Development of Solid Nitriding Method Using Thermosetting Waste Plastic

2006 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
Kazumasa Sakoshi ◽  
Chuji Kagaya ◽  
Eiji Kagaya
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Nitrided Layer ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Melamine Resin ◽  
Hardening Treatment ◽  
Resource Exhaustion ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Value Added Products

In recent years, global warming and resource exhaustion problems require the manufacturers to minimize substances of environmental concern and industrial wastes and adopt measures for expedited recycling. As a result, making effective use of wastes to try for further energy conservation and high quality products is an important assignment in the heat treatment and surface hardening treatment fields as well. This study has investigated the effectiveness of waste melamine resin in solid nitriding of JIS SUS304 austenitic stainless steel plate. After heating the stainless plate in waste melamine resin fragments and cooling in air, the surface was analyzed. It was found that a nitrided layer had formed on the surface of the plate, and the nitriding potential of waste melamine was shown to be high. It is therefore likely that this method can be effectively applied to the development of economically advantageous high-performance materials and value-added products.

scholarly journals A Review on Bioconversion of Agro-Industrial Wastes to Industrially Important Enzymes

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Ravindran ◽  
Shady Hassan ◽  
Gwilym Williams ◽  
Amit Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Phase Culture ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Value Added Products

Agro-industrial waste is highly nutritious in nature and facilitates microbial growth. Most agricultural wastes are lignocellulosic in nature; a large fraction of it is composed of carbohydrates. Agricultural residues can thus be used for the production of various value-added products, such as industrially important enzymes. Agro-industrial wastes, such as sugar cane bagasse, corn cob and rice bran, have been widely investigated via different fermentation strategies for the production of enzymes. Solid-state fermentation holds much potential compared with submerged fermentation methods for the utilization of agro-based wastes for enzyme production. This is because the physical–chemical nature of many lignocellulosic substrates naturally lends itself to solid phase culture, and thereby represents a means to reap the acknowledged potential of this fermentation method. Recent studies have shown that pretreatment technologies can greatly enhance enzyme yields by several fold. This article gives an overview of how agricultural waste can be productively harnessed as a raw material for fermentation. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of studies conducted in the production of different commercially important enzymes using lignocellulosic food waste has been provided.

Revalorisation of Agro-Industrial Wastes into High Value-Added Products

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Álvaro Fernández-Ochoa ◽  
Francisco Javier Leyva-Jiménez ◽  
Sandra Pimentel-Moral ◽  
María del Carmen Villegas-Aguilar ◽  
María Elena Alañón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Value Added Products

Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
Environmental Technologies ◽  
Value Added Products

Abstract Selenium contamination of air, aquatic environments, soils and sediments is a serious environmental concern of increasing importance. Selenium has a paradoxical feature in bringing about health benefits under the prescribed level, but only a few fold increase in its concentration causes deleterious effects to flora and fauna, humans and the environment. This book Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution: Principles and Engineering: presents the fundamentals of the biogeochemical selenium cycle and which imbalances in this cycle result in pollution.overviews chemical and biological technologies for successful treatment of selenium contaminated water, air, soils and sediments.explores the recovery of value-added products from selenium laden waste streams, including biofortication and selenium-based nanoparticles and quantum dots. This book may serve both as an advanced textbook for undergraduate and graduate students majoring in environmental sciences, technology or engineering as well as as a handbook for tertiary educators, researchers, professionals and policy makers who conduct research and practices in selenium related fields. It is essential reading for consulting companies when dealing with selenium related environmental (bio)technologies. ISBN: 9781789061048 (Paperback) ISBN: 9781789061055 (eBook)

scholarly journals Preliminary Results on Aroma Compounds Recovery from Wine Lees

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Mariana Popescu ◽  
Florin Oancea ◽  
Elena Radu ◽  
Mălina Deșliu-Avram
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Aroma Compounds ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
By Products ◽  
Value Added Products

Valorization of agro-industrial wastes and by-products to obtain new value-added products is one of the most important goals of the scientific research for the development of the sustainable bioeconomy. [...]

scholarly journals Controllable Carbonization of Plastic Waste into Three-Dimensional Porous Carbon Nanosheets by Combined Catalyst for High Performance Capacitor

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Mu ◽  
Yunhui Li ◽  
Xiaoguang Liu ◽  
Changde Ma ◽  
Hanqing Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Social Life ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Value Added ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Carbon Nanosheets ◽  
A Current ◽  
Value Added Products

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic has been extensively used in our social life, but its poor biodegradability has led to serious environmental pollution and aroused worldwide concern. Up to now, various strategies have been proposed to address the issue, yet such strategies remain seriously impeded by many obstacles. Herein, waste PET plastic was selectively carbonized into three-dimensional (3D) porous carbon nanosheets (PCS) with high yield of 36.4 wt%, to be further hybridized with MnO2 nanoflakes to form PCS-MnO2 composites. Due to the introduction of an appropriate amount of MnO2 nanoflakes, the resulting PCS-MnO2 composite exhibited a specific capacitance of 210.5 F g−1 as well as a high areal capacitance of 0.33 F m−2. Furthermore, the PCS-MnO2 composite also showed excellent cycle stability (90.1% capacitance retention over 5000 cycles under a current density of 10 A g−1). The present study paved an avenue for the highly efficient recycling of PET waste into high value-added products (PCSs) for electrochemical energy storage.

scholarly journals Yeast cell factories for sustainable whey-to-ethanol valorisation towards a circular economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1529-1549
Author(s):  
Patrícia Carvalho ◽  
Carlos E. Costa ◽  
Sara L. Baptista ◽  
Lucília Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Yeast Fermentation ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Value Added Products

Cheese whey is the major by-product of the dairy industry, and its disposal constitutes an environmental concern. The production of cheese whey has been increasing, with 190 million tonnes per year being produced nowadays. Therefore, it is emergent to consider different routes for cheese whey utilization. The great nutritional value of cheese whey turns it into an attractive substrate for biotechnological applications. Currently, cheese whey processing includes a protein fractionating step that originates the permeate, a lactose-reach stream further used for valorisation. In the last decades, yeast fermentation has brought several advances to the search for biorefinery alternatives. From the plethora of value-added products that can be obtained from cheese whey, ethanol is the most extensively explored since it is the alternative biofuel most used worldwide. Thus, this review focuses on the different strategies for ethanol production from cheese whey using yeasts as promising biological systems, including its integration in lignocellulosic biorefineries. These valorisation routes encompass the improvement of the fermentation process as well as metabolic engineering techniques for the introduction of heterologous pathways, resorting mainly to Kluyveromyces sp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. The solutions and challenges of the several strategies will be unveiled and explored in this review.

scholarly journals Persea Americana Agro-Industrial Waste Biorefinery for Sustainable High-Value-Added Products

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1727
Author(s):  
Anthony Mora-Sandí ◽  
Abigail Ramírez-González ◽  
Luis Castillo-Henríquez ◽  
Mary Lopretti-Correa ◽  
José Roberto Vega-Baudrit
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Industrial Management ◽  
Avocado Fruit ◽  
Biological Conversion ◽  
Value Added Products

Significant problems have arisen in recent years, such as global warming and hunger. These complications are related to the depletion and exploitation of natural resources, as well as environmental pollution. In this context, bioprocesses and biorefinery can be used to manage agro-industrial wastes for obtaining high-value-added products. A large number of by-products are composed of lignin and cellulose, having the potential to be exploited sustainably for chemical and biological conversion. The biorefinery of agro-industrial wastes has applications in many fields, such as pharmaceuticals, medicine, material engineering, and environmental remediation. A comprehensive approach has been developed toward the agro-industrial management of avocado (Persea americana) biomass waste, which can be transformed into high-value-added products to mitigate global warming, save non-renewable energy, and contribute to health and science. Therefore, this work presents a comprehensive review on avocado fruit waste biorefinery and its possible applications as biofuel, as drugs, as bioplastics, in the environmental field, and in emerging nanotechnological opportunities for economic and scientific growth.

scholarly journals Fermentation of Biodegradable Organic Waste by the Family Thermotogaceae

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Nunzia Esercizio ◽  
Mariamichela Lanzilli ◽  
Marco Vastano ◽  
Simone Landi ◽  
Zhaohui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Value Added ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Thermostable Enzymes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complementary Set ◽  
Value Added Products

The abundance of organic waste generated from agro-industrial processes throughout the world has become an environmental concern that requires immediate action in order to make the global economy sustainable and circular. Great attention has been paid to convert such nutrient-rich organic waste into useful materials for sustainable agricultural practices. Instead of being an environmental hazard, biodegradable organic waste represents a promising resource for the production of high value-added products such as bioenergy, biofertilizers, and biopolymers. The ability of some hyperthermophilic bacteria, e.g., the genera Thermotoga and Pseudothermotoga, to anaerobically ferment waste with the concomitant formation of bioproducts has generated great interest in the waste management sector. These biotechnologically significant bacteria possess a complementary set of thermostable enzymes to degrade complex sugars, with high production rates of biohydrogen gas and organic molecules such as acetate and lactate. Their high growth temperatures allow not only lower contamination risks but also improve substrate solubilization. This review highlights the promises and challenges related to using Thermotoga and Pseudothermotoga spp. as sustainable systems to convert a wide range of biodegradable organic waste into high value-added products.

scholarly journals High‐Performance Plasma‐Enabled Biorefining of Microalgae to Value‐Added Products

ChemSusChem ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4976-4985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renwu Zhou ◽  
Rusen Zhou ◽  
Xianhui Zhang ◽  
Zhi Fang ◽  
Xiaoxiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Value Added Products

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Cathodes for Electrochemical Reduction of CO2: From Macro- to Nano-Engineering

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiqiang (Rob) Hui ◽  
Nima Shaigan ◽  
Vladimir Neburchilov ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Kourosh Malek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Response ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Renewable Energy Storage ◽  
Value Added Products

Rising anthropogenic CO2 emissions and their climate warming effects have triggered a global response in research and development to reduce the emissions of this harmful greenhouse gas. The use of CO2 as a feedstock for the production of value-added fuels and chemicals is a promising pathway for development of renewable energy storage and reduction of carbon emissions. Electrochemical CO2 conversion offers a promising route for value-added products. Considerable challenges still remain, limiting this technology for industrial deployment. This work reviews the latest developments in experimental and modeling studies of three-dimensional cathodes towards high-performance electrochemical reduction of CO2. The fabrication–microstructure–performance relationships of electrodes are examined from the macro- to nanoscale. Furthermore, future challenges, perspectives and recommendations for high-performance cathodes are also presented.

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