scholarly journals Effect of Samarium Nanoparticles on Optical Properties of Zinc Borotellurite Glass System

2016 ◽  
Vol 846 ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad S. Hajer ◽  
M.K. Halimah ◽  
Azmi Zakaria ◽  
M.N. Azlan
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Fundamental Absorption Edge ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Band Gap ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bonding Parameters ◽  
Optical Energy Band Gap

The glass series of samarium nanoparticles (NPs) doped zinc borotellurite glasses were successfully fabricated by using conventional melt-quenching technique. The structural properties of the prepared glasses were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and FTIR analysis. It was confirmed that the prepared glasses are amorphous in nature. The bonding parameters of the glasses were analyzed by using FTIR analysis and were found the formation of non-bridging oxygen. The density of these glasses were measured and found to be increased with increasing samarium NPs content. The optical absorption spectra of these glasses were revealed that the fundamental absorption edge shifts to higher wavelengths as the content of Sm2O3 (NPs) increases. The optical energy band gap are found to be decreased linearly with an increasing samarium NPs concentration which is due to the formation of non-bridging oxygen in the glass system.KeywordsBorotellurite glass; optical band gap, Samarium nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Effect of Erbium Nanoparticles on Optical Properties of Zinc Borotellurite Glass System

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azlan Muhammad Noorazlan ◽  
Halimah Mohamed Kamari ◽  
Siti Shafinas Zulkefly ◽  
Daud W. Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Urbach Energy ◽  
Fundamental Absorption Edge ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Melt Quenching ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bonding Parameters

Erbium nanoparticles (NPs) doped zinc borotellurite glasses have been prepared by conventional melt-quenching technique with the chemical composition{[(TeO2)0.70(B2O3)0.30]1-x(ZnO)x}1-y(Er3O2)y(wherey=0.005,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05). The structural properties of the prepared glasses were determined via X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and FTIR analysis. It was confirmed that the prepared glasses are amorphous. The bonding parameters of the glasses were analyzed by using FTIR analysis and were confirmed to be ionic in nature. The refractive index increases as the content of erbium NPs increases. The optical absorption spectra revealed that fundamental absorption edge shifts to longer wavelength as the content of erbium NPs increases. The value of band gap had been calculated and shown to be decreased with an increase content of erbium NPs. The Urbach energy was shown to be linearly increased with an increase content of erbium NPs oxides.

Energy Band Gap Studies of CdS Nanomaterials

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinu Patidar ◽  
K.S. Rathore ◽  
N.S. Saxena ◽  
Kananbala Sharma ◽  
T.P. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Energy Band ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Cds Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Band Gap ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simple Chemical

The CdS nanoparticles of different sizes are synthesized by a simple chemical method. Here, CdS nanoparticles are grown through the reaction of solution of different concentration of CdCl2 with H2S. X-ray diffraction pattern confirms nano nature of CdS and has been used to determine the size of particle. Optical absorption spectroscopy is used to measure the energy band gap of these nanomaterials by using Tauc relation. Energy band gap ranging between 3.12 eV to 2.47 eV have been obtained for the samples containing the nanoparticles in the range of 2.3 to 6.0 nm size. A correlation between the band gap and size of the nanoparticles is also established.

Optical and Structural Properties of α-Si1-xCx Films

1996 ◽  
Vol 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhizhong Chen ◽  
Kai Yang ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Hongtao Shi ◽  
Youdou Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Optical Constants ◽  
State Density ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Band Gap ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optical Energy Band Gap ◽  
Atomic Radial Distribution

AbstractIn this paper, we reported experimental results about optical and structural properties of amorphous silicon carbide (α-Si1-xCx). The films of a-Si1-xCx) were grown by CVD on substrate of quartz glass. Optical constants (n-refractive index, a-absorption coefficient, Eg-optical energy band gap) of these films were determined by transmission spectra. The radial distribution functions (RDFs) of α- Sil−xCx) films were drawn out from the data of x-ray diffraction spectra. According to the RDFs, we imagined the statistic scene from which we could obtain the information of atomic radial distribution. The bond lengths and bond numbers of Si-Si, Si-C, and C-C could be also determined by RDFs. From the analysis of Raman spectra, we obtained the information of their vibration state density, and discerned the peaks of bond vibration, which agreed well with the results of α-Si1-xCx) RDF.

scholarly journals Flexible ZnO photoelectrode for photo electrochemical energy conversion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shiyani ◽  
Indrani Banerjee ◽  
Santosh K. Mahapatra ◽  
Asim K Ray
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Solar Fuels ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
A Value ◽  
Pet Substrate

Abstract Photoelectrochemical properties have been investigated for flexible ZnO/ITO/PET photoelectrodes. ZnO was spin coated on ITO/PET substrate with thickness of about 310 nm. The high crystalline structure of ZnO was studied using x-ray diffraction pattern. A value of 3.4 eV has been estimated for optical band gap from its absorption spectra. The flexible ZnO photoelectrode was demonstrated to generate photoelectrochemical current. Values of 1.022 and 0.714 were found to be for photo switching and photoresponsivity, respectively. ZnO/ITO/PET can be used as a substrate for making flexible hybrid PEC devices to generate solar power and solar fuels.

scholarly journals Effect of Re and Tm-site on morphology structure and optical band gap of ReTmO3 (Re: La, Ce, Nd, Gd, Dy, Y and Tm: Fe, Cr) prepared by sol-gel method

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tufiq Jamil ◽  
Javed Ahmad ◽  
Syed Hamad Bukhari ◽  
Murtaza Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Auto Combustion ◽  
Uv Visible

Rare earth nano sized pollycrystalline orthoferrites and orthocromites ReT mO3 (Re = La, Nd, Gd, Dy, Y and T m = Fe, Cr) have been synthesized by sol-gel auto combustion citrate method. The samples have been characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and UV-visible spectroscopy. The samples are single phase as confirmed by XRD analysis and correspond to the orthorhombic crystal symmetry with space group pbnm. Debye Scherer formula and Williamson Hall analysis have been used to calculate the average grain size which is consistent with that of determined from SEM analysis and varied between 25-75 nm. The elemental compositions of all samples have been checked by EDX analysis. Different crystallographic parameters are calculated with strong structural correlation among Re and Tm sites. The optical energy band gap has been calculated by using Tauc relation estimated to be in the range of 1.77 - 1.87 eV and 2.77 - 3.14 eV, for ReFeO3 and ReCrO3, respectively.

Experimental Investigation of Surface Modified Abaca Fibre

2020 ◽  
Vol 978 ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnivesh Kumar Sinha ◽  
Harendra Kumar Narang ◽  
Somnath Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Natural Fibres ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Modified

Natural fibres have gained popularity due to their use in fabrication of biodegradable polymer composites which are not only non-polluting but are also light weight and inexpensive. Abaca fibres are known for their remarkable properties for which their polymer composites are used in automotive applications. However, hydrophilicity and compatibility with polymer matrices are the two major drawbacks of natural fibres which restrict their use as reinforcements in polymer composites. Therefore, present study deals with the surface modifications of abaca fibre using potassium permanganate and sodium hydroxide solutions to enhance crystallinity and reduce hydrophilicity of abaca fibres. Further, the surfaces of untreated and treated fibre were investigated with the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Surface treatment of abaca fibre led to the removal of unwanted wax, and other amorphous materials which was confirmed through FTIR analysis. Crystallinity index was found to be 57%, 59% and 61% for untreated, NaOH treated and KMnO4 treated abaca fibre respectively.

Effect of Tin Composition on Cu2ZnSnS4 Photovoltaic Absorbers

2012 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 156-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Hua Fan ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Hui Ren Peng
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Diffraction Peak ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
Czts Thin Films

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films are prepared by sulfurizing the precursors deposited by vacuum evaporation methods. The samples sulfurized at 500°C for 3h shows the strong (112) diffraction peak at 28.45˚, suggesting the successful synthesis of CZTS thin films. The X-ray diffraction shows that CZTS thin film prepared in Sn-poor condition have the best crystallinity. The Sn-dependent crystallite size was calculated to be 19.53-21.03 nm. In addition, we found that the optical band gap with various Sn contents can be modulated at 1.48-1.85 eV

Growth, Optical Adsorption and Resistivity of (Ga0.6In0.4)2Se3 and (Ga0.594In0.396Er0.01)2Se3 Single Crystals

2013 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Inna A. Ivashchenko ◽  
Volodumur V. Halyan ◽  
Irina V. Danylyuk ◽  
Volodumur Z. Pankevuch ◽  
Georgij Y. Davydyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vertical Bridgman ◽  
Xrd Method

The phase diagram of the Ga2Se3–In2Se3 system was investigated by differential-thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The single crystals from the area of existence of the γ2 phase with the compositions (Ga0.6In0.4)2Se3 and (Ga0.594In0.396Er0.01)2Se3 were grown by a vertical Bridgman method. Absorption spectra of the grown crystals were studied. The estimated optical band gap is 1.95±0. 01 eV. The resistance of the single crystals of (Ga0.6In0.4)2Se3 (R=500 MΩ) and (Ga0.594In0.396Er0.01)2Se3 (R=210 MΩ) was measured.

Thin Film InN/Anatase Bilayers as a Substitute Dye/Semiconductor Interface for Solar Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hoy ◽  
Martin Kordesch
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sheet Resistivity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Semiconductor Interface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dye Sensitized

AbstractThe electronic properties of an InN/anatse bilayer, proposed as a replacement for the dye/semi-conductor interface in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell[1, 2], are measured. RF sputtered thin films of anatase and InN are used as the “dye” replacement. . Two types of InN film are prepared: polycrystalline samples deposited at high temperature, with an optical band gap of < 1 eV, and as-deposited (at least partially amorphous) samples with an optical band gap >1 eV. Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence, X-ray Diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy are used to characterize the samples. The resistance in the dark and under illumination are measured. The samples deposited at high temperature are crystalline and have a sheet resistivity ≈ 4 Ω/⁐, and display no photoconductivity. The partially amorphous samples have sheet resistivity of ≈ 500Ω/⁐. Since both types of InN films, including high quality (based on band gap) polycrystalline InN, do not show increased conductivity with light, we conclude that a solar cell based on an InN/anatase bilayer is not feasible.

Band-gap engineering in amorphous/microcrystalline ScxGa1-xN.

2001 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Little ◽  
M. E. Kordesch
Keyword(s):  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Band Gap Engineering ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bilayer Films ◽  
Quartz Substrates

AbstractReactive sputtering was used to grow thin films of ScxGa1-xN with scandium concentrations of 20%-70% on quartz substrates at temperatures of 300-675 K. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the films showed either weak or no structure, suggesting the films are amorphous or microcrystalline. Optical absorption spectra were taken of each sample and the optical band gap was determined. The band gap varied linearly with increasing Ga concentration between 2.0 and 3.5 eV. Ellipsometry was used to confirm the band gap measurements and provide optical constants in the range 250-1200 nm. ScN and GaN have different crystal structures (rocksalt and wurzite, respectively), and thus may form a heterogeneous mixture as opposed to an alloy. Since the XRD data were inconclusive, bilayers of ScN/GaN were grown and optical absorption spectra taken. A fundamental difference in the spectra between the bilayer films and alloy films was seen, suggesting the films are alloys, not herterogeneous mixtures.

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