scholarly journals Nigerian neonatologists perception and experience with retinopathy of prematurity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedayo Adio ◽  
Sadiat Saka-Eletu Aliyu ◽  
Aliyu Hamza Balarabe ◽  
Kehinde Monsudi ◽  
Dupe Ademola Popoola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Functional Screening ◽  
Questionnaire Response ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Background Retinopathy ◽  
Clinical Presentations

Background: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is an avoidable condition that affects premature infants exposed to oxygen stresses at or soon after birth. In low- and middle-income countries, like Nigeria, neonatal mortality rates are high and very few infants live to develop ROP. With recent better care, ROP is now being diagnosed. Objective: This study aimed to characterize what Nigerian neonatologists understand about ROP. Methods: At a joint meeting of Nigerian pediatric ophthalmologists and neonatologists in Kebbi State held 26-29 July 2018, questionnaires collected attendees’ perspective and experience with ROP including causes, risk factors and experiences. Results: Fifty-one neonatologists out of 71 returned a completed questionnaire (response rate: 71.8%). The male:female ratio was 1:1.8, and approximately 40% were aged 41-50 years (n=20, 39.22%). Only 3 (6.39%) had experience managing infants below 500g that survived. A majority managed babies with a mean weight of 913g ± 300.37 and age of 27.87 weeks ±2.37. Most had no access to oxygen monitors (n=39,78%). Most had 10 babies to one monitor and used average settings of 90- 95%. One third had seen a case of ROP (n=15,29.41%). Only 5.88% (n=3) were unaware of uncontrolled oxygen use as a risk factor. Only 4 (8.89%) had a functional screening team. None were aware of local screening guidelines. Conclusions: Regular educational programs, collaborative clinical presentations and webinars about ROP targeted at the neonatologists and parents, including establishment of screening programs across country will likely help reduce the burden of ROP blindness in Nigeria.

scholarly journals RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY, AN IMPORTANT PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM IN PAKISTAN: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-466
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries

Introduction: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is the significant cause of blindness in children globally. Although the incidence of ROP is greater in premature infants worldwide, statistics show that it is more common in low-middle-income countries. Multiple causes and complications of ROP in low middle-income countries have been reported therefore the purpose of this literature review was to review the findings from literature about the burden, causes, outcomes, and important preventive measures of ROP for low middle-income countries, especially in Pakistan. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted from published articles. Research studies were selected that included risk factors of ROP, screening, and diagnosis of ROP, treatment of ROP, and prevention of ROP.Results The cause of the high rate of ROP in Low-middle income countries (LMICs) includes a high rate of preterm babies, lack of awareness regarding ROP, financial instability, and insufficient treatment and screening programs at the newborn units. ROP is found to be the significant cause of preventable blindness in South Asia. There are three different levels of prevention aimed at reducing the burden of ROP in LMICs. Primary prevention aims at reduction in preterm births, secondary prevention aims at early diagnosis of the disease and tertiary prevention aims at reducing deterioration of conditions due to disease. Conclusion: The emphasis on preventive measures especially primary and secondary level prevention can help in decreasing the burden of ROP. This requires a multidisciplinary approach at all levels including at the level of policymaking, program implementation, health care providers, and community level.

scholarly journals Barriers and facilitators to online medical and nursing education during the COVID-19 pandemic: perspectives from international students from low- and middle-income countries and their teaching staff

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Li ◽  
Robyn Gillies ◽  
Mingyu He ◽  
Changhao Wu ◽  
Shenjun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
International Medical ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Education Satisfaction ◽  
Education In China ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic posed a huge challenge to the education systems worldwide, forcing many countries to provisionally close educational institutions and deliver courses fully online. The aim of this study was to explore the quality of the online education in China for international medical and nursing students from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as well as the factors that influenced their satisfaction with online education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Questionnaires were developed and administered to 316 international medical and nursing students and 120 teachers at a university in China. The Chi-square test was used to detect the influence of participants’ personal characteristics on their satisfaction with online education. The Kruskal–Wallis rank-sum test was employed to identify the negative and positive factors influencing the online education satisfaction. A binary logistic regression model was performed for multiple-factor analysis to determine the association of the different categories of influential factors—crisis-, learner-, instructor-, and course-related categories, with the online education satisfaction. Results Overall, 230 students (response rate 72.8%) and 95 teachers (response rate 79.2%) completed the survey. It was found that 36.5% of students and 61.1% of teachers were satisfied with the online education. Teachers’ professional title, students’ year of study, continent of origin and location of current residence significantly influenced the online education satisfaction. The most influential barrier for students was the severity of the COVID-19 situation and for teachers it was the sense of distance. The most influential facilitating factor for students was a well-accomplished course assignment and for teachers it was the successful administration of the online courses. Conclusions Several key factors have been identified that affected the attitudes of international health science students from LMICs and their teachers towards online education in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. To improve the online education outcome, medical schools are advised to promote the facilitating factors and cope with the barriers, by providing support for students and teaching faculties to deal with the anxiety caused by the pandemic, caring for the state of mind of in-China students away from home, maintaining the engagement of out-China students studying from afar and enhancing collaborations with overseas institutions to create practice opportunities at students’ local places.

Retinopathy of prematurity in middle-income countries

1997 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
J Rahi ◽  
M Eckstein ◽  
J O'Sullivan ◽  
A Foster ◽  
C Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries

scholarly journals Developing a Breast Cancer Screening Program in Nigeria: Evaluating Current Practices, Perceptions, and Possible Barriers

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olalekan Olasehinde ◽  
Carla Boutin-Foster ◽  
Olusegun I. Alatise ◽  
Adewale O. Adisa ◽  
Oladejo O. Lawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Purpose In low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria, women present with advanced breast cancer at an earlier age. Given the limited resources, development of screening programs that parallel resource capabilities of low- and middle-income countries is imperative. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perceptions, practices, and barriers regarding clinical breast examination (CBE) screening in a low-income community in Nigeria. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional survey of women age 40 years or older in Ife, Nigeria, using multistaged sampling was performed. Information on sociodemographics, knowledge of breast cancer, screening practices, and willingness to participate in CBE screening was obtained using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results A total of 1,169 women whose ages ranged from 40 to 86 years (mean age, 47.7 years; standard deviation, 8.79 years) were interviewed. The majority of women (94%) knew about breast cancer, whereas 27.5% knew someone who had had breast cancer, the majority of whom (64.5%) had died of the disease. Of the 36% of women who had breast screening recommended to them, only 19.7% had an actual CBE. Of these, only 6% had it in the last year. The majority of women (65.4%) were willing to have regular CBEs and did not care about the sex of the examiner in most instances. Lack of perceived need was the reason cited by women unwilling to participate. Conclusion The majority of women were aware of breast cancer and knew it as a fatal disease. With the relatively encouraging number of those willing to be examined, a carefully designed CBE program coupled with advocacy to correct uneducated beliefs seems promising.

Retinopathy of prematurity in middle-income countries

The Lancet ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 350 (9070) ◽  
pp. 12-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Gilbert ◽  
Jugnoo Rahi ◽  
Michael Eckstein ◽  
Jane O'Sullivan ◽  
Allen Foster
Keyword(s):  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries

Screening for Cervical Cancer in Low-Resource Settings in 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 782-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Tambouret
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Care Organizations ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Cytology Screening

Context.—Cervical cancer remains the most common malignancy in women living in low- and middle-income countries, despite the decline of the disease in countries where cervical cytology screening programs have been implemented. Objectives.—To review the current incidence of cervical cancer in low-resource countries, the availability and types of screening programs, and the treatment options. Data Sources.—Literature review through PubMed, Internet search, and personal communication. Conclusions.—Although data are incomplete, available figures confirm that the rate of cervical cancer deaths and the availability of cervical cancer screening programs are inversely proportional and vary, in general, by the wealth of the nation. Despite the success of cervical cytology screening, many major health care organizations have abandoned screening by cytology in favor of direct visualization methods with immediate treatment of lesions by cryotherapy provided by trained, nonmedical personnel.

scholarly journals Retinopathy of Prematurity: Nursing Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bindu K Sankar ◽  
Hrishikesh Amin ◽  
KM Riaz ◽  
P Pappa ◽  
Shalu Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Preterm Babies

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is the leading cause of childhood blindness. India and other middle income countries are currently facing the third ‘epidemic’ of this disease which is mainly due to increased survival of preterm babies, suboptimal neonatal care and lack of proper screening and management of ROP. This is a disorder of the immature retina of preterm babies in which abnormal vascularisation occurs after birth. ROP is multifactorial, and is sensitive to the quality of neonatal inpatient care received during early postnatal life. Nurses, being the primary care givers in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs), plays a vital role in prevention and management of ROP.

scholarly journals Imagining the Future of the International Cancer Screening Network: Responding to Needs and Engagement in Cancer Screening Globally

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 47s-47s
Author(s):  
D. Puricelli Perin ◽  
A. Vogel ◽  
J. Freeman ◽  
S. Sivaram ◽  
S. Taplin
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Scientific Meeting ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Limited Participation ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Middle Income Countries

Background: Over the past three decades, much evidence has been generated in high-income countries (HIC) for effective implementation of cervical, breast and colorectal cancer screening programs and their contribution to reducing mortality. However, translation of cancer screening programs to low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) continues to be a challenge. For 30 years, the US National Cancer Institute's International Cancer Screening Network (ICSN) has gathered cancer screening researchers, implementers and evaluators at the ICSN biennial scientific meeting, provided expert assistance and facilitated working groups that advance research on cancer screening, via standardization of definitions, metrics, and measures, and cross-national comparative studies. For many years, this group has been comprised largely of participants from HICs, with limited participation by individuals from LMICs. However, in recent years, cancer screening has been adopted in an increasing number of LMICs. There is now a critical need to understand how to translate cancer screening delivery, program implementation, documentation, and research to LMICs. Aim: To gather insights from ICSN participants on the translatability of cancer screening knowledge between high and low-resource settings to advance the field of cancer screening globally. Methods: In 2018, ICSN conducted an evaluation research study to assess the outcomes and impacts of the ICSN to date and inform future ICSN activities, including engagement of individuals working in LMICs. Data collection consisted of a survey to our listserv, which has 666 subscribers. Results: There were 266 network members who responded to the survey, including 244 advanced who completed the full survey. The majority (58.7%) have been working in the field of cancer screening for 15 or fewer years, although 27.8% have 20 or more years of experience. Most respondents work in government agencies (32.7%) and academic institutions (37.2%), and dedicate most of their time to conducting cancer screening research. ICSN members predominantly work in organized cancer screening programs (72.6%). In addition, 80.5% work primarily in HICs and 10.9% in upper middle-income countries. Of those who attended the 2017 ICSN biennial meeting (56.1%), 78.8% agreed that it enabled them to learn from cancer screening in higher resource settings while 66.4% agreed that it enabled them to learn from cancer screening in lower resource settings. Conclusion: With 30 years of experience facilitating the advancement of cancer screening research, implementation and evaluation in HICs, the ICSN has many lessons to offer to countries that are considering establishing cancer screening programs. Findings suggest the relevance of ICSN activities to advancing cancer screening in both HICs and LMICs. ICSN is currently engaged in and developing additional approaches to advance cancer screening in LMICs, including technical assistance, workshops, and regional meetings.

Prevention of Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Perinatal approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
Dharmapuri Vidyasagar
Keyword(s):  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Antenatal Steroids ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
New Research

ABSTRACT Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial vasoproliferative retinal disorder in the premature infant exposed to high oxygen therapy. Retinopathy of prematurity is a major contributor to childhood blindness. Whereas ROP in high-income countries is decreasing, it is increasing in the low and middle-income countries, such as India. On the other hand, ROP is also a preventable disease. So far, preventive programs have focused on pediatric, neonatal, and nursing practices: Minimizing exposure to oxygen of premature babies admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in respiratory distress (RDS) and early detection of ROP and treatment by the ophthalmologists. Prematurity is the major risk factor for ROP. Decreasing the risk of prematurity requires a perinatal approach. Evidence shows that good antenatal care, managing preterm labor, and administration of antenatal steroids decrease respiratory complication and the need for oxygen therapy in the premature infants. There is also a need for decreasing the elective cesarean sections (ECS) which add to iatrogenic preterm births and associated respiratory complications. New research shows that inflammatory factors that lead to premature labor also make the premature retinal vessels susceptible to developing ROP. These scientific findings lay ground for a stronger perinatal approach to prevent ROP in future. This article attempts to highlight the perinatal approach to prevent ROP. How to cite this article Vidyasagar D. Prevention of Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Perinatal Approach. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(2):185-188.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document