Ability of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) to develop on alternative host plant species

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bawin ◽  
David Dujeu ◽  
Lara De Backer ◽  
Frédéric Francis ◽  
François J. Verheggen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Alternative Host ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Survival Sex ◽  
Solanaceae Species ◽  
Solanaceous Plants

AbstractThe tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is a widespread devastating pest reported to develop on economically important solanaceous crops. The characterisation of its host range could help to understand and prevent the dispersion behaviour of the insect in the environment. In this study, the ability of T. absoluta to develop on 12 cultivated or non-cultivated plants including Solanaceae, Amaranthaceae, Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae, and Malvaceae species under laboratory conditions was assessed. For each plant species, we monitored the development times of immature stages, survival, sex ratios, and adult fecundity rates. All the six tested non-solanaceous plants, including Chenopodium Linnaeus (Amaranthaceae), Convolvulus Linnaeus (Convolvulaceae), and Malva Linnaeus (Malvaceae) species, were not able to sustain (i.e., allow growth and development) T. absoluta larvae. Solanum Linnaeus (Solanaceae) species were the most suitable host plants for the pest, but others could be opportunistically colonised with fewer incidences. Tuta absoluta appears to be strongly related to solanaceous plants that would predominantly support self-sustaining field populations. Preventing crop infestation by removing potential host plants in the immediate field vicinity and culture rotations with non-solanaceous crops is of primary importance.

scholarly journals A review of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) host plants and their impact on management strategies

2019 ◽  
pp. 270-278
Author(s):  
Asma Cherif ◽  
François Verheggen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Solanaceae Species ◽  
Cultivated Plant

Introduction. Tuta absoluta is one of the most harmful insect pests of tomato crops worldwide. While its host plants mainly include Solanaceae species, recent studies suggest that it can lay eggs and develop on a wider range of wild and cultivated plants. No complete list of host plants based on available scientific data exists. Such information is important for those who aim at performing integrated management strategies against this pest, especially when it comes to identify host reservoirs where the species can survive between harvests or avoid insecticide exposure. Literature. We identified cultivated and non-cultivated plant species belonging to Solanaceae, Amaranthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Geraniaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Malvaceae that allow partial or complete egg-imago development. Among them, we found out that most non-Solanaceous plants serve as oviposition sites only (with no larval development possible), and a few of them allow partial life cycle (causing late instars to die prematurely). We also identified a strong cultivar-dependence in the most common cultivated plant species including tomato and potato. Conclusions. We discuss the potential of resistant and genetically modified tomato cultivars, plant chemical compounds and fertilization as components of integrated control strategies of T. absoluta.

scholarly journals Update and New Epidemiological Aspects about Grapevine Yellows in Chile

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Quiroga ◽  
Camila Gamboa ◽  
Daniela Soto ◽  
Ana Maria Pino ◽  
Alan Zamorano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Alternative Host ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Grapevine Yellows ◽  
Rubus Ulmifolius ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Study Management

To date, phytoplasmas belonging to six ribosomal subgroups have been detected to infect grapevines in Chile in 36 percent of the sampled plants. A new survey on the presence of grapevine yellows was carried out from 2016 to 2020, and 330 grapevine plants from the most important wine regions of the country were sampled and analyzed by nested PCR/RFLP analyses. Phytoplasmas enclosed in subgroups 16SrIII-J and 16SrVII-A were identified with infection rates of 17% and 2%, respectively. The vineyards in which the phytoplasma-infected plants were detected were further inspected to identify alternative host plants and insects of potential epidemiological relevance. Five previously unreported plant species resulted positive for 16SrIII-J phytoplasma (Rosa spp., Brassica rapa, Erodium spp., Malva spp. and Rubus ulmifolius) and five insect species were fully or partially identified (Amplicephalus ornatus, A. pallidus, A. curtulus, Bergallia sp., Exitianus obscurinervis) as potential vectors of 16SrIII-J phytoplasmas. The 16SrVII-A phytoplasmas were not detected in non-grape plant species nor in insects. This work establishes updated guidelines for the study, management, and prevention of grapevine yellows in Chile, and in other grapevine growing regions of South America.

scholarly journals Antagonistic Interactions Between Fusaria Species and Their Host Plants Are Influenced by Host Taxonomic Distance: A Case Study From Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julieta Benítez-Malvido ◽  
Gerardo Rodríguez-Alvarado ◽  
Mariana Álvarez-Añorve ◽  
Luis D. Ávila-Cabadilla ◽  
Ek del-Val ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Spatial Ecology ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Antagonistic Interactions

Interactions between cultivated and wild plants with their fungal pathogens have strong ecological, evolutionary and economic implications. Antagonistic interactions, however, have been scantily studied in an applied context by using ecological networks, phylogeny and spatial ecology concurrently. In this study, we describe for the first time, the topological structure of plant-fungi networks involving species of the genus Fusarium and their native and introduced (exotic) cultivated host plants in Mexico. For this, we based our study on a recent database describing the attack on 75 native and introduced plant species, including 35 species of the genus Fusarium. Host plant species varied in their degree of phylogenetical relatedness (Monocots and Dicots) and spatial geographical distribution. Therefore, we also tested whether or not plant-Fusarium networks are phylogenetically structured and highlighted the spatial correlation between pathogens and their host plants across the country. In general, the pathogen-plant network is more specialized and compartmentalized in closely related taxa. Closely related hosts are more likely to share the same pathogenic Fusarium species. Host plants are present in different ecosystems and climates, with regions having more cultivated plant species presenting the highest number of fusaria pathogens. From an economic standpoint, different species of the same taxonomic family may be more susceptible to being attacked by the same species of Fusarium, whereas from an ecological standpoint the movement of pathogens may expose wild and cultivated plants to new diseases. Our study highlights the relevance of interaction intimacy in structuring trophic relationships between plants and fusaria species in native and introduced species. Furthermore, we show that the analytical tools regarding host distribution and phylogeny could permit a rapid assessment of which plant species in a region are most likely to be attacked by a given fusaria.

scholarly journals Biological performance and oviposition preference of tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta when offered a range of Solanaceous host plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerson A. Silva ◽  
Elenir A. Queiroz ◽  
Lucas P. Arcanjo ◽  
Mayara C. Lopes ◽  
Tamiris A. Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Wild Tomato ◽  
Black Nightshade ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
American Black ◽  
Biological Performance ◽  
Tomato Pinworm

AbstractThe tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechuidae) is native to South America and has now become the main tomato pest in Europe, Africa and Asia. The wide range of host plants attacked by this pest has been reported as one of the main reasons for the success of this important insect species. However, the information currently available on the biological performance of T. absoluta on Solanaceae has been obtained from a limited number of host species. The Solanaceae family is composed of thousands of species, many of which are potential hosts for T. absoluta. Our results showed that the highest oviposition rates occurred on cultivated tomato plants, potato and wild tomato. The lowest rates occurred on “gilo”, “jurubeba”, green pepper and pepper. The highest survival rates of the immature stages occurred on potato and the lowest on pepper, green pepper and “jurubeba”. Female fertility, following infestation of the different plant species, was highest for insects that developed on tomato or potato and the lowest rates were seen on American black nightshade. The net reproductive rate and the intrinsic growth rate were highest on potato and tomato. Cluster analysis grouped tomato and potato as highly susceptible to attack, American black nightshade, juá, eggplant, gilo and wild tomato as moderately susceptible, whilst pepper, green pepper and jurubeba were categorized as resistant to T. absoluta. These results clearly demonstrate that the choice of solanaceous host plant species has a direct impact on the fitness parameters of the tomato pinworm as well as survival potential, dispersion and establishment at new sites. These results are important for the planning of integrated pest management strategies.

scholarly journals Survey of alternative host plants for Kellys citrus thrips (Pezothrips kellyanus) in citrus growing regions

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Froud ◽  
P. Stevens ◽  
D. Steven
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Alternative Host ◽  
Sampling Occasion ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Definition Of

Kellys citrus thrips (Pezothrips kellyanus) (KCT) has recently been identified as the most serious pest affecting citrus production in New Zealand A literature survey was undertaken to determine previous host records of KCT in New Zealand and Australia An orchard survey to investigate secondary sources or host plants of KCT within lemon orchards and adjacent shelter and roadsides was carried out Potential alternative hosts were sampled in November December and January Flowers from 37 potential host plant species were collected from lemon orchards in Kerikeri and Gisborne and examined for the presence of KCT adults and larvae Banana passionfruit in Kerikeri and catsear in Gisborne were the only plants with KCT adults present on more than one sampling occasion KCT adults were collected from 16 plant species in low numbers but KCT larvae were collected from only two plant species (creeping buttercup and curled dock) The definition of a true host for thrips is discussed

scholarly journals The olfactory coreceptor IR8a governs larval feces-mediated competition avoidance in a hawkmoth

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (43) ◽  
pp. 21828-21833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Sonja Bisch-Knaden ◽  
Richard A. Fandino ◽  
Shuwei Yan ◽  
George F. Obiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Imaging ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Gravid Female ◽  
Food Competition ◽  
Hexanoic Acid ◽  
Alternative Host ◽  
Ionotropic Receptor ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Competition Avoidance ◽  
Solanaceous Plants

Finding a suitable oviposition site is a challenging task for a gravid female moth. At the same time, it is of paramount importance considering the limited capability of most caterpillars to relocate to alternative host plants. The hawkmoth, Manduca sexta (Sphingidae), oviposits on solanaceous plants. Larvae hatching on a plant that is already attacked by conspecific caterpillars can face food competition, as well as an increased exposure to predators and induced plant defenses. Here, we show that feces from conspecific caterpillars are sufficient to deter a female M. sexta from ovipositing on a plant and that this deterrence is based on the feces-emitted carboxylic acids 3-methylpentanoic acid and hexanoic acid. Using a combination of genome editing (CRISPR-Cas9), electrophysiological recordings, calcium imaging, and behavioral analyses, we demonstrate that ionotropic receptor 8a (IR8a) is essential for acid-mediated feces avoidance in ovipositing hawkmoths.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Flora Adjacent to Wine Grape Vineyards for the Presence of Alternative Host Plants of Grapevine red blotch-associated virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (8) ◽  
pp. 1571-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian W. Bahder ◽  
Frank G. Zalom ◽  
Mysore R. Sudarshana
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Wine Grape ◽  
Alternative Host ◽  
Rubus Armeniacus ◽  
Commercial Vineyard ◽  
First Time ◽  
Precise Role

Grapevine red blotch-associated virus (GRBaV) is a recently discovered virus of concern to wine grape production in North America. While the vector of this virus is unknown, other elements of virus epidemiology are essential to develop guidelines for the management of the virus as well as to assist in the search for its vector. The objective of this study was to evaluate vegetation within and surrounding GRBaV-infected vineyards to identify potential virus reservoirs that may serve as sources of inoculum. In this study, 13 plant species were sampled throughout the year and were tested for the presence of GRBaV. Of the 13 species tested, two species, Rubus armeniacus and wild grapes (Vitis californica × V. vinifera), tested positive by quantitative PCR. Of these two species, only wild grapes were determined to be a true host. This study documents the first time GRBaV has been confirmed in an alternative host or in a species outside of a commercial vineyard and suggests that a mechanism exists by which GRBaV moves between plant species that is not human-mediated. The precise role that wild grapes play in the epidemiology of GRBaV remains unknown.

The potential of host plants for biological control of Tuta absoluta by the predator Dicyphus errans

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.L. Ingegno ◽  
V. Candian ◽  
I. Psomadelis ◽  
N. Bodino ◽  
L. Tavella
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Generalist Predator ◽  
Economic Threshold ◽  
Black Nightshade ◽  
Companion Plant ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Exotic Pest

AbstractDicyphus errans (Wolff) has been shown to be a suitable biocontrol agent for Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). This generalist predator shares various host plants with the exotic pest, and these interactions could be exploited to enhance pest control. Therefore, host preference, survival rate and development times of the predator and prey were investigated on crop and non-crop plant species. Among the tested plants, the favourite hosts were Solanum species for T. absoluta, and herb Robert, European black nightshade, courgette and tomato for D. errans. Tuta absoluta accepted the same plant species as hosts for oviposition, but it never developed on herb Robert and courgette in all the experiments. Based on our results, we would suggest the use of courgette and herb Robert in consociation with tomato and as a companion plant, respectively, which may keep pest densities below the economic threshold. Moreover, the omnivorous and widespread D. errans could be a key predator of this exotic pest, allowing a high encounter probability on several cultivated and non-cultivated plant species.

scholarly journals The olfactory co-receptor IR8a governs larval-frass mediated competition avoidance in a hawkmoth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Sonja Bisch-Knaden ◽  
Richard A. Fandino ◽  
Shuwei Yan ◽  
George F. Obiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Imaging ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Gravid Female ◽  
Food Competition ◽  
Hexanoic Acid ◽  
Alternative Host ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Larval Frass ◽  
Competition Avoidance ◽  
Solanaceous Plants

AbstractFinding a suitable oviposition site is a challenging task for a gravid female moth. At the same time, it is of paramount importance considering the limited capability of most caterpillars to relocate to alternative host plants. The hawkmoth, Manduca sexta (Sphingidae), oviposits on solanaceous plants. Larvae hatching on a plant that is already attacked by conspecific caterpillars can face food competition, as well as an increased exposure to predators and induced plant defenses. Here, we show that frass from conspecific caterpillars is sufficient to deter a female M. sexta from ovipositing on a plant and that this deterrence is based on the frass-emitted carboxylic acids 3-methylpentanoic acid and hexanoic acid. Using a combination of genome editing (CRISPR/Cas9), electrophysiological recordings, calcium imaging and behavioral analyses we demonstrate that the ionotropic co-receptor IR8a is essential for acid-mediated frass avoidance in ovipositing hawkmoths.

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