scholarly journals STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND DISTRIBUTION OF LIGNIN IN EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS PULPS OBTAINED BY A COMBINED AUTOHYDROLSIS/ALKALINE EXTRACTION PROCESS FOR ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION OF CELLULOSE

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 2954-2960 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIO ARAYA ◽  
EDUARDO TRONCOSO ◽  
REGIS TEIXEIRA MENDONÇA ◽  
JUANITA FREER ◽  
JORGE RENCORET ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Alkaline Extraction

scholarly journals Effect of Integrated Treatment on Enhancing the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cocksfoot Grass and the Structural Characteristics of Co-Produced Hemicelluloses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Chao Sun ◽  
Dan Sun ◽  
Xuefei Cao
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Hydrolysis Rates ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
High Biomass Yield

Abstract BackgroundCocksfoot grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) with high biomass yield and rich cellulose can be used to produce bioethanol as fuel additive. In view of this, ultrasonic and hydrothermal pretreatments followed by successive alkali extractions were assembled into an integrated biorefinery process applied on cocksfoot grass to improve its enzymatic hydrolysis. In this work, the effects of ultrasonic and hydrothermal pretreatments followed by sequential alkali extractions on the enzymatic hydrolysis of cocksfoot grass were investigated. Additionally, since large amount of hemicelluloses were released during the hydrothermal pretreatment and alkali extraction process, the yields, structural characteristics and differentials of water- and alkali-soluble hemicellulosic fractions isolated from different treatments were also comparatively explored.ResultsThe integrated treatment significantly removed amorphous hemicelluloses and lignin, resulting in increased crystallinity of the treated residues. A maximum saccharification rate of 95.1% was obtained from the cellulose-rich substrate after the integrated treatment. In addition, the considerable hemicelluloses (31.4% water-soluble hemicelluloses and 53.4% alkali-soluble hemicelluloses) were isolated during the integrated treatment. The released water-soluble hemicellulosic fractions were found to be more branched as compared with the alkali-soluble hemicellulosic fractions and all hemicellulosic fractions were mixed polysaccharides mainly composed of branched xylans and β-glucans.ConclusionThe combination of ultrasonic and hydrothermal pretreatments followed by successive alkali extractions can dramatically increase the enzymatic saccharification rate of the substrates and produce considerable amounts of hemicelluloses. Detailed information about the enzymatic hydrolysis rates of the treated substrates and the structural characteristics of the co-produced hemicelluloses will help the synergistic utilization of cellulose and hemicellulose in cocksfoot grass.

scholarly journals Effect of integrated treatment on enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis of cocksfoot grass and the structural characteristics of co-produced hemicelluloses

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Chao Sun ◽  
Dan Sun ◽  
Xue-Fei Cao
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Hydrolysis Rates ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
High Biomass Yield

Abstract Background Cocksfoot grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) with high biomass yield and rich cellulose can be used to produce bioethanol as fuel additive. In view of this, ultrasonic and hydrothermal pretreatments followed by successive alkali extractions were assembled into an integrated biorefinery process applied on cocksfoot grass to improve its enzymatic hydrolysis. In this work, the effects of ultrasonic and hydrothermal pretreatments followed by sequential alkali extractions on the enzymatic hydrolysis of cocksfoot grass were investigated. In addition, since large amount of hemicelluloses were released during the hydrothermal pretreatment and alkali extraction process, the yields, structural characteristics and differentials of water- and alkali-soluble hemicellulosic fractions isolated from different treatments were also comparatively explored. Results The integrated treatment significantly removed amorphous hemicelluloses and lignin, resulting in increased crystallinity of the treated residues. A maximum saccharification rate of 95.1% was obtained from the cellulose-rich substrate after the integrated treatment. In addition, the considerable hemicelluloses (31.4% water-soluble hemicelluloses and 53.4% alkali-soluble hemicelluloses) were isolated during the integrated treatment. The released water-soluble hemicellulosic fractions were found to be more branched as compared with the alkali-soluble hemicellulosic fractions and all hemicellulosic fractions were mixed polysaccharides mainly composed of branched xylans and β-glucans. Conclusion The combination of ultrasonic and hydrothermal pretreatments followed by successive alkali extractions can dramatically increase the enzymatic saccharification rate of the substrates and produce considerable amounts of hemicelluloses. Detailed information about the enzymatic hydrolysis rates of the treated substrates and the structural characteristics of the co-produced hemicelluloses will help the synergistic utilization of cellulose and hemicellulose in cocksfoot grass.

scholarly journals Optimization of sunflower head pectin extraction by ammonium oxalate and the effect of drying conditions on properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemei Ma ◽  
Jiayi Yu ◽  
Jing Jing ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Liyong Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

AbstractPectin is a kind of natural and complex carbohydrates which is extensively used in food, chemical, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Fresh sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) heads were utilized as a novel source of pectin extracted by ammonium oxalate. The conditions of the extraction process were optimized implementing the response surface methodology. Under optimal extraction parameters (extraction time 1.34 h, liquid–solid ratio 15:1 mL/g, ammonium oxalate concentration 0.76% (w/v)), the maximum experimental yield was 7.36%. The effect of spray-drying and freeze-drying on the physiochemical properties, structural characteristics, and antioxidant activities was investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, high performance size exclusion chromatography, and X-ray diffraction. The results showed freeze-drying lead to decrease in galacturonic acid (GalA) content (76.2%), molecular weight (Mw 316 kDa), and crystallinity. The antioxidant activities of pectin were investigated utilizing the in-vitro DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging systems. This study provided a novel and efficient extraction method of sunflower pectin, and confirmed that different drying processes had an effect on the structure and properties of pectin.

Optimal Pretreatment of Eucalyptus globulus by Hydrothermolysis and Alkaline Extraction for Microbial Production of Ethanol and Xylitol

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (16) ◽  
pp. 5713-5720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean F. Castro ◽  
Carolina Parra ◽  
Mauricio Yáñez-S ◽  
Jonathan Rojas ◽  
Regis Teixeira Mendonça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Microbial Production ◽  
Alkaline Extraction

scholarly journals A novel surfactant-assisted dilute phosphoric acid plus steam explosion pretreatment of poplar wood for fermentable sugar production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denghui Tong ◽  
Peng Zhan ◽  
Weifeng Zhang ◽  
Yongcai Zhou ◽  
Yilei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Fermentable Sugar ◽  
Steam Explosion Pretreatment ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Pretreatment is an indispensable process in lignocellulosic bioethanol production. In this work, a surfactant agent JFC was introduced into the dilute phosphoric acid plus steam explosion pretreatment scheme for fermentable sugar production using poplar as substrate. Four crucial factors (phosphoric acid concentration, surfactant concentration, pressure, and residence time) affecting the pretreatment efficiency were optimized using the single factor tests. The optimal parameters obtained were as follows: 1:2.5 solid/liquid rate, 2 h pre-soaking time, 1.5 %(v/v) JFC-M + 2.0 wt% phosphoric acid, 2.0 MPa pressure, and 120 s residence time, resulting in a maximum cellulose recovery rate of 86.33 % and enzymatic saccharification rate of 84.62 %, which was 38.97 % higher than that of control. The morphological and structural characteristics of samples before and after pretreatment, were characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) method. The addition of JFC-M was of a notable influence in overcoming biomass recalcitrance and boosting cellulose digestion, showing great application potentials in biomass conversion process.

scholarly journals Laccase pretreatment for enhancing microwave-assisted alkaline extraction of hemicellulose from bagasse

BioResources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 931-942
Author(s):  
Jizhen Huang ◽  
Yuxin Liu ◽  
Bing Sun ◽  
Jiaoyang Li ◽  
Renfeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Alkaline Extraction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Scanning Electron

Laccase pretreatment is a promising approach to degrade lignin polymer for enhanced hemicellulose extraction from bagasse. A Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize microwave-assisted alkaline extraction of hemicellulose with the aim of maximizing the hemicellulose extraction yield. The effect of laccase pretreatment on the structural characteristics of the bagasse hemicellulose was studied with scanning electron microscopy and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. The results showed that the lignin content of the bagasse decreased by 7.9% and the specific surface area increased by 95.9% after pretreatment with 160 U/g laccase for 6 h. The hemicellulose extraction yield was 88.7% under the optimum conditions of 8% NaOH, 50 min, and 900 W. The interaction between the NaOH concentration and extraction time, and between the extraction time and microwave power significantly affected hemicellulose extraction from the bagasse. Overall, the laccase pretreatment was beneficial to extraction of hemicellulose from bagasse using a microwave-assisted alkaline solution.

Analysis of Plant Biomass Pretreatment Technology for Fuel Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-448
Author(s):  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Mengdi Zhao ◽  
Kai Xiao ◽  
Xianli Liu ◽  
Xude Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Field ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Pretreatment Technology

Facing the double challenges of energy shortage and environmental pollution, development and utilization of biomass energy is of great urgency. In this review paper, the current situation and types of biomass energy are reviewed and discussed based on the world energy crisis and its environmental problems. As a typical renewable green liquid energy, bio-ethanol, made from plants with rich reserves, could be applied to the field of traffic transportation. Due to the complex structure, variety, and stable nature of plant biomass, cost-effective pretreatment technology has become an urgent demand in the bio-energy field of current world. At present, various pretreatment methods for enzymatic saccharification of plant biomass have different defects. Therefore, the research on pretreatment technology needs to comprehensively consider the heterogeneity of chemical composition and structural characteristics of raw material and the pertinence of pretreatment methods.

Use of new endophytic fungi as pretreatment to enhance enzymatic saccharification of Eucalyptus globulus

2015 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Martín-Sampedro ◽  
Úrsula Fillat ◽  
David Ibarra ◽  
María E. Eugenio
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification
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