Geometrical design characteristics of orthodontic mini-implants predicting maximum insertion torque

Objective The objective of this study was to determine the effect of cortical piezo-puncture (CPP) on maximum insertion torque (MIT), maximum removal torque (MRT), and maximum axial load (MAL) during the insertion of self-drilling miniscrew implants (MSI), in an experimental model with proximal epiphysis of bovine tibia. Materials and Methods A comparative study was conducted using two groups of 20 self-drilling MSI inserted in intact bone (control group) and in bone with previous CPP (experimental group). MIT, MRT, and MAL of the 20 mini implants of each group were measured. Using SPSS software, Student’s t-test was applied to compare MIT and MRT and the U-test Mann–Whitney test was applied to compare MAL in both groups as well as Pearson and Spearman correlation. Results In the experimental group, average values of 12.85 (±4,32) Newton x centimeters (Ncm), 13.7 (±4,54) Ncm, and 22,474 (±895,95) gF for MIT, MRT, and MAL were found, respectively. In the control group, average values found for MIT, MRT, and MAL were 20.2 (±4,7) Ncm, 22.3 (±5,17) Ncm, and 4688,7 (±320,18) gF, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed in MIT, MRT, and MAL between control and experimental groups (P < 0,001). Conclusions CPP before insertion of orthodontic MSI in bovine tibia significantly reduces MIT, MRT, and MAL.

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Effect of vertical placement angle on the insertion torque of mini-implants in human alveolar bone

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/2177-6709.21.5.047-052.oar ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 47-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rafael Ribeiro Maya ◽

◽

Célia Regina Maio Pinzan-Vercelino ◽

Julio de Araujo Gurgel ◽

Keyword(s):

Alveolar Bone ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Primary Stability ◽

Insertion Torque ◽

Significance Level ◽

Mini Implants ◽

Implant Placement ◽

Human Cadavers ◽

Ex Vivo Study ◽

Posterior Area

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present ex-vivo study was to evaluate the effect of the vertical placement angle of mini-implants on primary stability by analyzing maximum insertion torque (MIT). Methods: Mini-implants were placed in 30 human cadavers, inserted at either a 90° or 60° angle to the buccal surface of the maxillary first molar. Out of 60 self-drilling mini-implants used, half were of the cylindrical type and half were of the conical type. Primary stability was assessed by means of measuring the MIT. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Newman-Keuls tests. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Results: The MIT was higher for both mini-implant types when they were placed at a 90° angle (17.27 and 14.40 Ncm) compared with those placed at a 60° angle (14.13 and 11.40 Ncm). Conclusions: MIT values were differed according to the vertical mini-implant placement angle in the maxillary posterior area. Regardless of the type of mini-implant used, placement at a 90° angle resulted in a higher MIT.

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Insertion torque recordings for the diagnosis of contact between orthodontic mini-implants and dental roots: a systematic review

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-016-0227-3 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Reint Meursinge Reynders ◽

Luisa Ladu ◽

Laura Ronchi ◽

Nicola Di Girolamo ◽

Jan de Lange ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Insertion Torque ◽

Mini Implants

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Evaluation of Stability of Surface-Treated Mini-Implants in Diabetic Rabbits

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2014/838356 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nam-Hee Oh ◽

Eun-Young Kim ◽

Janghyun Paek ◽

Yoon-Ah Kook ◽

Do-Min Jeong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Treatment ◽

Primary Stability ◽

Surface Group ◽

Diabetic Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Insertion Torque ◽

Control Groups ◽

Mini Implants ◽

Diabetic Rabbits ◽

And Control

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of surface treatment of mini-implants in diabetes-induced rabbits by comparing osseointegration around mini-implants.Methods. Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two groups (alloxan-induced diabetic group and control group). A total of 48 mini-implants were placed after four weeks of diabetic induction. 24 mini-implants were surface-treated with SLA (sandblasted with large grit, and acid etched) and the remaining 24 mini-implants had smooth surfaces. Four weeks after placement, 32 mini-implants were removed from 4 control and 4 diabetic rabbits. Insertion and removal torques were measured. The remaining 16 mini-implants from the two groups were histomorphometrically analyzed.Results. Maximum insertion torque showed no difference between diabetic and control groups, but total insertion energy was higher in control group. In surface-treated mini-implants, maximum removal torque was higher in both diabetic and control groups. Bone-implant contact (BIC) was increased in the control group when compared to the diabetic group. Surface-treated group had higher BIC than smooth surface group in both control and diabetic groups. However, there was no significantly statistical difference.Conclusions. Type 1 diabetes mellitus and surface treatment method of mini-implant affected primary stability of mini-implants. In addition, the use of orthodontic mini-implants in a diabetic patient is likely to show results similar to the healthy patient.

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Insertion torque, pull-out strength and cortical bone thickness in contact with orthodontic mini-implants at different insertion angles

European Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1093/ejo/cjs095 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 766-771 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

T. M. Meira ◽

O. M. Tanaka ◽

M. M. Ronsani ◽

I. T. Maruo ◽

O. Guariza-Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cortical Bone ◽

Insertion Torque ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Cortical Bone Thickness ◽

Mini Implants ◽

Pull Out ◽

Pull Out Strength

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EFFECT OF ANGLED INSTALLATION OF ORTHODONTIC MINI-IMPLANTS ON PRIMARY STABILITY

Journal of Research in Dentistry ◽

10.19177/jrd.v2e22014169-75 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 169

Author(s):

Fabiana Padovan Di Lello ◽

Flávia Regina Vergamine Salles Sgarbi ◽

Eloisa Marcantonio Boeck ◽

Nadia Lunardi ◽

Rodolfo Jorge Boeck Neto

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Primary Stability ◽

Insertion Torque ◽

Medullary Bone ◽

Removal Torque ◽

Synthetic Bone ◽

Whitney Test ◽

Mini Implants ◽

Torque Wrench

AIM: The aim of this work was evaluate the insertion and removal torque for orthodontic mini-implants inserted in different inclination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten self-drilling mini-implants from the brand SIN (Sistema de Implantes Nacional, São Paulo/SP, Brazil), and the surgical kit for their insertion were used. Two plaques of synthetic bone of 120 mm x 170 mm x 41,5 mm were used (Sawbones, Pacific Research Laboratories Inc, Vashon, Wash), with 1,5 mm height, simulating the cortical bone (density 40 pcf) and 40 mm simulating the medullary bone (density 15 pcf). In each block, five areas were demarcated for each mark, totalizing ten areas. The ten mini-implants were inserted by the same operator, previously calibrated; five of them at 900 and five at 600, using the manual key kit. After the insertion of all the mini-implants, the final threading and the reading of insertion torque value were carried out with a manual torque wrench digital Lutron TQ-8800 (Lutron Electronic Enterprise Co., Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan) until the trans-mucosal profile achieve the cortical bone. The maximum insertion torque value was registered in N/cm. After all the implants inserted, the measurement of removal torque was started, performed in the same way of insertion, but in the opposite anticlockwise. The results were submitted to the T test (parametric) and to a Mann-Whitney test (non-parametric). RESULTS: The results demonstrated that the insertion torque was lower than the removal one in both insertion degrees, with statistically significance. Despite insertion torque at 90 degrees had been lightly higher than that inserted at 60 degrees, they were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In view of the results, it was possible conclude that insertion at 60º angulation does not offer advantages to the primary stability for orthodontic mini-implants.

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Insertion torque versus mechanical resistance of mini- implants inserted in different cortical thickness

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/2176-9451.19.3.090-094.oar ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 90-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Renata de Faria Santos ◽

Antonio Carlos de Oliveira Ruellas ◽

Daniel Jogaib Fernandes ◽

Carlos Nelson Elias

Keyword(s):

Surface Morphology ◽

Cortical Thickness ◽

Smooth Surface ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Mechanical Resistance ◽

Insertion Torque ◽

Mini Implants ◽

Before And After ◽

Torsional Fracture

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to measure insertion torque, tip mechanical resistance to fracture and transmucosal neck of mini-implants (MI) (Conexão Sistemas de PróteseT), as well as to analyze surface morphology. METHODS: Mechanical tests were carried out to measure the insertion torque of MIs in different cortical thicknesses, and tip mechanical resistance to fracture as well as transmucosal neck of MIs. Surface morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after the mechanical tests. RESULTS: Values of mechanical resistance to fracture (22.14 N.cm and 54.95 N.cm) were higher and statistically different (P < 0.05) from values of insertion torque for 1-mm (7.60 N.cm) and 2-mm (13.27 N.cm) cortical thicknesses. Insertion torque was statistically similar (P > 0.05) to torsional fracture in the tip of MI (22.14 N.cm) when 3 mm cortical thickness (16.11 N.cm) and dense bone (23.95 N.cm) were used. Torsional fracture of the transmucosal neck (54.95 N.cm) was higher and statistically different (P < 0.05) from insertion torsional strength in all tested situations. SEM analysis showed that the MIs had the same smooth surface when received from the manufacturer and after the mechanical tests were performed. Additionally, no significant marks resulting from the manufacturing process were observed. CONCLUSION: All mini-implants tested presented adequate surface morphology. The resistance of mini-implants to fracture safely allows placement in 1 and 2-mm cortical thickness. However, in 3-mm cortical thickness and dense bones, pre-drilling with a bur is recommended before insertion.

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