scholarly journals The Relationship between Physical Activity and Bone during Adolescence Differs according to Sex and Biological Maturity

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin K. Weeks ◽  
Belinda R. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Tissue Mass

This study examines the relationships between bone mass, physical activity, and maturational status in healthy adolescent boys and girls.Methods. Ninety-nine early high-school (Year 9) students were recruited. Physical activity and other lifestyle habits were recorded via questionnaire. Anthropometrics, muscle power, calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), bone mineral content (BMC), and lean tissue mass were measured. Maturity was determined by Tanner stage and estimated age of peak height velocity (APHV).Results. Boys had greater APHV, weight, height, muscle power, and dietary calcium than girls (). Boys exhibited greater femoral neck BMC and trochanteric BMC while girls had higher BUA and spine BMAD (). Physical activity and vertical jump predicted BMAD and BUA most strongly for boys whereas years from APHV were the strongest predictor for girls.Conclusion. Sex-specific relationships exist between physical activity, maturity and bone mass during adolescence.

scholarly journals Biological maturity and the anthropometric, physical and technical assessment of talent identified U16 Australian footballers

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley J Cripps ◽  
Christopher Joyce ◽  
Carl T Woods ◽  
Luke S Hopper
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Technical Skill ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
State Representation ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Biological Maturation ◽  
Australian Football

This study compared biological maturation, anthropometric, physical and technical skill measures between talent and non-talent identified junior Australian footballers. Players were recruited from the under 16 Western Australian Football League and classified as talent (state representation; n = 25, 15.7 ± 0.3 y) or non-talent identified (non-state representation; n = 25, 15.6 ± 0.4 y). Players completed a battery of anthropometric, physical and technical skill assessments. Maturity was estimated using years from peak height velocity calculations. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the variables demonstrating the strongest association with the main effect of ‘status’. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to assess the level of discrimination provided by the strongest model. Talent identified under 16 players were biologically older, had greater stationary and dynamic leaps and superior handball skill when compared to their non-talent identified counterparts. The strongest model of status included standing height, non-dominant dynamic vertical jump and handball outcomes (AUC = 83.4%, CI = 72.1%–95.1%). Biological maturation influences anthropometric and physical capacities that are advantageous for performance in Australian football; talent identification methods should factor biological maturation as a confound in the search for junior players who are most likely to succeed in senior competition.

Maturity-Related Variation in Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Among 9–14 Year Olds

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric E. Wickel ◽  
Joey C. Eisenmann ◽  
Gregory J. Welk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Biological Maturity

Background:This study compared physical activity levels among early, average, and late maturing boys and girls.Methods:Physical activity was assessed with an Actigraph accelerometer in 161 (76 boys, 85 girls) 9 to 14 year olds over 7 consecutive days. Anthropometric variables were measured and the maturity offset (ie, years from peak height velocity) was predicted. Biological maturity groups (early, average, and late) were created based on the mean estimated age at peak height velocity for boys and girls separately.Results:Levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were similar between early, average, and late maturing boys and girls after adjusting for differences in chronological age. Levels of MVPA progressively declined across chronological age in boys and girls (P < .001) and gender differences existed at 10-, 12-, and 13-years, with boys having higher levels than girls (P < .05). When aligned according to biological age, gender-related differences in MVPA did not exist.Conclusions:Within this sample of 9 to 14 year old boys and girls, there were no significant differences in MVPA among early, average, and late maturing individuals.

scholarly journals Comparison of maturation and physical performance in basketball athletes of different playing positions

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Keila Barazetti ◽  
Pedro Rafael Varoni ◽  
Fernando de Souza Campos ◽  
Michelli Demarchi ◽  
Lucielle Baumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Sitting Height

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of somatic maturation, anthropometric and physical performance (vertical jump and aerobic power) in young basketball players of different playing positions (under 13 years) and analyze these relationships using Peak Height Velocity (PHV) as a measure of somatic maturation. For this, 26 male athletes were evaluated. Anthropometric variables were: body mass, standing and sitting height, and length of lower limbs. Maturation was determined by age at PHV. Physical performance was determined by lower limb power (counter movement jump - CMJ) and aerobic power (Intermittent Recovery Test) tests. MANOVA reported significant differences (p<0.05) among playing positions regarding variables Maturity Offset, estimated PHV age, standing height, sitting height, estimated leg length, body mass and Yo-Yo IR1. In addition, it was identified that point guards reached estimated PHV at later age than their peers who act as small forwards and centers. Regarding CMJ, no significant differences were identified among playing positions, but in relation to aerobic power, point guards and small forwards presented higher performance. These findings confirm that maturation has great effect on growth and physical performance measures and the estimated PHV age is an applicable tool in young athletes, mainly aiding professionals in structuring the teaching-learning- training process in this age group.

scholarly journals Hubungan Status Gizi dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Remaja

Jurnal Gizi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Romadhiyana Kisno Saputri ◽  
Akhmad Al-Bari ◽  
Ria Indah Kusuma Pitaloka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Overweight Adolescents

Adolescence is peak height velocity that affect changes in body composition, rapidgrowth on weight, bone mass, pysical activity and nutritional status. Overweight and lack ofphysical activity are risk factors of hyertension in adolescents. Overweight adolescents havea 4,85 times risk of developig hypertension compared to adolescents with normal nutritionalstatus. Lack of physical activity has 7,86 times the risk of developing hypertension thanadolescents with active physical activity. Hypertension in adolescents increase risk ofmorbidity and mortality in adults. This study aim to determine the correlation between nutritional status and physicalactivity with hypertension in adolescents. A quantitative research with cross sectional designwas developed.  Respondents in this study were 75  college students. Data analysis usingSpearman’s Correlation test. Proportion of obesity and overweight was 20%.  Physical activity of the respondentsbelongs to light category. The incidence of hypertension I 14,67% and hypertension II2,67%. Results shows that there was correlation between nutritional status and physicalactivity with hypertension in adolescents.Keywords :  nutritional status, physical activity, hypertension, adolescents  

scholarly journals Effect of biological maturation on gross motor coordination in boys: a mediation analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Henrique Bezerra-Santos ◽  
Leonardo Gomes de Oliveira Luz ◽  
Braulio Patrick da Silva-Lima ◽  
Ingrid Kelly Alves dos Santos-Pinheiro ◽  
Arnaldo Tenório da Cunha-Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Sitting Height ◽  
Biological Maturation ◽  
Walking Backward

Abstract Introduction: The literature emphasizes the importance of acquiring good motor coordination in the early years of life and its relationship with physical fitness and physical activity during adolescence and adulthood. Objective: To analyze the effect of biological maturation on the motor coordination in boys. Method: The sample was composed by 203 boys between 11 and 14 years old. Height, body mass, sitting height, waist circumference (WC) and skinfolds were measured. Somatic maturation (SM) was assessed by maturity offset (estimated age at peak height velocity). The gross motor coordination was evaluated by Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK) battery. Results: The SM exerted an effect on the walking backward on balance beams (WB) mediated by the WC. Conclusion: The results showed that the performance of boys in the WB was negatively influenced by the greater volume of fat in the trunk related to a more advanced state of SM.

EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON AGE OF PEAK HEIGHT VELOCITY AND AGE OF MENARCHE

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. S34
Author(s):  
R A. Faulkner ◽  
R L. Mirwald ◽  
D A. Bailey ◽  
A D.G. Baxter-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Age Of Menarche

scholarly journals Influence of biological maturation on speed, jump, and endurance in high-level youth soccer players

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge L. C. Marinho ◽  
André O. Martins ◽  
Ezequiel Rey ◽  
Sixto González-Víllora
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Test Distance ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT The goal of this study is to identify the influence of the maturity state in the physical components of the high level youth male soccer players of an elite club in Brazil. Eighty-seven young male soccer players participated in this study, distributed in 34 U-14 players, 23 U-16 players and 30 U-19 players. Peak height velocity (PHV) was estimated: Pre-PHV (<-1.0 years, n=13), mid-PHV (-0.99 to 0.5 years, n=41), and post-PHV (>0.5 years, n=33). Running-based anaerobic sprint test, squat jump, yo-yo and 30m speed test were performed. The results of this study suggest that the maturational development influences vertical jump. VO2max, yo-yo test distance, fatigue index and power. This information is essential for the identification and effective development of talented football players.

Longitudinal study of testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) in relation to spermarche, pubic hair, height and sitting height in normal boys

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (4_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S98-S106 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. THØGER NIELSEN ◽  
N.E. SKAKKEBÆK ◽  
JANET A.B. DARLING ◽  
W.M. HUNTER ◽  
D.W. RICHARDSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Sitting Height ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract. In a 7-year longitudinal study of 40 normal boys, initially aged 8.6-11.7 years, 24-h urine samples were collected every 3 months and analysed for LH and testosterone as well as for the presence of spermatozoa (spermaturia). Spermarche (onset of the release of spermatozoa) was estimated on the basis of age at the first observed spermaturia. Physical examination, including measurements of height and sitting height and staging of pubic hair (Tanner stage) was performed every 6 months. Spermarche occurred early in puberty when the median pubic hair stage was 2.5. Urinary testosterone did not reach maximum levels until approximately 2 years after spermarche. Peak height velocity occurred when urinary testosterone levels were low, 1-2 years before adult levels of testosterone were attained. Our results support the proposition that low levels of testosterone have a predominantly growth-promoting effect, whilst higher concentrations have an inhibitory effect on height spurt.

The influence of physical activity on lean mass accrual during adolescence: a longitudinal analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 734-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam D. G. Baxter-Jones ◽  
Joey C. Eisenmann ◽  
Robert L. Mirwald ◽  
Robert A. Faulkner ◽  
Donald A. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Childhood Physical Activity ◽  
Total Body

During childhood, physical activity is likely the most important modifiable factor for the development of lean mass. However, the effects of normal growth and maturation must be controlled. To distinguish effects of physical activity from normal growth, longitudinal data are required. One hundred nine boys and one hundred thirteen girls, participating in the Saskatchewan Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study, were repeatedly assessed for 6 yr. Age at entry was 8–15 yr. Stature, body mass, and physical activity were assessed biannually. Body composition was assessed annually by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical activity was determined using the physical activity questionnaires for children and adolescence. Biological age was defined as years from age of peak height velocity. Data were analyzed using multilevel random-effects models. In boys, it was found that physical activity had a significant time-dependent effect on lean mass accrual of the total body (484.7 ± 157.1 g), arms (69.6 ± 27.2 g), legs (197.7 ± 60.5 g), and trunk (249.1 ± 91.4 g) ( P < 0.05). Although the physical activity effects were similar in the girls (total body: 306.9 ± 96.6 g, arms: 31.4 ± 15.5 g, legs: 162.9 ± 40.0 g, and trunk: 119.6 ± 58.2 g; P < 0.05), boys for the same level of activity accrued, depending on the site, between 21 and 120% more absolute lean mass (g). In conclusion, habitual physical activity had a significant independent influence on the growth of lean body mass during adolescence, once biological maturity and stature were controlled.

scholarly journals Prepubertal Glucocorticoid Status and Pubertal Timing

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. E891-E898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijie Shi ◽  
Stefan A. Wudy ◽  
Anette E. Buyken ◽  
Christiane Maser-Gluth ◽  
Michaela F. Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Adrenal Androgen ◽  
Pubertal Growth

Context: Whether prepubertal glucocorticoid status impacts on the timing of puberty is not clear. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between prepubertal glucocorticoid status and early or late pubertal markers, independent of adrenarchal and nutritional status. Design and Participants: Prospective cohort study of healthy Caucasian children (n = 111, 56 boys) who provided both 24-h urine samples and weighed dietary records 1 and 2 yr before the start of pubertal growth spurt [age at take-off (ATO)]. Measurements: Major urinary glucocorticoid and androgen metabolites determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis were summed to assess daily overall cortisol (ΣC21) and adrenal androgen secretion; urinary free cortisol and cortisone measured by RIA were summed (UFF+UFE) as an indicator of potentially bioactive free glucocorticoids. Main Outcomes: The main outcomes included ATO, age at peak height velocity, age at menarche/voice break, ages at Tanner stage 2 for breast (girls) and genital (boys) development, and pubic hair. Results: In girls ΣC21, but not UFF+UFE, was associated with pubertal markers after adjusting for overall adrenal androgen, urinary nitrogen, and body fat. Girls with higher ΣC21 (fourth quartile) reached ATO 0.7 yr (P = 0.01) and menarche 0.9 yr later (P = 0.006) than girls with lower ΣC21 (first quartile). The ΣC21 tended to be also positively associated with age at Tanner stage 2 for breast (P = 0.1), Tanner stage 2 for pubic hair (P = 0.1), and age at peak height velocity (P = 0.06). In boys, neither the ΣC21 nor UFF+UFE was related to pubertal timing. Conclusion: An individually higher prepubertal glucocorticoid secretion level, even in physiological range, appears to delay early and late pubertal timing of healthy girls, particularly their onset of pubertal growth spurt and menarche.

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