Maturity-Related Variation in Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Among 9–14 Year Olds

Background:This study compared physical activity levels among early, average, and late maturing boys and girls.Methods:Physical activity was assessed with an Actigraph accelerometer in 161 (76 boys, 85 girls) 9 to 14 year olds over 7 consecutive days. Anthropometric variables were measured and the maturity offset (ie, years from peak height velocity) was predicted. Biological maturity groups (early, average, and late) were created based on the mean estimated age at peak height velocity for boys and girls separately.Results:Levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were similar between early, average, and late maturing boys and girls after adjusting for differences in chronological age. Levels of MVPA progressively declined across chronological age in boys and girls (P < .001) and gender differences existed at 10-, 12-, and 13-years, with boys having higher levels than girls (P < .05). When aligned according to biological age, gender-related differences in MVPA did not exist.Conclusions:Within this sample of 9 to 14 year old boys and girls, there were no significant differences in MVPA among early, average, and late maturing individuals.

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Injury Risk and Injury Burden Are Related to Age Group and Peak Height Velocity Among Talented Male Youth Soccer Players

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967118811042 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 232596711881104 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Hans Jan Bult ◽

Maarten Barendrecht ◽

Igor Joeri Ramon Tak

Keyword(s):

Injury Risk ◽

Age Groups ◽

Peak Height ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Height Velocity ◽

Incidence Density ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Peak Height Velocity ◽

The Mean ◽

Injury Burden

Background: The relationship between injury risk (IR) in age groups and periods around peak height velocity (PHV) remains unclear. PHV is defined as the moment of the largest increase in body height. Purpose: To investigate injury risk and injury burden as functions of growth velocity (periods around PHV) and chronological age groupings (under 12 years [U12] to U19) in talented youth male soccer players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 170 players from the youth academy of a Dutch soccer club (highest professional league: Eredivisie) were observed for 1 to 3 seasons. Injuries, exposure, PHV age, and chronological age were registered. The injury incidence density (IID) and injury burden per 1000 hours of soccer participation, with 95% CIs, were calculated for 5 PHV periods and 7 age groups. These were compared with the overall cohort results using incidence ratios (IRs) and burden ratios (BRs) with 95% CIs. Results: The mean age at PHV was 14.4 ± 0.65 years (range, 12.8-16.5 years). The mean IID for the total cohort was 8.34 injuries per 1000 hours (95% CI, 7.71-9.02). Compared with the overall mean, a significantly higher IID was found for PHV period 4+5 (IR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.00-1.71]; P = .049) and for the U15 group (IR, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.24-1.79]; P < .001). The overall injury burden was 58.37 injury days per 1000 hours (95% CI, 56.66-60.13). In PHV period 4+5, the injury burden was significantly higher (BR, 1.53 [95% CI, 1.39-1.68]; P < .001) when compared with the overall mean. Also, compared with the overall mean, the injury burden was higher in the U16 (BR, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.39-1.58]; P < .001), U15 (BR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.19-1.38]; P < .001), and U17 groups (BR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.13-1.31]; P < .001). Conclusion: Talented young soccer players were more prone to injuries during the 6 months after PHV (31% above overall mean) as well as in the U15 group (49% above overall mean). Based on the higher injury burden in the U16 (48%), U15 (28%), and U17 (21%) groups, we suggest that research on injury risk factors and preventive measures should primarily target these age groups. Additional interventions based on PHV may be of limited value from a screening perspective. Further research is needed on the interaction between age groups and PHV periods.

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Physical activity levels during adventure-physical education lessons

European Physical Education Review ◽

10.1177/1356336x12440365 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 245-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jeffrey Gehris ◽

Elizabeth Myers ◽

Robert Whitaker

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Public Schools ◽

Physical Education ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Physical Development ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Instruction Time ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

The Mean

Adventure-physical education has been proposed to promote adolescents’ physical development, but little is known about physical activity levels during such lessons. Using the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time, we observed students’ (ages 11–14 years) physical activity levels in co-educational classes during 43 adventure-physical education lessons at seven public schools. The mean percentage (±SD) of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was 28.3% (±16.3%). The greatest percentage of lesson time was spent in two activities—high elements (24.1% ± 36.5%) and initiatives (22.3% ± 32.4%). When data were aggregated across all lessons, 40.0% of the time in high elements and 13.7% of the time in initiatives was spent in MVPA. Of all MVPA time, 31.5% occurred in high elements and another 12.6% in initiatives. Compared with traditional physical education lessons, less time is spent in MVPA during adventure lessons. Efforts to increase MVPA should target high elements and initiative activities.

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Growth and Normal Puberty

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.102.s3.507 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 102 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 507-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Val Abbassi

Keyword(s):

Adult Height ◽

Average Rate ◽

Final Height ◽

Peak Height ◽

Height Velocity ◽

Peak Height Velocity ◽

Pubertal Stage ◽

Pubertal Growth ◽

Velocity Peak ◽

The Mean

We reviewed the growth characteristics of American boys and girls from published studies, including age at takeoff, age at peak height velocity, peak height velocity, duration of puberty, and the magnitude of the pubertal contribution to adult height. Age at takeoff is highly variable and sex-dependent. The mean takeoff age in children growing at an average rate is ∼11 years in boys and 9 years in girls, and peak height velocity occurs at a mean age of 13.5 years and 11.5 years, respectively, in these children. Whole-year peak height velocity is 9.5 cm/y in boys and 8.3 cm/y in girls, with slight variations in the different studies. The contribution of pubertal growth to final height is ∼30 to 31 cm in boys, accounting for 17% to 18% of the final height, and 27.5 to 29 cm in girls, accounting for 17% of the final height. The magnitude of pubertal growth has a negative correlation with age at takeoff, but no correlation with final height. Age at takeoff, however, correlates highly with pubertal stage, but correlates negatively with duration of puberty.

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Convergent validation of a questionnaire to assess the mode and frequency of commuting to and from school

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494817718905 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 612-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Palma Chillón ◽

Manuel Herrador-Colmenero ◽

Jairo H. Migueles ◽

Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez ◽

Jorge R. Fernández-Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Limits Of Agreement ◽

Google Maps ◽

Journey Time ◽

The Mean ◽

Convergent Validation

Aims: The purposes of this research were to study the convergent validity of the Mode and Frequency of Commuting To and From School Questionnaire using objectively assessed steps and time spent in different physical activity intensities and to compare the self-reported versus objective journey time in Spanish youths. Methods: Three hundred and eighty-nine Spanish youth aged 7–19 years were asked to complete the questionnaire and wore an accelerometer for five days. The objective commuting distance and time from home to school were estimated using Google MapsTM. Results: There were significant differences between passive and walking participants on step numbers, sedentary time and physical activity levels (except for vigorous physical activity in children). For children, a mean difference of −4.03 minutes between objective measured and self-reported journey time was found (95% limits of agreement were 13.55 and −21.60 minutes). For adolescents, the mean difference was −1.39 minutes (95% limits of agreement were 15.23 and −18.02 minutes). Conclusions: The findings indicated that the Mode of Commuting To and From School Questionnaire showed a convergent validity to assess this behaviour in Spanish youths. Self-reported journey time for walking is comparable to Google MapsTM in adolescents but not in children.

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Somatomedin A in male puberty. Variation with age, maturity, growth and androgens

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.1070312 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 107 (3) ◽

pp. 312-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Søren Krabbe ◽

Knud William Kastrup ◽

Lotte Hummer

Keyword(s):

Growth And Development ◽

Peak Height ◽

Pubic Hair ◽

Height Velocity ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Peak Height Velocity ◽

Pubertal Growth ◽

The Mean ◽

Hair Development ◽

Mean Trend

Abstract. Bioassayable somatomedin-A (SM-A) and serum concentrations of testosterone (T) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were determined longitudinally in 26 normal boys during puberty. The mean trend of SM-A increased in relation to age, pubic hair development and peak height velocity (PHV) and significant correlations were observed with testicular volume, height velocity and T (all P < 0.001) but not with DHEA. In relation to growth SM-A increased mainly during 12 to 6 months prior to PHV but no further increase was seen in the 6 months thereafter. Thus pubertal growth and development have to be taken into account in the evaluation of changes in bioassayable SM-A concentrations in boys.

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Understanding the Mismatch Between Coaches’ and Players’ Perceptions of Exertion

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2016-0215 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 562-568 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michel S. Brink ◽

Anna W. Kersten ◽

Wouter G.P. Frencken

Keyword(s):

Perceived Exertion ◽

Peak Height ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Height Velocity ◽

Endurance Capacity ◽

Peak Height Velocity ◽

Heart Rate Monitors ◽

The Mean ◽

Run Test ◽

Shuttle Run

A mismatch between the training exertion intended by a coach and the exertion perceived by players is well established in sports. However, it is unknown whether coaches can accurately observe exertion of individual players during training. Furthermore, the discrepancy in coaches’ and players’ perceptions has not been explained.Purpose:To determine the relation between intended and observed training exertion by the coach and perceived training exertion by the players and establish whether on-field training characteristics, intermittent endurance capacity, and maturity status explain the mismatch.Methods:During 2 mesocycles of 4 wk (in November and March), rating of intended exertion (RIE), rating of observed exertion (ROE), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were monitored in 31 elite young soccer players. External and internal training loads were objectively quantified with accelerometers (PlayerLoad) and heart-rate monitors (TRIMPmod). Results of an interval shuttle-run test (ISRT) and age at peak height velocity (APHV) were determined for all players.Results:RIE, ROE, and RPE were monitored in 977 training sessions. The correlations between RIE and RPE (r = .58; P < .01) and between ROE and RPE (r = .64; P < .01) were moderate. The mean difference between RIE and RPE was –0.31 ± 1.99 and between ROE and RPE was –0.37 ± 1.87. Multilevel analyses showed that PlayerLoad and ISRT predicted RIE and ROE.Conclusion:Coaches base their intended and observed exertion on what they expect players will do and what they actually did on the field. When doing this, they consider the intermittent endurance capacity of individual players.

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Hubungan Status Gizi dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Remaja

Jurnal Gizi ◽

10.26714/jg.10.2.2021.10-19 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

Romadhiyana Kisno Saputri ◽

Akhmad Al-Bari ◽

Ria Indah Kusuma Pitaloka

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Peak Height ◽

Height Velocity ◽

Peak Height Velocity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obesity And Overweight ◽

Increase Risk ◽

Overweight Adolescents

Adolescence is peak height velocity that affect changes in body composition, rapidgrowth on weight, bone mass, pysical activity and nutritional status. Overweight and lack ofphysical activity are risk factors of hyertension in adolescents. Overweight adolescents havea 4,85 times risk of developig hypertension compared to adolescents with normal nutritionalstatus. Lack of physical activity has 7,86 times the risk of developing hypertension thanadolescents with active physical activity. Hypertension in adolescents increase risk ofmorbidity and mortality in adults. This study aim to determine the correlation between nutritional status and physicalactivity with hypertension in adolescents. A quantitative research with cross sectional designwas developed. Respondents in this study were 75 college students. Data analysis usingSpearman’s Correlation test. Proportion of obesity and overweight was 20%. Physical activity of the respondentsbelongs to light category. The incidence of hypertension I 14,67% and hypertension II2,67%. Results shows that there was correlation between nutritional status and physicalactivity with hypertension in adolescents.Keywords : nutritional status, physical activity, hypertension, adolescents

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Effect of biological maturation on gross motor coordination in boys: a mediation analysis

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/1980-5918.032.ao65 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

Author(s):

Douglas Henrique Bezerra-Santos ◽

Leonardo Gomes de Oliveira Luz ◽

Braulio Patrick da Silva-Lima ◽

Ingrid Kelly Alves dos Santos-Pinheiro ◽

Arnaldo Tenório da Cunha-Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Motor Coordination ◽

Peak Height ◽

Early Years ◽

Height Velocity ◽

Peak Height Velocity ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Sitting Height ◽

Biological Maturation ◽

Walking Backward

Abstract Introduction: The literature emphasizes the importance of acquiring good motor coordination in the early years of life and its relationship with physical fitness and physical activity during adolescence and adulthood. Objective: To analyze the effect of biological maturation on the motor coordination in boys. Method: The sample was composed by 203 boys between 11 and 14 years old. Height, body mass, sitting height, waist circumference (WC) and skinfolds were measured. Somatic maturation (SM) was assessed by maturity offset (estimated age at peak height velocity). The gross motor coordination was evaluated by Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK) battery. Results: The SM exerted an effect on the walking backward on balance beams (WB) mediated by the WC. Conclusion: The results showed that the performance of boys in the WB was negatively influenced by the greater volume of fat in the trunk related to a more advanced state of SM.

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Puberty timing and adiposity change across childhood and adolescence: disentangling cause and consequence

10.1101/578005 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Linda M O’Keeffe ◽

Monika Frysz ◽

Joshua A. Bell ◽

Laura D. Howe ◽

Abigail Fraser

Keyword(s):

Fat Mass ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Peak Height ◽

Height Velocity ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Peak Height Velocity ◽

Before And After ◽

Puberty Onset

AbstractObjectiveTo better understand if earlier puberty is more likely a result of adiposity gain in childhood than a cause of adiposity gain in adulthood.DesignProspective birth cohort study.SettingPopulation based study of children born in 1991/1992 in Bristol UK (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)).Participants4,186 participants (2,176 female and 1,990 male) of predominantly White ethnicity with 18,232 repeated measures throughout follow-up.Exposures & outcomesRepeated measures of height from 5y to 20y to identify puberty timing (age at peak height velocity) and repeated measures of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-derived fat mass from age 9y to 18y, modelled separately in females and males using models based on chronological age and time before and after puberty onset.ResultsMean age at peak height velocity was 11.7y (standard deviation (SD)=0.8y) for females and 13.6y (SD=0.9y) for males. In adjusted models of fat mass by chronological age, a one-year later age at peak height velocity was associated with 20.4% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 18.5% to 22.3%) and 22.8% (95% (CI): 20.7% to 24.8%) lower fat mass in females and males respectively at 9y. These differences were smaller at age 18y: 7.8% (95% (CI):5.9% to 9.6%) and 11.9% (95% (CI): 9.1%, to 14.7%) lower fat mass in females and males respectively per year later age at peak height velocity. Trajectories of fat mass by time before and after puberty onset provided strong evidence for an association of pre-pubertal fat mass with puberty timing, and little evidence of an association of puberty timing with post-pubertal changes in fat mass in females. In males, findings were less clear before puberty though there was some evidence for an association of earlier puberty timing with great post-pubertal gain in fat mass.ConclusionsEarlier puberty is more likely a result of adiposity gain in childhood than a cause of adiposity gain in adulthood in females. In males early to puberty, differences in fat mass after puberty are driven partially by tracking of adiposity from early childhood but also greater gains in post-pubertal adiposity. Reducing levels of childhood adiposity may help prevent both earlier puberty, later life adiposity and their associated adverse social, mental and physical health sequelae.

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