Non-crop habitats serve as a potential source of spotted-wing drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) to adjacent cultivated highbush blueberries (Ericaceae)

AbstractNative to southeast Asia, the spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura); Diptera: Drosophilidae) has become a major pest of small fruits in the Americas and Europe. Field studies were conducted over a two-year period (2015–2016) in cultivated highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum Linnaeus; Ericaceae) fields and adjacent non-crop habitats containing wild blueberries in New Jersey (United States of America). We tracked seasonal changes in D. suzukii adult abundance and fruit infestation throughout the ripening period (June–August). In both years, D. suzukii adult counts post-harvest were generally higher in traps located in non-crop habitats compared with those located in highbush blueberry fields. Wild and cultivated fruits synchronised in maturation, and the numbers of eggs laid and of emerged adults in both fruit types were comparable for most of the season, although sometimes these numbers were higher in wild fruits post-harvest. Overall, immature success (measured as the per cent egg-to-adult survival) was also mostly higher in wild than in cultivated fruits. Altogether, these studies document that non-crop habitats, and wild hosts therein, are used by D. suzukii during fruit ripening and may serve as potential sources of infestation to nearby highbush blueberry fields. Hence, methods that reduce D. suzukii populations in non-crop habitats may help manage this pest in neighbouring highbush blueberries.

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Alanine conjugate of indole-3-butyric acid improves rooting of highbush blueberries

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/34/2012-pse ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 236-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. Mihaljević ◽

B. Salopek-Sondi

Keyword(s):

Butyric Acid ◽

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Highbush Blueberry ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Practical Application ◽

Rooting Of Cuttings ◽

Highbush Blueberries ◽

Set Up ◽

Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Auxins and their synthetic analogues are commonly used for rooting of cuttings, but their efficiency depends on experimental set-up and, even more importantly, on species or cultivar, and type of explants investigated. In attempt to improve rooting procedure for highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), we investigated alanine conjugate of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA-Ala) as potential root-promoting compound and compared with commonly used auxins indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The effect of different concentrations of auxins on the rooting of highbush blueberry stem cuttings (var. Bluecrop, Bluetta, Burlington and Jersey) and in vitro-derived microcuttings (var. Jersey) was investigated. Auxin treatments significantly promoted rooting of all four varieties in comparison to control. The most efficient rooting promoter in all varieties appeared IBA-Ala (provided up to 83%, and 93% of the rooted cuttings and microcuttings, respectively). Furthermore, IBA-Ala caused a vigorous, well-branched root system that resulted in better acclimatization and survival of plants. Results suggest the application of IBA-Ala may be beneficial for rooting of difficult-to-root varieties of blueberry and related species and their practical application in the nursery industry.  

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POSTHARVEST CaCl2 DIPS INCREASE HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY FIRMNESS

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.582a ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 582a-582

Author(s):

Jane Beggs

Keyword(s):

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Highbush Blueberry ◽

Hard Surface ◽

Immature Fruit ◽

Pvc Pipe ◽

Degree Of Damage ◽

Highbush Blueberries ◽

Water Tanks ◽

Tank Water

Deformed or damaged berries reduce the grade of frozen highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Before berries are frozen, immature fruit are commonly removed by density sorting in water tanks. Three studies were conducted to determine if the firmness or quality of highbush blueberries could be improved by the addition of CaCl2 to sorting tank water. `Bluecrop' and `Jersey' berries were dipped in CaCl2 solutions (0.0-4.0%) for periods of 0.5-8.0 minutes. The effect of rinsing the fruit after treatment was also studied. Berries were held at 2C for several days before evaluation. A 61.5 cm length of PVC pipe (4.0 cm. I.D.) was filled to a depth of 50 cm. with berries and dropped 4 times on to a hard surface from a height of 10 cm. The compression of the column of berries was measured and berries were removed and visually sorted according to the degree of damage. The amount of compression and number of damaged berries were inversely related to the CaCl2 concentration. Rinsing berries immediately after dips negated the effects of CaCl2. Treatment with CaCl2 may result in objectionable flavors.

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Determining Diuron, Simazine, and Methiocarb Residues in Highbush Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum)

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.28.1.33 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 33-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C.B. Ely ◽

R.E. Frans ◽

T.L. Lavy ◽

R.E. Talbert ◽

J.D. Mattice

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Highbush Blueberry ◽

Reverse Phase Hplc ◽

Reverse Phase ◽

Tolerance Level ◽

Ultraviolet Absorbance ◽

Absorbance Detection ◽

Highbush Blueberries ◽

Over The Top

Two-year-old highbush blueberry bushes (Vaccinium corymbosum L. `Collins') were treated in Mar. 1985 with diuron or simazine at 2.2 or 4.5 kg a.i./ha. No residues were detected by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet absorbance detection (HPLC-UV) from treated berries that were harvested in June. Methiocarb was applied in May 1986 at 0.84 and 3 kg·ha-1 over the top of 3-year-old `Collins' when the berries began to ripen. Reverse-phase HPLC-UV of berries treated with methiocarb at 3 kg·ha-1 had combined residues of methiocarb and its sulfone and sulfoxide metabolites of 13.1 ppm from unrinsed and 7 ppm from rinsed berries harvested on the day of treatment; 4.9 ppm from unrinsed and 4 ppm from rinsed berries harvested 4 days after treatment; and 2.4 ppm from unrinsed and 2.5 ppm from rinsed berries harvested 8 days after treatment. Unrinsed berries treated with methiocarb at 0.84 kg·ha-1 had 5.7 ppm residue on the day of treatment and 1 ppm 8 days later. Residues from berries treated with methiocarb at 0.84 or 3 kg·ha-1 were below the legal tolerance level of 5 ppm after the required 7-day waiting period. Chemical names used: n'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N -dimethylurea (diuron); 6-chloro- N,N' -diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (simazine); 3,5-dimethyl-4-(methylthio)phenol methylcarbamate (methiocarb).

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Photosynthetic Heat Stability in Highbush Blueberries and the Possibility of Genetic Improvement

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.10.1111 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (10) ◽

pp. 1111-1112 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

J.F. Hancock ◽

K. Haghighi ◽

S.L. Krebs ◽

J.A. Flore ◽

A.D. Draper

Keyword(s):

Genetic Improvement ◽

Heat Stability ◽

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Highbush Blueberry ◽

Tolerant Species ◽

Temperature Adaptations ◽

Heat Tolerant ◽

Highbush Blueberries

Seven highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars were evaluated for their photosynthetic heat stability. Ail showed significant reductions in CO2 assimilation rates (A) as leaf temperatures were raised from 20 to 30C, although `Blue-crop', `Jersey', `Elliot', and `Rubel' (22% to - 27%) were significantly less affected than Spartan', `Bluejay', and `Patriot' (-41% to -51%). To determine whether temperature adaptations of highbush types can be broadened through hybridization with native, heat-tolerant species, `Bluecrop' was crossed with the V. darrowi Camp. selection Florida 4B, and F2, BC1, and BC2, populations were generated. This approach showed promise as genotypes were identified in all the derivative populations that were more heat tolerant than `Bluecrop' and had a high A.

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Evaluation of Phytotoxicity of Diazinon and Captan Formulations on Highbush Blueberries

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.10.2.308 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 308-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sridhar Polavarapu

Keyword(s):

Untreated Control ◽

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Highbush Blueberry ◽

Application Date ◽

Highbush Blueberries ◽

Time Of Harvest ◽

Over Time

A common practice in highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) culture is to use combinations of insecticides and fungicides to reduce the number and cost of pesticide applications. In response to apparent phytotoxicity observed in commercial fields that were treated with combinations of diazinon and captan formulations, phytotoxicity of two formulations of diazinon (Diazinon AG600 and Diazinon 50W) and captan (Captan 80WP and Captec 4L) was investigated on highbush blueberries during 1997 and 1998. Phytotoxicity injury similar to injury observed in commercial fields was reproduced in treatments with diazinon and captan mixtures in all experiments. The Diazinon AG600 and Captec 4L mixture was the most severe and caused significantly more phytotoxic-ity to fruit and leaves than individual treatments of Diazinon AG600, Captec 4L or untreated control. Separation of diazinon and captan applications by 8 h significantly reduced phytotoxicity compared to mixture treatments. Injured fruit and leaves recovered over time and most treatments showed only a mild injury at the time of harvest. Phytotoxicity on fruit and leaves caused by Diazinon AG600 and Captec 4L mixture was significantly affected by application date with the earliest application causing the greatest injury. These data indicate that diazinon and captan mixtures cause phytotoxicity on highbush blueberries and therefore the two should not be applied in combination.

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Postharvest Infection of Highbush Blueberries following Contact with Infested Surfaces

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.6.981 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 981-983 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

W.O. Cline

Keyword(s):

Fungal Infection ◽

Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Highbush Blueberry ◽

Alternaria Tenuissima ◽

Surface Wetness ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Highbush Blueberries

The effects of inoculum, surface wetness, and stem scar on postharvest fungal infection of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) fruit were evaluated by exposing berries of the cultivars Bluechip (small, dry stem scar) and Blueray (large, wet stem scar) to infested and noninfested surfaces under wet or dry conditions. Rots caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz. and Alternaria tenuissima (Kunze:Fr.) Wiltshire were evaluated. Field-harvested berries stored for 7 days at 21 °C resulted in baseline infection levels of 1.5% (`Bluechip') and 18.7% (`Blueray') for C. gloeosporioides, and 10.1% vs. 28.9%, respectively, for A. tenuissima. Wet stem scars, infestation of handling surfaces, and addition of moisture were all responsible for increasing postharvest rots; however, most of the significant increases in rots occurred with a combination of two or more of these factors.

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Deterrent Effects of Essential Oils on Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii): Implications for Organic Management in Berry Crops

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11080536 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 536

Author(s):

Matthew Gullickson ◽

Claire Flavin Hodge ◽

Adrian Hegeman ◽

Mary Rogers

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Field Studies ◽

Field Trials ◽

Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽

Rubus Idaeus ◽

Drosophila Suzukii ◽

Nepeta Cataria ◽

Botanical Products ◽

Berry Crops ◽

Number Of Plant Species

Due to concerns about frequent applications of spinosad and other broad spectrum insecticides for managing spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, SWD), we investigated the use of essential oils as an alternative to current insecticides. Essential oils from a number of plant species have been studied for their attraction and deterrence of SWD. However, these botanical products have not been thoroughly tested in the field. We conducted laboratory and field studies to determine the efficacy of botanical products, including lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) oil, catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) oil, KeyPlex Ecotrol® PLUS, and KeyPlex Sporan® EC2 on preventing SWD infestation in raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) and blueberry (Vacciniumcorymbosum L.) crops. In a two-choice laboratory bioassay, lavender oil, Ecotrol, and Sporan treatments deterred SWD from a yeast-cornmeal-sugar based fly diet. In the field trials, raspberry fruit treated with Ecotrol had lower SWD infestation (6%), compared to the control (17%), and was comparable to spinosad (6%). No differences were seen in blueberry infestation. The combination of essential oils in Ecotrol may work to decrease SWD fruit infestation under certain conditions in the field, however more research is needed on the longevity of these products.

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Evaluation of Monitoring Traps and Lures for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Berry Plantings in Florida

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects10100313 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 313 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dasia S. Harmon ◽

Muhammad Haseeb ◽

Lambert H. B. Kanga ◽

Oscar E. Liburd

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Highbush Blueberry ◽

Limited Information ◽

Drosophila Suzukii ◽

Trapping Period ◽

Southern Highbush ◽

Monitoring Traps

Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive insect pest that was detected in Florida in August 2009 in Hillsborough County. Very limited information is available for berry growers to properly detect and monitor this serious pest in southern highbush blueberry (hybrids of Vaccinium corymbosum L. × V. darrowi Camp), rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium virgatum L.), and blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) production systems. We compared several D. suzukii traps and lures/baits at two sites in Florida. The traps evaluated included Trécé, Scentry, and a standard homemade cup trap. These traps were compared with various baits and lures, including Trécé lure, Scentry lure, yeast bait, and Suzukii trap, under Florida production systems. Early detection is important to develop an effective monitoring system so management action can be taken before economic damage occurs. Data were recorded as overall trends, as well as in 4–5 trapping periods from early to late season. Overall, the Scentry trap baited with Scentry lure, the Trécé trap baited with Trécé lure + yeast, and the Trécé trap baited with Scentry lure were the best performing traps. Yeast-based traps were also attractive to D. suzukii early in the season, but they did not provide consistent captures as the season progressed. The Scentry trap with yeast bait, the Scentry trap with Scentry lure, the Trécé trap with Trécé lure + yeast bait, and a cup trap with yeast bait caught most of the flies during the first trapping period in 2015 and 2016 in the rabbiteye blueberry. In the southern highbush blueberry, the population of D. suzukii was much lower than in the rabbiteye blueberry planting, and the Scentry trap with Scentry lure captured the highest number of flies during the first trapping period in 2016. In the blackberry, the Scentry trap with Scentry lure numerically had the highest captures during the first trapping period, but this was not significantly different from the cup trap with yeast bait, the Trécé trap baited with Suzukii trap, and the Trécé trap with Trécé lure. Overall, the Scentry trap with Scentry lure was the most consistent trap that captured D. suzukii flies throughout the season in the three production systems—rabbiteye blueberry, southern highbush blueberry, and blackberry. Growers in low pressure systems that are similar to Florida can use the Scentry trap with Scentry lure to monitor D. suzukii populations.

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Effects of interplanting peppermint (Lamiaceae) in strawberry (Rosaceae) on Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and seed-feeding pests (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae, Miridae, Rhyparochromidae)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/tce.2020.34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 152 (4) ◽

pp. 575-586 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Justin M. Renkema ◽

Andrew Frewin ◽

Rebecca H. Hallett

Keyword(s):

Field Studies ◽

Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽

Mentha Piperita ◽

Lygus Lineolaris ◽

Fragaria Ananassa ◽

Aromatic Plants ◽

Drosophila Suzukii ◽

Crop Pest ◽

Berry Crops ◽

Second Year

AbstractSpotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae)) is a pest of tender fruit and berry crops because female flies oviposit in ripening fruit. Frequent insecticide applications are needed for control during fruit ripening, with few noninsecticide options available. The effect of interplanting peppermint (Mentha × piperita Linnaeus (Lamiaceae)) in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne (Rosaceae)) on D. suzukii fruit infestation was investigated because peppermint essential oil deterred D. suzukii from fruit in the laboratory, and interplanted aromatic plants reduced crop pest populations in other field studies. Regardless of whether peppermint was untrimmed or periodically trimmed to reduce shading of strawberries and promote release of volatiles, D. suzukii infestation was consistently lowest in strawberries adjacent to no peppermint. Interplanted peppermint also reduced strawberry yield in the second year of the experiment. Abundance of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Hemiptera: Miridae), a strawberry pest, was higher in plots with peppermint, but abundances of Ligyrocoris diffusus (Uhler) (Hemiptera: Rhyparochromidae) and Neortholomus scolopax (Say) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), seed feeders but not common strawberry pests, were lower in plots with peppermint. Overall, interplanted peppermint is not recommended for D. suzukii management, but other strategies for using volatile, repellent compounds in the field should be investigated.

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POLLEN STORAGE AND FORAGING BY HONEY BEES (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) IN HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRIES (ERICACEAE), CULTIVAR BLUECROP

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent131757-6 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 131 (6) ◽

pp. 757-768 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Margriet H. Dogterom ◽

Mark L. Winston

Keyword(s):

Apis Mellifera ◽

Honey Bees ◽

Colony Size ◽

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Highbush Blueberry ◽

Pollen Foraging ◽

Pollen Storage ◽

Pollen Types ◽

Average Proportion ◽

Highbush Blueberries

AbstractWe investigated pollen and nectar foraging of honey bees, Apis mellifera L., from pollen-poor and pollen-rich, small and large colonies in blooming highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Bluecrop fields. The proportion of pollen foragers differed significantly between pollen-rich and pollen-poor colonies after storage levels were manipulated, but foraging and pollen stores returned to similar levels within a week. No differences were found in small colonies, although the proportion of pollen foragers was high (46% and 45% from pollen-rich and pollen-poor colonies, respectively). Only 7.6% of pollen foragers carried Vaccinium sp. pollen in their loads independent of treatment, day, and colony size, whereas 60.8% of nectar foragers carried up to 100 tetrads of Vaccinium sp. pollen on their bodies. The average proportion of Vaccinium sp. pollen carried by nectar and pollen foragers per day and treatment was less than 10%. Our research indicates that when colonies are placed in fields of blooming blueberry flowers, pollen foraging is stimulated in large colonies with stores that are pollen poor, but predominantly for pollen types other than blueberry. This research indicates that nectar foragers are the major visitor of highbush blueberry cv. Bluecrop and suggests that increasing the number of nectar foragers rather than pollen foragers would result in more honey bees foraging on highbush blueberry, in particular cv. Bluecrop.

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