scholarly journals Deficits in postural control in individuals with COPD - emerging evidence for an important secondary impairment

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria K. Beauchamp ◽  
Dina Brooks ◽  
Roger Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Balance Assessment ◽  
Balance Deficits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

Emerging evidence suggests that individuals with COPD demonstrate reductions in balance control that may be associated with an increased fall risk. The purpose of this review is to: 1) provide a brief overview of balance control and its assessment; 2) review relevant literature describing balance impairment in individuals with COPD; and 3) highlight impor- tant areas for future research. The observation of balance deficits and an increased fall risk in patients with COPD suggests the need for including balance assessment and training for patients enrolled in pulmonary rehabilitation who may be vulnerable. Further studies are needed to determine which aspects of balance are affected and to examine the impact of interventions.

The Effect of Concealed Handgun Carry Deregulation in Arizona on Crime in Tucson

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1186-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Smith ◽  
Matthew Petrocelli
Keyword(s):  
El Paso ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Multiple Time Series ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
State Adoption ◽  
Concealed Carry ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

In 2010, the Arizona legislature effectively deregulated concealed handgun carry in the state by passing Senate Bill (SB) 1108, which eliminated licensing and training requirements for concealed carry. Although researchers have extensively examined the impact of state adoption of concealed carry laws, almost nothing is known about the effects of deregulating concealed carry altogether. This study contributes to the more guns, less crime debate by examining the impact of Arizona’s decision to deregulate concealed carry. Using a multiple time-series research design with an experimental (Tucson) and control city (El Paso), the present study examines the impact of deregulation on handgun-related violent crime and gun larcenies in Arizona’s second largest city—Tucson. We find that the passage of SB 1108 had no impact on handgun-related offenses that could be expected to change following deregulation. The implications of these findings for policy making and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Introductory Information Systems Course Redesign: Better Preparing Business Students

10.28945/4058 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Gina Harden ◽  
Robert M. Crocker ◽  
Kelly Noe
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Course Design ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Advisory Council ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Course Redesign ◽  
College Of Business ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Complete Overhaul

Aim/Purpose: The dynamic nature of the information systems (IS) field presents educators with the perpetual challenge of keeping course offerings current and relevant. This paper describes the process at a College of Business (COB) to redesign the introductory IS course to better prepare students for advanced business classes and equip them with interdisciplinary knowledge and skills demanded in today’s workplace. Background: The course was previously in the Computer Science (CSC) Department, itself within the COB. However, an administrative restructuring resulted in the CSC department’s removal from the COB and left the core course in limbo. Methodology: This paper presents a case study using focus groups with students, faculty, and advisory council members to assess the value of the traditional introductory course. A survey was distributed to students after implementation of the newly developed course to assess the reception of the course. Contribution: This paper provides an outline of the decision-making process leading to the course redesign of the introductory IS course, including the context and the process of a new course development. Practical suggestions for implementing and teaching an introductory IS course in a business school are given. Findings: Focus group assessment revealed that stakeholders rated the existing introductory IS course of minimal value as students progressed through the COB program, and even less upon entering the workforce. The findings indicated a complete overhaul of the course was required. Recommendations for Practitioners: The subject of technology sometimes requires more than a simple update to the curriculum. When signs point to the need for a complete overhaul, this paper gives practical guidance supplemented with relevant literature for other academicians to follow. Recommendation for Researchers: Students are faced with increasing pressure to be proficient with the latest technology, in both the classroom where educators are trying to prepare them for the modern workplace, as well as the organization which faces an even greater pressure to leverage the latest technology. The newly designed introductory IS course provides students, and eventually organizations, a better measure of this proficiency. Future Research: Future research on the efficacy of this new course design should include longitudinal data to determine the impact on graduates, and eventually the assessment of those graduates’ performance in the workplace.

scholarly journals The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) to Differentiate Balance Deficits

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fay B Horak ◽  
Diane M Wrisley ◽  
James Frank
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Balance Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Balance Confidence ◽  
Balance Deficits ◽  
Abc Scale ◽  
Balance Problems

BackgroundCurrent clinical balance assessment tools do not aim to help therapists identify the underlying postural control systems responsible for poor functional balance. By identifying the disordered systems underlying balance control, therapists can direct specific types of intervention for different types of balance problems.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to develop a clinical balance assessment tool that aims to target 6 different balance control systems so that specific rehabilitation approaches can be designed for different balance deficits. This article presents the theoretical framework, interrater reliability, and preliminary concurrent validity for this new instrument, the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest).DesignThe BESTest consists of 36 items, grouped into 6 systems: “Biomechanical Constraints,” “Stability Limits/Verticality,” “Anticipatory Postural Adjustments,” “Postural Responses,” “Sensory Orientation,” and “Stability in Gait.”MethodsIn 2 interrater trials, 22 subjects with and without balance disorders, ranging in age from 50 to 88 years, were rated concurrently on the BESTest by 19 therapists, students, and balance researchers. Concurrent validity was measured by correlation between the BESTest and balance confidence, as assessed with the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale.ResultsConsistent with our theoretical framework, subjects with different diagnoses scored poorly on different sections of the BESTest. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for interrater reliability for the test as a whole was .91, with the 6 section ICCs ranging from .79 to .96. The Kendall coefficient of concordance among raters ranged from .46 to 1.00 for the 36 individual items. Concurrent validity of the correlation between the BESTest and the ABC Scale was r=.636, P<.01.LimitationsFurther testing is needed to determine whether: (1) the sections of the BESTest actually detect independent balance deficits, (2) other systems important for balance control should be added, and (3) a shorter version of the test is possible by eliminating redundant or insensitive items.ConclusionsThe BESTest is easy to learn to administer, with excellent reliability and very good validity. It is unique in allowing clinicians to determine the type of balance problems to direct specific treatments for their patients. By organizing clinical balance test items already in use, combined with new items not currently available, the BESTest is the most comprehensive clinical balance tool available and warrants further development.

scholarly journals Multiple sclerosis: Implications for future research on postural control and gait

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Felipe Balistieri Santinelli ◽  
Emerson Sebastião ◽  
Marcela de Oliveira ◽  
Fabio Augusto Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Insufficient Information ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gait Impairments

The objective of this letter is to provide a perspective on the impact of multiple sclerosis (MS) on postural control and gait and suggestions for future studies. Although studies on MS with postural control and gait have been carried out for some time, in Brazil and in the World, there is still insufficient information on MS and impairments in postural control and gait.Postural control and gait impairments are recognized to cause several problems for people with MS, these being two of the symptoms that most affect quality of life.Here, we present studies that have investigated impairments in postural control and gait using different experimental designs and discuss the adaptations of the central nervous system (CNS) due to the damage caused by MS.We recommend future studies focus on how the CNS is organized towards postural control and gait, with a better ecological approach, which could assist the development of rehabilitation programs.

scholarly journals The Impact of Pain on Functionality, Postural Control and Fall Risk in Woman Aged 45 to 64 Years Old

Geriatrics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Priscilla Beaupré ◽  
Rubens A. da Silva ◽  
Tommy Chevrette
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Force Platform ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Control Performance ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
The Impact

Background: Ageing in women is associated with chronic degenerative pain leading to a functional decrease and therefore increase fall risk. It is therefore essential to detect early functional decreases in the presence of pain related to osteoarthritis. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the impact of pain on functionality, postural control and fall risk in women aged between 45 to 64 years old. Methods: Twenty-one (21) women aged 45 to 64 were evaluated by clinical and functional measures such as a pain questionnaire (Lequesne Index), functional tests (Stair Step Test, 5 times sit-to-stand, 6MWD, Timed-up and Go) and postural performance (under force platform). Women were classified into 2 groups from the Lequesne Pain Index (PI): low pain (score ≤ 9) and strong pain (score ≥ 10) for subsequent comparisons on functionality (physical and postural control performance). Results: A significant impact was observed between the pain index (strong PI) and 3 of the 4 functional tests carried out including Stair Step Test (p = 0.001; g = 1.44), walking distance (p = 0.003; g = 1.31) and Timed-up and Go (p = 0.04; g = −0.93). The group with a strong PI score reported further poor postural control under force platform compared to the weak pain group. Conclusion: Pain and severity based on the PI index negatively modulate physical and postural control performance in women aged 45 to 64 years old.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review of Deterrents to the Practice of Sustainable Interior Architecture and Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10403
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Ashour ◽  
Amir Mahdiyar ◽  
Syarmila Hany Haron
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Summary Table ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Interior Architecture ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Architecture And Design ◽  
And Training

The interior environment as the place where people spend nearly 95% of their time in, has recently received considerable attention within the domain of the built environment. The concept of Sustainable Interior Architecture and Design (SIAD) and its significance have been recognized given its potential for energy conservation, and its impacts on occupants’ satisfaction, comfort, as well as their physical and psychological wellbeing. Although the adoption of SIAD is crucial in achieving the sustainable development goals, its practice is still hindered by numerous deterrents. A number of studies have reported on these deterrents; however, there is no comprehensive review of the literature on this topic. Thus, as a first step toward addressing the present gap, this article provides a two decade (2000–2021) systematic review of the relevant literature that investigates a total of 51 publications. Furthermore, a scientometric analysis was conducted, and the co-citation and co-occurrence of journals and keywords were analyzed to illustrate the scientific landscape. A comprehensive summary table is provided consisting of 61 deterrents to the practice of SIAD that are categorized into five main categories: (1) economic; (2) attitude, knowledge, and awareness; (3) market, information, and technology; (4) education and training; as well as (5) government and professional bodies. Finally, the findings are deliberated upon and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Data stream mining: methods and challenges for handling concept drift

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Wares ◽  
John Isaacs ◽  
Eyad Elyan
Keyword(s):  
Data Stream ◽  
Concept Drift ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Streaming Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stream Mining ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Concept Drift Detection ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Mining and analysing streaming data is crucial for many applications, and this area of research has gained extensive attention over the past decade. However, there are several inherent problems that continue to challenge the hardware and the state-of-the art algorithmic solutions. Examples of such problems include the unbound size, varying speed and unknown data characteristics of arriving instances from a data stream. The aim of this research is to portray key challenges faced by algorithmic solutions for stream mining, particularly focusing on the prevalent issue of concept drift. A comprehensive discussion of concept drift and its inherent data challenges in the context of stream mining is presented, as is a critical, in-depth review of relevant literature. Current issues with the evaluative procedure for concept drift detectors is also explored, highlighting problems such as a lack of established base datasets and the impact of temporal dependence on concept drift detection. By exposing gaps in the current literature, this study suggests recommendations for future research which should aid in the progression of stream mining and concept drift detection algorithms.

Medication Decision Making Among African American Caregivers of Children With ADHD: A Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705472093078
Author(s):  
Amy Glasofer ◽  
Catherine Dingley ◽  
Andrew Thomas Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
African American ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Specific Barriers ◽  
African American Caregivers

Background: Significant pharmacotherapy disparities exist among children from ethnic minorities with ADHD. Objective: The purpose of this review is to synthesize existing evidence on African American caregiver medication decision making (MDM) for children with ADHD. Method: Databases queried for this review included the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsychINFO, PubMed, and Education Resources Information Center (ERIC). Information regarding the unique culturally specific barriers and supports to MDM were examined through the relevant literature search. Results: Fourteen articles were included in this review (seven observational studies, four qualitative studies, three mixed methods studies). Three main themes were identified which include (a) fundamental perspectives of ADHD, and cultural norms for child behavior; (b) the impact of fundamental perspectives on MDM in ADHD; and (c) ADHD diagnosis and treatment as forms of social control. Conclusion: Evidence-based recommendations for clinicians are provided, along with direction for future research.

scholarly journals Frameworks and quality measures used for debriefing in team-based simulation: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Endacott ◽  
Thomas Gale ◽  
Anita O’Connor ◽  
Samantha Dix
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
High Quality Score

ObjectivesThe skill of the debriefer is known to be the strongest independent predictor of the quality of simulation encounters yet educators feel underprepared for this role. The aim of this review was to identify frameworks used for debriefing team-based simulations and measures used to assess debriefing quality.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, CINAHL, MedLine and Embase databases for simulation studies that evaluated a debriefing framework. Two reviewers evaluated study quality and retrieved information regarding study methods, debriefing framework, outcome measures and debriefing quality.ResultsA total of 676 papers published between January 2003 and December 2017 were identified using the search protocol. Following screening of abstracts, 37 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, 26 studies met inclusion criteria for quality appraisal and 18 achieved a sufficiently high-quality score for inclusion in the evidence synthesis. A debriefing framework was used in all studies, mostly tailored to the study. Impact of the debrief was measured using satisfaction surveys (n=11) and/or participant performance (n=18). Three themes emerged from the data synthesis: selection and training of facilitators, debrief model and debrief assessment. There was little commonality across studies in terms of participants, experience of faculty and measures used.ConclusionsA range of debriefing frameworks were used in these studies. Some key aspects of debrief for team-based simulation, such as facilitator training, the inclusion of a reaction phase and the impact of learner characteristics on debrief outcomes, have no or limited evidence and provide opportunities for future research particularly with interprofessional groups.

The Impact of Skill Learnability on the Effectiveness of Managerial Training and Development

1983 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H. Brush ◽  
Betty Jo Licata
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Managerial Skills ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Managerial Training ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

Skill learnability, the degree to which a particular managerial skill can be acquired or modified by training and development, is de scribed and discussed. It is argued that those managerial skills com prised of large sociallinteractive components and affected by under lying noncognitive attributes are more difficult to learn than skills which can be articulated through a common body of knowledge or technology. Implications for organization resource allocation be tween selection and training strategies and future research directions are discussed.

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