FIGURE 25: World production of raw sugar, main producers

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Production ◽  
Raw Sugar

Sugarcane Weevil Borer (Rhabdoscelus Obscurus) in Fiji Islands and Recommendations Towards Its Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
Danian Singh ◽  
Lionel Joseph ◽  
Zafiar Naaz ◽  
Kelera Railoa
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Fiji Islands ◽  
The World ◽  
Raw Sugar ◽  
Viable Method ◽  
Sugarcane Weevil ◽  
Sugarcane Industry

Pests have been a constant threat to agriculture the world over. In the Fiji Islands where the major agricultural export commodity is raw sugar, the Sugarcane weevil borer is one such agricultural pest that poses a real threat to an already ailing industry. The Sugarcane weevil borer (Rhabdoscelus obscure) is a pest originally found in Papua New Guinea whose introduction into Fiji has resulted in crop damage particularly to the soft variety of sugarcane found in Fiji. This review highlights the emergence of the weevil borer and explains a possible control that could be implemented by the Fijian farmers. The current method of control in Fiji uses the split billet trap. While this method has been recognized as an economically viable method of controlling the spread of the weevil borer, it has not been completely effective in eradicating the pest. This paper highlights and puts forth recommendations on other methods which could be used by the sugarcane industry.

Russia in the World Production and Market of Potatoes and Fruit and Vegetable Products

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Yu.I. Agirbov ◽  
◽  
R.R. Mukhametzyanov ◽  
E.V. Britik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
World Market ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
World Production ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Vegetable Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Qualitative Changes

In 1961-2018 in the world as a whole, the gross harvest of potatoes increased from 290.6 million tons to 368.2 million tons, that is, 1.36 times. Over the same period, the production of vegetables and food melons increased from 197.7 million tons to 1,088.8 million tons (5.51 times), and fruits and berries from 199.9 million tons to 867.8 million tons (4.34 times). In a number of states in 1992-2018 the corresponding increase significantly exceeded the average values for the world as a whole, as a result of which their place in the global ranking increased, and the positions of some traditional producers of potatoes and fruits and vegetables decreased. For example, in terms of gross harvest of potatoes in 1992, Russia was in first place, and Poland was in third, while in 2018 they were in 4th and 9th positions, respectively. In terms of vegetable production, Italy and Japan were displaced from 4th and 5th places, which were taken by Turkey and Nigeria. In terms of gross harvests of fruits and berries, Turkey occupied the fifth position in total world production by 2018, although in 1992 it belonged to Italy. Quantitative and qualitative changes inevitably have a significant impact on both the volume of the world market and the parameters of international trade in potatoes, vegetables and melons, fruits and berries. Processes in foreign economic liberalization and economic integration contributed to an increase in the specialization and concentration of production of relevant plants in countries with more favorable natural and climatic conditions, as well as a gradual increase in demand for potatoes, vegetables and melons, fruits and berries from a number of states, including those that used to meet the needs of their population in large volumes at the expense of their own producers. The Russian Federation is one of the significant players in the world potato and fruit and vegetable market. Despite the increase in gross fruit and vegetable production in recent years, Russia’s positions in the global rating dropped from 7th to 10th place in vegetables and melons, from 20th to 31st place in fruits and berries. As for potatoes, there was a decrease in the volume of its production, as a result, Russia dropped from 1st place in 1992 to 4th place in 2018.

Extra colour removal in a refinery

2011 ◽  
pp. 718-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Diego ◽  
Fernando Martín ◽  
Marta G de Quevedo ◽  
Jaime Sagristá
Keyword(s):  
Refining Process ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Sodium Bisulphite ◽  
Powdered Carbon ◽  
Raw Sugar ◽  
Sugar Refinery ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
Main Factor

The main factor affecting the raw sugar refining process is certainly “colour”. The higher colour removal, the higher is the obtained sugar yield. Therefore, colour removal is the main goal throughout the process. In a conventional sugar refinery colour is removed in the purification and decolorisation steps – the second one is normally done using ion-exchange resins – but there are some other ways of colour removal such as adding some colour removing agents (powdered carbon, sodium bisulphite, PCC [precipitated calcium carbonate]). In this article the pilot plant results of experiments of increasing colour removal in the refining process are described, such as PCC addition, 3rd carbonatation (re-purification), hydrogen peroxide addition, powdered carbon addition, sodium bisulphite addition and crystallization improvements. The good results achieved in some of these trials led to perform some industrial trials, the results of wich are summarized in this article as well.

A single-product crystallization scheme

2011 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Mike Inkson ◽  
Philip Antier ◽  
Malcolm Topfer
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Double Effect ◽  
Target Color ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Single Product ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Raw Sugar ◽  
Stage Crystallization

During the SIT conference in Dubai 2005 a single strike crystallization scheme model based on the way that Russian beet factory operated when refining raw sugar was proposed and suggested that it would be particularly suitable for medium size refineries up to about 2000 t/d RSO (refined sugar output). Now there is operational a 1700 t/d RSO stand-alone refinery that uses the scheme. It melts up to VHP raw sugar with 1200 IU (ICUMSA units) and runs carbonatation followed by a light dosing of PAC (powdered activated carbon) as necessary then double effect evaporation to produce fine liquor. Target color for the fine liquor is 340 IU. The centrifugal run-off needs to be segregated into the higher purity, lower color (so-called white) and lower purity, higher color (so called ‘green’) run-off. The white run-off (about 75%) is sent to white crystallization. The remaining 25% (green run-off) is sent to a three-stage crystallization recovery but, given the high purity regime without affination, the ‘A’ sugar is melted back to fine liquor having been crystallized and purged as if food quality. The results presented in the paper show that the refinery is operating broadly as predicted, producing a refined sugar to EEC 2 standard.

scholarly journals Saccharina latissima Cultivated in Northern Norway: Reduction of Potentially Toxic Elements during Processing in Relation to Cultivation Depth

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1290
Author(s):  
Marthe Jordbrekk Blikra ◽  
Xinxin Wang ◽  
Philip James ◽  
Dagbjørn Skipnes
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Raw Sugar ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Product Segmentation

There is an increasing interest in the use of Saccharina latissima (sugar kelp) as food, but the high iodine content in raw sugar kelp limits the daily recommended intake to relatively low levels. Processing strategies for iodine reduction are therefore needed. Boiling may reduce the iodine content effectively, but not predictably, since reductions from 38–94% have been reported. Thus, more information on which factors affect the reduction of iodine are needed. In this paper, sugar kelp cultivated at different depths were rinsed and boiled, to assess the effect of cultivation depth on the removal efficacy of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), especially iodine, cadmium, and arsenic, during processing. Raw kelp cultivated at 9 m contained significantly more iodine than kelp cultivated at 1 m, but the difference disappeared after processing. Furthermore, the content of cadmium and arsenic was not significantly affected by cultivation depth. The average reduction during rinsing and boiling was 85% for iodine and 43% for arsenic, but no significant amount of cadmium, lead, or mercury was removed. Cultivation depths determined the relative effect of processing on the iodine content, with a higher reduction for kelp cultivated at 9 m (87%) compared to 1 m (82%). When not taken into consideration, cultivation depth could mask small reductions in iodine content during rinsing or washing. Furthermore, since the final content of PTEs was not dependent on the cultivation depth, the type and extent of processing determines whether cultivation depth should be considered as a factor in cultivation infrastructure design and implementation, or alternatively, in product segmentation.

World Production of Raw Materials. (Information Department Papers, No. 18b.)

1941 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 327-327
Author(s):  
C. H. Desch
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
World Production

Ramie: Patterns of World Production and Trade

1989 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan B. Hester ◽  
Mary L. Yuen
Keyword(s):  
World Production

Oilseed rape

1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Scarisbrick ◽  
R. W. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
World Production ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
The Third ◽  
Important Crop ◽  
The Uk

Oilseed rape is currently the third most important crop in the UK after barley and wheat. Field experiments show that despite the already attractive yields the full potential of the crop has not yet been achieved. However, its future is uncertain in that the area devoted to it within the EEC—representing one-fifth of world production—is strongly influenced by the financial incentives offered. It is suggested that within the Community output should be limited to 3.3m tonnes p.a. for the next five years.

Integrating intelligent job-scheduling into a real-world production-scheduling system

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Kurbel ◽  
Andreas Ruppel
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Production Scheduling ◽  
Job Scheduling ◽  
World Production ◽  
Scheduling System
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