The Flexural Properties of Reinforced Recycled Glass Concrete Beam

2014 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roszilah Hamid ◽  
M.A. Zubir
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Sample ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Toughness Index ◽  
Control Samples

In this study, recycled glass is used to replace the natural fine aggregate in different mix proportions. The control samples are Grade 30 ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPCC) containing 100% natural sand and coarse aggregate. The recycled glass concretes contain 70% natural fine aggregate + 30% size 300 micron crushed glass (Sample 2), and 70% fine aggregate + 15% size 300 micron crushed glass + 15% size greater than 300 micron crushed glass (Sample 3).The recorded strength of the control, Sample 2 and 3 at 90 days are 47, 61 and 55 MPa. Although the compressive strength for the concrete samples with recycled glass are higher than the control samples, the flexural test results show that, concrete with recycled glass has less ability to be fully functioning as a reinforced concrete by exhibiting their flexural strength at 91 % and 84% of the theoretical flexural strength whereas for the control specimen, its flexural strength is 10% higher than the theoretical value. Nonetheless, the toughness index of recycled glass concrete with 30% replacement of fine sand with recycled glass powder is at par with the control samples, which shows the ductile behavior of the recycled glass concrete.

Compressive Strength of Concrete with Recycled Glass as Partial Aggregate Replacement

2014 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roszilah Hamid ◽  
M.A. Zubir
Keyword(s):  
Glass Sample ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Significant Increment ◽  
Control Samples

In this study, recycled glass is used to replace the natural fine aggregate in different mix proportions to obtain the optimum combination that will produce the highest strength. The control samples are Grade 30 ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPCC) containing 100% natural sand and coarse aggregate. The recycled glass concretes contain 70% natural fine aggregate + 30% size 300 micron crushed glass (Sample 2), and 70% fine aggregate + 15% size 300 micron crushed glass + 15% size greater than 300 micron crushed glass (Sample 3). The compressive strengths of the concrete samples with recycled glass are higher than the control samples at all ages of 7, 28, 56 and 90 days. At age 60 days, the strength gain of the control samples shows no significant increment but both samples that include recycled glass still show significant increment in strength. It is found that recycled glass performed better when utilised at size 300 microns and less. The recorded strength of the control, Sample 2 and 3 at 90 days are 47, 61 and 55 MPa.

Analysis of the Effect of Adding Sandy Clay into Cement Mortar on the Bending Strength of Built-Up Masonry Prisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Hassan M. Hassan Ali ◽  
Koh Heng Boon ◽  
Rasheed Altouhami ◽  
Ng Wei Shen ◽  
Ashraf Radwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Masonry Unit ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Masonry Prism ◽  
Masonry Units

Mortar is a workable paste essential in civil and building construction. Mortar works as binding material extensively use for masonry unit in construction. The global consumption of natural sand is very high, due to the extensive use of concrete or mortar. Natural sand deposits are being depleted and causing a serious threat to the environment as well as the society. Sandy clay has been widely use in preparing the mortar for masonry work. The aim of this research was to study the bending strength of built-up masonry prism using sandy clay mortar. There were two series of mortar containing 0% and 100% of sandy clay had been prepared. The sandy clay was used to replace natural fine aggregate. Mortar with 0% sandy clay was the control mix containing 100% natural fine aggregate. Three types of masonry unit consist of clay brick, cement brick and lightweight brick were used in this study. The masonry units were combined together using the mortar joints to form the masonry prisms. 100% natural fine sand and 100% sandy clay mortar were prepared and used for the joints. Built-up masonry prisms with single and double joints of mortar. Also, the masonry prisms contained from a length ranging from 390 mm to 610 mm were prepared using the mortar joints. The thickness of the mortar joint which was used in this study was 10 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm. the prisms had been tested for the determination of bending strength at 28 days. The experimental results were analyzed to investigate the effect of sandy clay and thickness of mortar on the bending strength of built-up masonry prism. Results had shown that masonry prism built with sandy clay mortar has higher bending strength compare to the fine sand mortar. Clay brick exhibited highest bending strength with sandy clay mortar which was 38.28 N/mm2and cement brick had the lowest bending strength which was 18.8 N/mm2, while cement brick achieved optimum bending strength. In addition, the highest collapse and deflection achieved by clay brick and cement brick whereas the lowest value of collapse and deflection was by lightweight brick. The highest percentage of increment in terms of collapse load was determined to be 13.73% for sandy clay mortar prism. Hence, 100% sandy clay mortar is suitable to be used in masonry works.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Influence of Methylcellulose on Tensile and Flexural Strength of Normal Strength Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-713
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmed ◽  
Shakir Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Mannal Kaleem ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Concrete Cylinder ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Normal Strength

Current study explores the possibility of improvement in various categories of concrete’s strengths (including tensile strength, flexural strength etc.) by using methylcellulose as an additive. The effect of methylcellulose on concrete’s compressive strength has also been investigated experimentally. Concrete samples were casted with several methylcellulose to binder ratios varying from 0.002 to 0.01 by weight of cement. Several tests were performed on concrete specimens including concrete cylinder and cube compression tests, split cylinder tests and modulus of rupture tests. Results showed that addition of methylcellulose increased the tensile strength of concrete. Addition of 0.2% of methylcellulose increased the tensile strength of concrete by 16%. This increase in tensile strength reached up to 73% of the control sample on addition of 1% methylcellulose. It was observed that the effect of methylcellulose on compressive strength of concrete depends upon the type of samples being tested (cube or cylinder). The compressive strength of concrete cylinders showed a plateau behavior with peak at 0.4% methylcellulose content with an increase of 18.7%. Effect of methylcellulose on concrete cylinder strength becomes insignificant beyond 0.6%. It was observed that addition of methylcellulose reduces the modulus of rupture values. The reduction in MOR was only 3% at 0.2% methylcellulose content but it grew to 30% at 1% methylcellulose content. The research presents an effective way of increasing tensile strength of concrete but without significant effect on concrete’s compressive strength and modulus of rupture values. These findings can be used to determine optimum content of methylcellulose to achieve desired performance from concrete depending upon the intended use.

MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF ROLLER COMPACTED RUBBERCRETE WITH DIFFERENT MINERAL FILLER

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Adamu ◽  
Bashar S. Mohammed ◽  
Nasir Shafiq
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Mineral Filler ◽  
Scrap Tires

The rate of waste tire generation globally continues to escalate due to increase in vehicle usage. Scrap tires continue to pose serious environmental, health and aesthetic problems. Due limitation in the recycling of scrap tires, one of the most viable solution is to used crumb rubber from scrap tire as partial replacement to fine aggregate in concrete industry. This is rationalized as the production of concrete hit more than 3.8 billion cubic meters annually, therefore, it could provide a solution on conservation of natural aggregate and as well as improve properties of concrete. However, the major setback in the use of crumb rubber in concrete is loss in strength.  In this paper, crumb rubber was used to partially replaced fine aggregate at 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% by volume in roller compacted concrete for pavement applications to produce roller compacted rubbercrete (RCR) to improve its flexural strength and ductility. Several trials were done to achieve the combined grading as recommended by ACI 211.3R, and finally a combination of 55% fine aggregate, 40% coarse aggregate and 5% fine sand as mineral filler was used. In order to mitigate the effect of strength loss, silica fume and fly ash were used to replace natural fine sand as mineral fillers. The Results showed that fresh density, compressive, splitting and flexural strengths decreases with increase in partial replacement of fine aggregate with crumb rubber. However using silica fume as a mineral filler was successful in mitigating loss in compressive, tensile and flexural strengths for up to 20% crumb rubber replacement level, while fly ash as a mineral filler mitigated loss in strength for up to 10% crumb rubber compared natural fine sand mineral filler. The flexural strength was found to increase with 10% crumb rubber for all type of mineral filler

scholarly journals Sustainable Mortar Made with Local Clay Bricks and Glass Waste Exposed to Elevated Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1341-1354
Author(s):  
Zaid Ali Hasan ◽  
Shereen Qasim Abdulridha ◽  
S. Z. Abeer
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Local Materials

The present study involved assessing the replacement of fine aggregate in the mortar with sustainable local materials like clay bricks and glass included 168 specimens (cubes and prisms). Seven mixtures were cast for this work, one control mix (R1) with 100% natural sand whereas mixes from R2 to R5 have 10% and 20% replacing natural sand with waste clay bricks and waste glass separately and respectively. Mix R6 was included 20% replacing sand with combination waste materials (10% waste clay bricks with 10% waste glass). Mix R7 has involved the same percent of replacing the previous mix R6 but with adding Polypropylene fibers 1% by volume. The samples have put in an electrical oven for one hour at 200, 400, and 600 ᵒC then cooled to room temperature to be tested and compared with samples at normal temperature 24 ᵒC. Different mechanical tests were adopted involved flow tests, density, weight loss, compressive strength, flexural strength, and water absorption. The results at different temperatures were discussed where many findings were specified. The flexural strength at 400 ᵒC was showed improving by 56% for 20% waste clay brick and 69% with 10% waste glass, as well all combination mixes illustrated higher strength than the control. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091729 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Light Transmitting Concrete using Eco Friendly materials (Waste materials)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-250
Author(s):  
A Jayaraman ◽  
S M Gowtham ◽  
N Praveen ◽  
V Hariharan ◽  
M Refak Afrith
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Dead Weight ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Manufactured Sand ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Aluminum Metal ◽  
Substantial Change ◽  
Light Weight Aggregate

Concrete is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with fluid cement that hardens over time. Now days mostly the construction researchers have been trying to improve the quality and reduced dead weight of the structure and enhance its performance. In this current situation there is a demand in natural sand so engineers are using manufactured sand. The aim of our project is to reduce the dead weight of the structure as well increase the strength of the concrete.So we developed light weight aggregate and sand by using waste plastic and glass materials. We developed a concrete by using crushed glass bottles and melted plastic which is considered as light weight concrete. Glass is an ideal material for recycling use of recycled glass helps in energy saving. This indicate that glass can be effectively used as a fine aggregate replacement without substantial change in strength and also we used aluminum metal powder for reducing the member weight by introduced air in concrete. For the innovative and aesthetic purpose we made the concrete to glow using plastic optical fiber which acts as a transmitting agent which also called as translucent concrete in which the optical fiber is inserted in parallel way. We used epoxy to harden the optical fiber (0.75mm) and M20 grade concrete.

scholarly journals Marble Powder As Fine Aggregates in Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 4105-4107
Author(s):  
M. J. Memon ◽  
A. A. Jhatial ◽  
Z. A. Rid ◽  
T. A. Rind ◽  
A. R. Sandhu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Strength Behavior ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Marble Powder ◽  
Marble Industry

Marble industry contributes significantly to the socio-economic development of any country. Due to the abundance of marble reserves, Pakistan relies on marble industry, which in turn contributes to its GDP. Marble powder (MP), produced from the marble industry is also increasing, which constantly remains a source of hazards to the environment. At the same time, natural sand deposits are decreasing, causing an acute need for a product that matches the properties of sand in concrete. This study has been conducted to demonstrate the possibility of using MP as a replacement of sand in the manufacturing of concrete. The MP was used in 5 different dosage percentages ranging from 0% to 100% by weight of sand with an increment of 25%. The effect of MP on the strength behavior of concrete was studied at three different curing ages (7, 14 and 28 days). It was observed from the results that MP could potentially replace sand up to a certain limit without compromising on strength. It was also noticed that 50% sand replacement with MP was optimum at which 13.52% and 35.54% increase in compressive and flexural strength was achieved compared to the control sample. Based on the results of this experimental study, it is clear that MP can partially be used in place of sand in concrete.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Mechanical Performance of Recycled Fine Aggregate Concrete Reinforced With Discarded Carbon Fibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Zaid ◽  
Syed Roshan Zamir Hashmi ◽  
Fahid Aslam ◽  
Hisham Alabduljabbar
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
The Third ◽  
Recycled Fine Aggregate

With the development of technology in every field, it is necessary to recommend an eco-friendly material to be utilized in the construction industry. Recently, using waste/recycled materials in the concrete as a substitute is a trend to bring sustainability to the construction industry, but the recycled/waste materials has poor mechanical properties, thus to enhance these poor properties, this research studies the mechanical performance of sustainable concrete incorporating waste materials as aggregates, the study is performed in the three stages. In the first stage, the natural sand was substituted with recycled sand in the percentage of 0, 35, 70, and 100%, and all the tests i.e. compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength were performed on concrete which was cured in water for 28 days. As the 35% substitution of natural sand with recycled fine aggregate presented the optimum mechanical performance, it was selected for the third stage of the research. In the second and the third stages, the discarded carbon fibers were utilized in concrete with 2, 4, and 6% by weight. A total of 90 samples were prepared for this research, in which 30 samples were cubes, 30 samples were cylinders and 30 samples were beams, all the samples were tested at 28 days. Comparative analysis was performed to validate and verify the results of this paper with the relevant literature. The SEM test was also performed on a fractured concrete surface to study its microstructure. The outcome of tests revealed that the utilization of discarded carbon fibers in concrete enhances compressive, split tensile and flexural strength by 27.8, 17.8, and 35.9% and acts as a crack bridging and also restrain the propagation of the first cracks. Fibers also helped the concrete to improve its energy absorption capacity and ductility.

The Influence of Fine Sand from Construction-Demolition Wastes (CDW) in the Mortar Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 600 ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidiane Fernanda Jochem ◽  
Janaíde Cavalcante Rocha ◽  
Malik Cheriaf
Keyword(s):  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Hardened State

A fine fraction of recycled aggregates from the processing of construction and demolition waste (CDW), have a very effective potential use in mortar as a partial fine aggregate replacement for natural sand, an also contribute to the development of sustainable materials, specifically to produce coating mortar. This paper presents the results of a study using recycled aggregate in mortar as a replacement for natural sand, analyzing the effects of pre-wetting and the performance in mortar composition with a fine sand (1.2/ 0.15 mm). In this study was investigated the behavior of recycled aggregate dry and wet previously until to saturated surface dry condition (reaching this value by capillary absorption test of the granulometric prepared curve). Five different compositions have been defined, varying the quantity of fine and determined the physical properties of recycled aggregate. Then the mortars were prepared and evaluated in the fresh state: specific gravity, water retention and workability, and in the hardened state: hygrothermal and mechanical properties. The results showed that the wetting of the aggregate affects the properties of the mortar, as well the addition of fines. There is an advantage when is realized wetting of the recycled aggregate CDW. The addition of fine in mortars must be controlled, and the fine aggregates improved the almost properties and in excess can reduce the hygrothermals properties.

scholarly journals Properties of High-Strength Flowable Mortar Reinforced with Palm Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eethar Thanon Dawood ◽  
Mahyuddin Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Toughness Index ◽  
Strength And Toughness

This study was conducted to determine some physical and mechanical properties of high-strength flowable mortar reinforced with different percentages of palm fiber (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, and 1.6% as volumetric fractions). The density, compressive strength, flexural strength, and toughness index were tested to determine the mechanical properties of this mortar. Test results illustrate that the inclusion of this fiber reduces the density of mortar. The use of 0.6% of palm fiber increases the compressive strength and flexural strength by about 15.1%, and 16%, respectively; besides, the toughness index (I5) of the high-strength flowable mortar has been significantly enhanced by the use of 1% and more of palm fiber.

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