scholarly journals The importance of environmental differences in the structuring of rotifer functional diversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Galir Balkić
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Main River ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Floodplain Habitats ◽  
Lake Systems ◽  
Functional Feeding Guilds

A dynamic change in environmental conditions among floodplain habitats with different geomorphology might be a significant trigger in determining rotifer functional diversity. The aim of the study was to test the importance of environmental differences between several waterbody types, their positions within the floodplain and supporting microcrustacean communities in the structuring of rotifer functional feeding guilds. The study was conducted in Kopački rit floodplain during 2008 at five sites (two lakes, two channels and the main river). ANOSIM showed a significant difference in spatial distribution among rotifer feeding guilds. Redundancy analyses indicated biotic variables to significantly influence rotifer functional diversity in lake systems while in channel environments and the main riverbed guild representation was mainly influenced by limnological variables. Individual guild abundance changed relative to the site position within the floodplain as well, where the increased distance from the main riverbed resulted in increased rotifer numbers, and a different proportion of microfilter-feeders and macrofilter-feeders was recorded. The multiple linear regression showed a significant relation of macrofilter-feeder rotifers with microcrustaceans pointing to notable exploitative competition among these groups. The results highlight the ecological importance of all types of natural floodplain habitats necessary for preserving and maintaining the rotifer diversity.

scholarly journals Correlation between age, muscle architecture, and muscle strength in children with Erb’s palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Saad Awad ◽  
Mostafa Soliman Ali ◽  
Mohamed Ismail Elassal
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Pennation Angle ◽  
Muscle Architecture ◽  
Active Movement ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Erb’S Palsy ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Muscle weakness is a widespread problem in children with Erb’s palsy as it can cause changes in muscle architecture parameters, which can be detected by ultrasonography. This study was conducted to determine the relation between age, muscle architecture, and muscle strength in children with Erb’s palsy. A total of 40 children with Erb’s palsy from both sexes aged 1–2.5 years were included in this study. Muscle thickness and pennation angle were measured by ultrasonography, and muscle strength was measured using the active movement scale. Results A significant relation was found between age, muscle thickness, pennation angle, and muscle strength (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significant difference was found in muscle architecture parameters during relaxation and contraction in both study groups and in each study group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Muscle weakness in children with Erb’s palsy has an effect on muscle architecture parameters, and these parameters also increase with age.

scholarly journals LONELINESS OF HIGH SCHOOL AND COLLEGE STUDENTS: THE RELATION OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND SELF-ESTEEM WITH LONELINESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Nataša Kostić ◽  
◽  
Šuajb Solaković ◽  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Significant Difference

The research problem relates to the examination of the relationof socio-demographic characteristics (gender, level of education and the place where most of childhood was spent) and the self-esteem of the respondents with loneliness.In investigating this problem, the focus was primarily on the perception of the distribution of loneliness, and the examination of the relation of independent variables (socio-demographic characteristics and self-esteem) with the dependent variable (loneliness).The sample of respondents consists of 677 high school students (49.34%) and college students (50.66%) of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The range of years of subjects ranges from 15 to 23 (AS = 18.696).The results of the study show that there is a statistically significant difference in loneliness with regard to gender (U = 38672.000, Z = -6.122, p = .000), to the level of education (U = 42292.500, Z = -5.905, p = .000) and the place in which the respondents spent most of their childhood (χ2 = 9.383, df = 2, sig = .009). The results show that there is a statistically significant relation between self-esteem and loneliness (ro = -.401, sig = .000, N = 676).

scholarly journals Seasonal Analysis of Taxonomic and Functional Diversity of Poneromorph Ant Assemblages in the Amazon Forest

Sociobiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Priscila de Carvalho Pereira ◽  
Fábio Souto Almeida ◽  
André Barbosa Vargas ◽  
Marcel Santos de Araújo ◽  
Antônio José Mayhé-Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Functional Richness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Seasonal Analysis ◽  
Ant Diversity ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

The present study aimed at assessing the effects of climate seasonality on poneromorph ants in the Brazilian Amazon, by studying variations in composition, richness, and taxonomic and functional diversity. The study was carried out in the Tapirapé-Aquiri National Forest, southeastern Pará State. We collected poneromorph ants in three areas of native forest with pitfall traps and sardine baits on the ground and vegetation, in two dry and rainy seasons. We collected 46 species of poneromorph ants, which belong to two subfamilies and eleven genera. The species composition, richness and taxonomic diversity did not vary significantly between seasons. There was no significant difference in the frequency of species of functional groups between dry and rainy seasons. There was no significant difference in the average richness and average diversity of functional groups between the dry and rainy seasons. In our study we found no seasonal differences in composition, taxonomic and functional richness and diversity of poneromorph ants in the Amazon, which is useful for future studies that aim at using those ants as bioindicators. In addition, the identification of the species made in the present study has special relevance as it contributes to advance the knowledge of poneromorph ant diversity in the Amazon.

Comparison of the change in interpretative stances of lifelog photos versus manually captured photos over time

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahreum Lee ◽  
Hokyoung Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Automatic Capture ◽  
Over Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how people differently create meaning from photos taken by either a lifelogging camera (LC) (i.e. automatic capture) or a mobile phone camera (MC) (i.e. manual capture). Moreover, the paper investigates the different changes in the interpretative stance of lifelog photos and manually captured photos over time to figure out how the LC application could support the users’ iconological interpretation of their past. Design/methodology/approach A 200-day longitudinal study was conducted with two different user groups that took and reviewed photos taken by either a LC or a MC. The study was structured in two phases: a photo collection phase, which lasted for five days (Day 1‒Day 5), and a three-part semi-structured interview phase, which was conducted on Days 8, 50 and 200. Findings Results revealed that the interpretative stance of the LC group changed greatly compared to the MC group that kept a relatively consistent interpretative stance over time. A significant difference between the two groups was revealed on Day 200 when the lifelog photos provoked a more iconological and less pre-iconographical interpretative stance. This stance allowed the viewers of lifelog photos to systemically interpret the photos and look back upon their past with different viewpoints that were not recognized before. Originality/value This paper contributes to further understand the dynamic change in interpretative stance of lifelog photos compared to manually captured photos through a longitudinal study. The results of this study can support the design guidelines for a LC application that could give opportunities for users to create rich interpretations from lifelog photos.

scholarly journals Sheep gut passage and survival of Mediterranean shrub seeds

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Manzano ◽  
Juan E. Malo ◽  
Begoña Peco
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Retama Sphaerocarpa ◽  
Gut Passage ◽  
Lavandula Stoechas ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Viable Seeds

Although viable seeds of Mediterranean dry-fruited shrubs are found in herbivore dung, the ecological importance of this observation is still not well understood. We analysed seed retrieval percentages, defecation time and germinability after sheep gut passage for the five most common shrub species of an area in central Spain (Retama sphaerocarpa, Cytisus scoparius, Halimium umbellatum subsp. viscosum, Cistus ladanifer and Lavandula stoechas subsp. pedunculata). Five ewes were fed seeds, and their dung was collected regularly during the following week. Seeds were hand-sorted from dung subsamples and tested for germinability. The defecated seeds were clustered in time, with a majority retrieved in the 24–40 h period, although over 1% of the seeds were retained in the gut for more than 72 h. Data suggested a possible link between seed size and retrieval, with medium-sized seeds less damaged (16–23%) than larger and smaller seeds (10–12%), although only a small number of species were studied. Germination results showed an increased percentage of germination after gut passage for H. umbellatum (x2 test, P<0.05) and a marginally significant difference for C. scoparius (P<0.1). Soft-seeded L. stoechas did not germinate after gut passage. The results indicate a potential role of herbivore endozoochory for the long-distance dispersal of dry-fruited shrubs and their potential colonization of distant sites.

De Invloed Van Snelheid Van Woordherkenning en Kennis Van Woordbetekenis op Nt2-Tekstbegrip

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
Kirsten van Ingen
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
L2 Vocabulary

The performance in Dutch reading comprehension of advanced L2 learners still lags behind the performance of L1 learners. This study investigates the role of inefficient word recognition and knowledge of L2 vocabulary as two of the explanatory factors for problems with reading comprehension. The results of this study show that inefficient word recognition cannot account for problems with reading comprehension of L2-learners at the intermediate level of secondary education. There was no significant difference between the speed of word recognition between L2 learners and L1 learners. Nor was there relation between the score on reading comprehension and speed of word recognition. Knowledge of vocabulary does show differences between L2 learners and L1 learners. L2 learners score significantly less and, in contrast with the L1 learners, they show a significant relation between the knowledge of vocabulary and the score on reading comprehension.

Anxiety in Children during Occlusal ART Restorations in Primary Molars Placed in School Environment and Hospital Dental Setup

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
NM Roshan ◽  
B Sakeenabi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Atraumatic Restorative Treatment ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To evaluate the anxiety in children during occlusal atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) in the primary molars of children; and compare the anxiety for ART procedure performed in school environment and in hospital dental setup. Study design: A randomized controlled trial where One dentist placed 120 ART restorations in 60 five- to seven year-olds who had bilateral matched pairs of occlusal carious primary molars. A split-mouth design was used to place restorations in school and in hospital dental setup, which were assigned randomly to contralateral sides. Anxiety was evaluated by Modified Venhem score and the heart rate of the children at five fixed moments during dental treatment. Results: At the entrance of the children into the treatment room, statistically significant difference between treatment in school environment and treatment in hospital dental setup for venham score and heart rate could be found (P=0.023 and P=0.037 respectively). At the start of the treatment procedure higher venham score and heart rate was observed in children treated in hospital dental setup in comparison with the children treated in school environment , finding was statistically significant (P=0.011 and P=0.029 respectively). During all other three points of treatment, the Venham scores of the children treated in school were lower than those of the children treated in hospital dental setup but statistically not significant (P&gt;0.05). Positive co-relation between Venham scores and Heart rate was established. No statistically significant relation could be established between boys and girls. Conclusions: Overall anxiety in children for ART treatment was found to be less and the procedure was well accepted irrespective of environment where treatment was performed. Hospital dental setup by itself made children anxious during entrance and starting of the treatment when compared to children treated in school environment.

scholarly journals Use of Face Masks in India During COVID-19 : An Exploration of the Behavioral Tendencies of Mask Users

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Shalini Soni ◽  
◽  
Sudha Babel
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Safety Practices ◽  
The Public ◽  
Employment Sector ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types

Covid-19 has necessitated mask use to safeguard oneself from coronavirus. The mask usage and safety practices followed by the public in India are reported in this paper. Sixty per cent of the subjects purchased masks on their own while 19 per cent stitched their masks; masks were used regularly (76%) for less than 4 hours (64.22%). During the lockdown, at workplaces, masks were removed for less than 30 minutes per day. Subjects reported that safety feeling was experienced when masks were donned (87%); felt that masks were unnecessary in Covid-19 unaffected areas/cities (67 %); whilst 47 per cent admitted to pulling down masks during use. An interesting fact emerging from the study was that the younger populace adhered less conscientiously to regular mask use as opposed to the elderly; paradoxically the elderly (49 and above) were the ones to pull down masks more frequently during use than the younger ones. Amongst them, 25 per cent repeated it 1-2 times a day. It was heartening to observe that most people (89%) exercised caution during mask use. A positive significant relationship existed between age and employer modes on regular mask usage; a highly positive significant relation was seen between the employment sector and regular mask use and a negative correlation among profession and mask use. Two-way ANOVA between demographic data on type and regular mask use yielded a significant difference. A highly significant relationship between gender, employer mode, and profession on different types of safety measures; and a significant relationship between the level of education and safety measures were found.

scholarly journals Relationship between regional food and hypertension in the East of Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2306
Author(s):  
Cihan Önen ◽  
Gülsen Güneş
Keyword(s):  
Target Population ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
City Center ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Regional Food ◽  
The People ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: It is important to focus on behavioral risk factors, such as harmful habits, unhealthy diet, for hypertension. In the study the aim is to examine the hypertension frequency of adults in Bitlis city center, factors affecting this and other related factors.Methods: The target population of the cross-sectional research consists of people aged 30 and higher in Bitlis city center. Face to face interviews were performed with people incorporated to the sample between February 15th and April 15th 2015 time interval in order to collect data from the field.Results: Hypertension frequency was found to be 35.5%. 59.3% of the people with hypertension are aware of the situation. The blood pressure of 26.3% of the people who are aware of their situation is under control. Significant difference was determined between hypertension and consumption frequency of regional foods such as fried fish, local cheese, fish Basma and Kurut. In logistic regression analysis significant relation was determined between hypertension and old age, women, obesity≥30 and Kurut frequent consumption.Conclusions: In the research the hypertension frequency was found to be 35.5%. Significant relation was detected between hypertension and frequent consumption of Kurut which is a regional food.

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