Investigation of Microstructural and Hardness Properties of Al-Al2O3 Nano Surface Composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
A. Karthikeyan ◽  
S. Nallusamy
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Phase Volume Fraction ◽  
Friction Stir

In present scenario, nanocomposites are playing an imperative role in most of the industrial application due to their outstanding performances with good mechanical properties. The aim of this research is to study the effect of tool rotational speed and traverse speed on micro structural and hardness properties of fabricated surface nanocomposites of Al-Al2O3. By varying tool rotational and traverse speed at a constant volume percentage the surface nanocomposites were produced by applying one pass of friction stir processing. A clear view of material flow and defect characterization in the stir zone were studied. Optimum condition of tool rotational speed of 1120 rpm and tool traverse speed of 16 mm/min was obtained to produce a defect free surface nanocomposite. Microstructure observations were carried out through optical microscope and micro hardness test were conducted by using Vickers micro hardness tester. From the phase volume fraction analysis, it was observed that the Al2O3 nanoparticles were well dispersed in the stir zone. It was found that, the tool speed and traverse speed had a significant impact on microstructure properties as well as mechanical properties of the fabricated surface nanocomposite. From the final results it was found that a mixture of dynamically restored ultra fine grins with a mean size of ~80 nm and the average micro hardness value of 130HV were achieved through a fabricated aluminium Al2O3 nanocomposite.

Influence of Nano Reinforcement Volume Percentage on Fabrication of Surface Nanocomposite by FSP

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 1369-1374
Author(s):  
P. Naresh ◽  
Adepu Kumar ◽  
M. Krishna Kishore
Keyword(s):  
Material Flow ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Phase Volume Fraction ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Composite

This work deals with the effect of volume percentage of nanoreinforcement to fabricate nanosurface composite by Friction Stir Processing (FSP) and also studied the role of tool rotational speed and traverse speed to get the defect free condition to fabricate successful surface composite. The material flow pattern, dispersion of the reinforcement particles in the stir zone was examined. From the phase/volume fraction analysis, it was observed that the nanoAl2O3 particles were well dispersed in the stir zone. The results indicate that the better microstructural, mechanical properties were obtained at 1150rpm /15mm/min condition. A significant improvement in microhardness was exhibited by surface nanocomposite as compared to the as - received aluminum.

Effect of Al2O3 nanoparticles on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir-welded dissimilar aluminum alloys AA7075-T6 and AA6061-T6

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892110655
Author(s):  
Sumit Jain ◽  
R.S. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys

In this research, a defect-free dissimilar weld joint of AA7075-T6 and AA6061-T6 reinforced with Al2O3 nanoparticles was fabricated via friction stir welding (FSW). The influence of tool rotational speed (700, 900 and 1100 rpm), traverse speed (40, 50 and 60 mm/min) with varying volume fractions of Al2O3 nanoparticles (4%, 7% and 10%) on microstructural evolution and mechanical properties were investigated. The augmentation of various mechanical properties is based on the homogeneity of particle dispersion and grains refinement in the SZ of the FSWed joint. The findings revealed that the remarkable reduction in grain size in the SZ was observed owing to the incorporation of Al2O3 nanoparticles produces the pinning effect, which prevents the growth of grain boundaries by dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The increasing volume fraction of Al2O3 nanoparticles enhanced the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, % elongation and micro-hardness. Agglomeration of particles was observed in the SZ of the FSWed joints produced at lower tool rotational speed of 700 rpm and higher traverse speed of 60 mm/min due to unusual material flow. Homogenous particle dispersion and enhanced material mixing ensue at higher rotational speed of 1100 rpm and lower traverse speed of 40 mm/min exhibit higher tensile strength and micro-hardness.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Joints Between Commercially Pure Copper and Al 6351 Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 1819-1825
Author(s):  
V.C. Sinha ◽  
S. Kundu ◽  
S. Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Commercially Pure Copper

AbstractIn the present study, the effect of tool rotational speed on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints between commercially pure copper and 6351 Al alloy was carried out in the range of tool rotational speeds of 300-900 rpm in steps of 150 rpm at 30 mm/minutes travel speed. Up to 450 rpm, the interface of the joints is free from intermetallics and Al4Cu9intermetallic has been observed at the stir zone. However, Al4Cu9intermetallic was observed both at the interface and the stir zone at 600 rpm. At 750 and 900 rpm tool rotational speed, the layers of AlCu, Al2Cu3and Al4Cu9intermetallics were observed at the interface and only Al4Cu9intermetallics has been observed in the stir zone. The maximum ultimate tensile strength of ~207 MPa and yield strength of ~168 MPa along with ~6.2% elongation at fracture of the joint have been obtained when processed at 450 rpm tool rotational speed.

Investigations on microstructural and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA 2024-T351

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 793-802
Author(s):  
Şefika Kasman ◽  
Sertan Ozan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Aa 2024

Abstract In the present study, AA 2024-T351 plates with a thickness of 6 mm were joined using the friction stir welding technique with three different tool rotational speeds and two different pin profiles. Microstructural features and mechanical properties of welded joints were investigated. The grains in recrystallized regions along the stir zone were observed to be almost with invariable sizes. The grain size was revealed to increase with the increase in tool rotational speed. The average grain size was observed to dramatically increase from 2.3 μm to 5.6 μm for welded joints produced with pentagonal shaped pin. All the welded joints were observed to contain defects; the presence of defects exhibited a negative effect on the tensile properties of the welded joint. Most of the defects were observed to localize at the root region of joints. The joint, welded with the tool rotational speed of 250 rpm using pentagonal shaped pin, exhibited ultimate tensile strength with a value of 365 MPa. The ultimate tensile strength of welded joints was found to be higher with the decrease in the tool rotational speed. The welding efficiency of joints was compared with the ultimate tensile strength of base metal; notably, welding efficiency values between 46 % and 80 % were achieved. Microstructural characterizations revealed that Al2Cu (θ phase), Al2CuMg (S phase), and AlCuFeMnSi, Al7Cu2Fe intermetallic particles were dispersed in the stir zone.

Effects of friction stir welding on corrosion and mechanical properties of AA6063 in sea water

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622199554
Author(s):  
Laxmana Raju Salavaravu ◽  
Lingaraju Dumpala
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Pin Profile ◽  
Tool Pin

Submerged friction stir welding (FSW) is used to improve the weld zones mechanical properties in the present study. This research aims to obtain the optimized process parameters used to fabricate the AA6063 Submerged FSW joint. In the Submerged FSW process, the most important influential factors are tool rotational speed, traverse speed, and pin profile in a seawater environment. The different workpieces are friction stir welded while submerged in seawater at different tool rotational speeds, traverse speeds, and tool pin profiles such as square pin, cylindrical taper pin, and threaded pin. The produced weldments were tested for the mechanical properties of higher tensile strength, microhardness, corrosion rate, and the microstructure of weldments was characterized by using a scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and X-ray diffractometer. The corrosion rate is investigated by using an electrochemical analyzer by potential dynamic polarization open-circuit technique. For this investigation, The Taguchi method with the L9 orthogonal array design of experimentation is adopted. The maximum UTS was acquired in the weld joint fabricated with 1250 r/min of tool rotational speed, 45 mm/min traverse speed, and a square tool pin. The stirred zone is tested for microhardness. High hardness is achieved with high tool rotational speed and low traverse speed with a square tool pin profile. The corrosion rate is also decreased with high tool rotational speed, low traverse speed, and a square tool pin profile.

scholarly journals Effect of friction stir processing on microstructures and mechanical properties of TIG cladding layer on AA7075

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Shi ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Kaizhen Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Cladding Layer ◽  
Microstructures And Mechanical Properties

Abstract AA7075 is a precipitation strengthened Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy which has been widely used. As a common way to repair AA7075 components, tungsten inert gas (TIG) cladding generates coarse grains and defects. In addition, the use of other types of filler wires could lead to insufficient rigidity and strength of the cladding layer. In the present work, friction stir processing (FSP) has been applied to the TIG cladding layer on AA7075 to study the effect of process parameters on microstructures and mechanical properties. The macro/micro structural characteristics, elemental distribution, microhardness distribution and tensile properties have been investigated. The macroscopic defects in TIG cladding layer are eliminated and the size of grains is decreases to around 6 μm by FSP. FSP reduces the compositional difference between the stir zone and the base material. Higher rotational speed promotes the grain refinement while the lower traverse speed benefits the microstructural uniformity. FSP on the TIG weld bead brings improvement in tensile properties and hardness. All the fractures for TIG+FSP samples occur at thermo-mechanically affected zone of the advancing side. The tensile strength of the stir zone increases from 424.2 to 442.8 MPa with the increase in rotational speed and traverse speed.

Effect of Nanoreinforcement on Fabrication of Al/Al2O3 Surface Composite by Friction Stir Processing

2015 ◽  
Vol 830-831 ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Naresh ◽  
Adepu Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Microstructural Evaluation

In this investigation, the effect of nanoreinforcement particles such as Al2O3, tool rotational speed and traverse speed on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/Al2O3surface nanocomposites fabricated by friction stir processing was studied. The surface nanocomposites were produced by varying volume percentage of nanoreinforcement, tool rotational speed and traverse speed to attain the best outcome. The fabricated composites were characterized through microstructural evaluation, microhardness measurements and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. Microstructural evaluation of the composites revealed that the composites were produced finer grain structure in this stir zone and it is evident for, a dynamic recrystallization was taken place. Higher hardness values were found at the stir zone of the entire composite because of the equiaxed and well dispersion of reinforced particles. The energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of various elements at the stir zone. A defect free parameter setting for friction stir processing of Al/Al2O3was obtained at 1120 rpm and 16 mm/min.

Prediction of mechanical properties and optimization of process parameters in friction-stir-welded dissimilar aluminium alloys

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senthilnathan T. ◽  
Sujay Aadithya B. ◽  
Balachandar K.
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Grey Relational

Purpose This study aims to predict the mechanical properties such as equivalent tensile strength and micro-hardness of friction-stir-welded dissimilar aluminium alloy plates AA 6063-O and AA 2014-T6, using artificial neural network (ANN). Design/methodology/approach The ANN model used for the experiment was developed through back propagation algorithm. The input parameter of the model consisted of tool rotational speed and weld-traverse speed whereas the output of the model consisted of mechanical properties (tensile strength and hardness) of the joint formed by friction-stir welding (FSW) process. The ANN was trained for 60% of the experimental data. In addition, the impact of the process parameters (tool rotational speed and weld-traverse speed) on the mechanical properties of the joint was determined by Taguchi Grey relational analysis. Findings Subsequently, testing and validation of the ANN were done using experimental data, which were not used for training the network. From the experiment, it was inferred that the outcomes of the ANN are in good agreement with the experimental data. The result of the analyses showed that the tool rotational speed has more impact than the weld-traverse speed. Originality/value The developed neural network can be used to predict the mechanical properties of the weld. Results indicate that the network prediction is similar to the experiment results. Overall regression value computed for training, validation and testing is greater than 0.9900 for both tensile strength and microhardness. In addition, the percentage error between experimental and predicted values was found to be minimal for the mechanical properties of the weldments. Therefore, it can be concluded that ANN is a potential tool for predicting the mechanical properties of the weld formed by FSW process. Similarly, the results of Taguchi Grey relational analysis can be used to optimize the process parameters of the weld process and it can be applied extensively to ascertain the most prominent factor. The results of which indicates that rotational speed of 1,270 rpm and traverse speed of 30 mm/min are to be the optimized process parameters. The result also shows that tool rotational speed has more impact on the mechanical properties of the weld than that of traverse speed.

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