 ◽  
Vol 587-588 ◽  
pp. 783-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sansosti ◽  
D. Vuono ◽  
Alfonso Nastro
Keyword(s):  
Firing Temperature ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
South Italy ◽  
Clay Materials ◽  
Temperature Water

In Italy, the amount of thermoplastic materials is 5 million tons. The recovery is necessary through simple processes with high efficiency. The aim of this paper is to study the use of plastic material particles in the ceramic industry for the production of light bricks, since this waste burns during firing at high temperature. The clay is extracted by disused quarry of South Italy and the PVC is a by-product of polymeric bars production (San Giovanni in Fiore- Calabria). The clay and the PVC waste were characterised by thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction to identify the crystalline phases of raw material and EDS analyses to determine the chemical composition. Mixtures containing waste and clay materials were formed by extrusion and fired in a furnace using range temperatures of 900°C-1100°C. The obtained final products are bricks of 15 cm of length, 2 cm of thickness and 1.2 cm of height. The physical and mechanical properties were studied. These properties are used to define process firing temperature. Water absorption and linear shrinkage tests carried out as a function of the firing temperature.

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