scholarly journals Access to information and decision making on teenage pregnancy prevention by females in Tshwane

Curationis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P.F. Masemola-Yende ◽  
Sanah M. Mataboge
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Pregnancy Prevention ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Female Teenagers

Background: The increase in the number of teenage pregnancies and its negative consequences has encouraged various researchers to explore the possible causes of teenage pregnancy. Findings from previously-conducted research have indicated different preventable factors that predispose female teenagers to pregnancy, such as staff attitudes and the lack of information resulting from poor access to health facilities.Objective: To explore and describe access to information and decision making on teenage pregnancy prevention by females using a primary healthcare clinic in Tshwane, South Africa.Method: In this study, the researchers used a descriptive qualitative and exploratory research design to explore and describe the verbal reports regarding prevention of teenage pregnancy by females using a primary healthcare clinic in Tshwane, South Africa. Face-to-face semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 female participants aged between 15 and 26, who had been pregnant once or more during their teens.Results: Two themes emerged, namely, access to information and decision making by female teenagers. Five categories that emerged were: access to information on pregnancy prevention; ignoring of provided information; the use of alternative medicine with hormonal contraception; personal reasons for use and non-use of contraception; and decisions made by teenagers to not fall pregnant. Females in this study fell pregnant in their teens, even though they had access to information.Conclusion: Given the complexity of this problem, female teenagers should use their families as primary sources of information for reproductive health promotion and educational institutions should build on this to aid the prevention of teenage pregnancy.

scholarly journals Teenage pregnancy in Nigeria: professional nurses and educators’ perspectives

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Oluwaseyi Abiodun Akpor ◽  
Gloria Thupayagale-Tshweneagae
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pregnancy Prevention ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Professional Nurses

Background: Teenage pregnancy has been regarded as a negative occurrence in recent times due to its various negative consequences on the overall wellbeing of the teenage mother and her child, the whole family system and the entire community at large. Teenage pregnancy rate is a powerful indicator of the total well-being of a population. Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore professional nurses and secondary school teachers’ own perspectives on teenage pregnancy and to ascertain the current teenage pregnancy prevention programmes within the two selected communities in Kwara and Edo states in Nigeria. Methods: The study was qualitative and contextual with an exploratory strategy. A total of 80 participants, who were professional nurses and secondary school teachers, responded to the semi-structured interview and completed a questionnaire on demographic data. Template analysis style was combined with content analysis for data analysis. Results: Our findings revealed limited teenage pregnancy prevention initiatives in the communities. The majority of the participants expressed that teenage pregnancy is a common occurrence in their communities, but it is not acceptable. More than half of the participants did not accept the usage of contraceptives by teenagers. Conclusions: The study identified a number of factors that may influence the rate of teenage pregnancy in the communities. Therefore, strategies to reduce teenage pregnancy should focus on building social capital for teenagers in communities, making information on contraception more accessible and offering programmes that empower girls in the area of sexuality.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN SISWI SMP TENTANG KEHAMILAN REMAJA

e-CliniC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy Narasiang ◽  
John Wantania ◽  
Maya Mewengkang
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
The Mass Media

Abstract: Teenage pregnancy associated with negative consequences for parents, their children, and society. Lack of knowledge of sex and domestic life becomes a major factor of teenage pregnancy and significantly associated with medical and psychosocial risks.To determine the junior high school student knowledge about teenage pregnancy.This research was conducted in a descriptive way through survey method by distributing questionnaires in three junior high schools in the city of Manado, namely, SMP 7 Manado, Eben SMP and SMP Haezar 1 Manado Manado Eben Haezar 2.Of the 183 respondents, the highest obtained at the age of 14 years (55.7%). Most respondents (73.8%) had a good knowledge level. Sources of information about teen pregnancy is the most established through the mass media. The influence of the mass media in conveying information about sexual and reproductive health provides good information.Most respondents have a good knowledge about teenage pregnancy and through mass media many teenagers get resources on teen pregnancy.Keywords: knowledge, student, junior high school, teenage pregnancyAbstrak: Kehamilan remaja berhubungan dengan akibat negatif bagi orang tua, anak mereka, dan masyarakat. Kurangnya pengetahuan seks dan kehidupan rumah tangga menjadi faktor utama kehamilan remaja dan berhubungan secara bermakna dengan resiko medis dan psikososial. Untuk mengetahui pengetahuan siswi SMP tentang kehamilan remaja. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan cara deskriptif melaui metode survei dengan cara membagikan kuesioner di tiga SMP di Kota Manado yaitu, SMP Negeri 7 Manado, SMP Eben Haezar 1 Manado dan SMP Eben Haezar 2 Manado. Dari 183 responden, didapatkan terbanyak pada usia 14 tahun (55,7 %) . Sebagian besar responden (73,8 %) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik. Sumber informasi mengenai kehamilan remaja yang terbanyak didapatkan melalui jalur media massa. Pengaruh media massa dalam menyampaikan informasi mengenai seks dan kesehatan reproduksi memberikan informasi yang baik. Sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang kehamilan remaja dan melalui media massa remaja banyak mendapatkan sumber informasi tentang kehamilan remaja.Kata kunci: pengetahuan, siswi, smp, kehamilan remaja

Chronic methiopropamine modifies preference of choice in rat gambling task

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s866-s867
Author(s):  
H.S. Yoon ◽  
W.Y. Kim ◽  
M.J. Ku ◽  
B.R. Cho ◽  
M.J. Kwak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Structural Analog ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Light Signals ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Decision Making Behavior

Introduction and aimsRat gambling task (rGT) is a recently developed animal model making translational research possible in psychiatric disorders related to decision-making deficits. Methiopropamine (MPA) is a structural analog to methamphetamine and a temporary controlled substance. Although increasing concerns have been raised regarding MPA's abuse, few sources of information exist regarding its psychopharmacology. Thus, we investigated whether MPA produces any changes in the choice of preference in rGT.MethodsRats were trained in a touch screen chamber to learn the relationships between 4 different light signals on the screen and accompanied reward outcomes and punishments set up with different schedules, for one session of 30 min each day. Once animals showed a stabilized pattern of preference, they were given a total of 5 IP injections (a single injection per day, every other day) with saline or MPA followed by 2 weeks of withdrawal. Upon MPA challenge injection, their preference of choice was re-tested in rGT chambers.ResultsDepending upon their preference of choice, rats were separated as risk-averse or risk-seeking groups. When they were pre-exposed to and challenged with MPA, rats in the risk-averse group significantly changed their preference toward more disadvantageous choices. These effects were not shown when they were pre-exposed to saline and challenged with MPA.ConclusionsThese results indicate that MPA badly influences decision-making behavior as in gambling task, implying that it may aggravate pathological symptoms of bad choices, resulting in negative consequences, observed in the patients with behavioral addictions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

“It's Not Humanly Possible to Do Everything”: Perspectives on Intervention Decision-Making Processes of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erinn Finke ◽  
Kathryn Drager ◽  
Elizabeth C. Serpentine
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individualized Education Program ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Interview Methodology ◽  
Communication Interventions

Purpose The purpose of this investigation was to understand the decision-making processes used by parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) related to communication-based interventions. Method Qualitative interview methodology was used. Data were gathered through interviews. Each parent had a child with ASD who was at least four-years-old; lived with their child with ASD; had a child with ASD without functional speech for communication; and used at least two different communication interventions. Results Parents considered several sources of information for learning about interventions and provided various reasons to initiate and discontinue a communication intervention. Parents also discussed challenges introduced once opinions of the school individualized education program (IEP) team had to be considered. Conclusions Parents of children with ASD primarily use individual decision-making processes to select interventions. This discrepancy speaks to the need for parents and professionals to share a common “language” about interventions and the decision-making process.

MONITORING THE ATTITUDE OF THE POPULATION TO PROBLEMS OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT FOR SITUATION-AL CENTERS OF A SMART CITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
D. Verzilin ◽  
T. Maximova ◽  
I. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Online Activity ◽  
Operational Decision Making ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Intelligent Information ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Active Citizen

Goal. The purpose of the study was to search for alternative sources of information on popu-lation’s preferences and response to problems and changes in the urban environment for use in the operational decision-making at situational centers. Materials and methods. The authors used data from search queries with keywords, data on communities in social networks, data from subject forums, and official statistics. Methods of statistical data analysis were applied. Results. The analysis of thematic online activity of the population was performed. The re-sults reflected the interest in the state of the environment, the possibility of distance learning and work, are presented. It was reasoned that measurements of population’s thematic online activity let identify needs and analyze the real-time response to changes in the urban envi-ronment. Such an approach to identifying the needs of the population can be used in addition to the platforms “Active Citizen” of the Smart City project. Conclusions. An analysis of data on online activity of the population for decision-making at situational centers is more operational, flexible and representative, as compared with the use of tools of those platforms. Such an analysis can be used as an alternative to sociological surveys, as it saves time and money. When making management decisions using intelligent information services, it is necessary to take into account the needs of the population, reflect-ed in its socio-economic activity in cyberspace.

scholarly journals The Biography of an Algorithm: Performing algorithmic technologies in organizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 263178772110046
Author(s):  
Vern L. Glaser ◽  
Neil Pollock ◽  
Luciana D’Adderio
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Organizational Capabilities ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Organizational Decision Making ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
Over Time

Algorithms are ubiquitous in modern organizations. Typically, researchers have viewed algorithms as self-contained computational tools that either magnify organizational capabilities or generate unintended negative consequences. To overcome this limited understanding of algorithms as stable entities, we propose two moves. The first entails building on a performative perspective to theorize algorithms as entangled, relational, emergent, and nested assemblages that use theories—and the sociomaterial networks they invoke—to automate decisions, enact roles and expertise, and perform calculations. The second move entails building on our dynamic perspective on algorithms to theorize how algorithms evolve as they move across contexts and over time. To this end, we introduce a biographical perspective on algorithms which traces their evolution by focusing on key “biographical moments.” We conclude by discussing how our performativity-inspired biographical perspective on algorithms can help management and organization scholars better understand organizational decision-making, the spread of technologies and their logics, and the dynamics of practices and routines.

Household Evacuation Decision Making and the Benefits of Improved Hurricane Forecasting: Developing a Framework for Assessment

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey K. Lazo ◽  
Donald M. Waldman ◽  
Betty Hearn Morrow ◽  
Jennifer A. Thacher
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Investments ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Hurricane Forecasting ◽  
Survey Research Methods

Abstract Hurricane warnings are the primary sources of information that enable the public to assess the risk and develop responses to threats from hurricanes. These warnings have significantly reduced the number of hurricane-related fatalities in the last several decades. Further investment in the science and implementation of the warning system is a primary mission of the National Weather Service and its partners. It is important that the weather community understand the public’s preferences and values for such investments; yet, there is little empirical information on the use of forecasts in evacuation decision making, the economic value of current forecasts, or the potential use or value for improvements in hurricane forecasts. Such information is needed to evaluate whether improved forecast provision and dissemination offer more benefit to society than alternative public investments. Fundamental aspects of households’ perceptions of hurricane forecasts and warnings and their potential uses of and values for improved hurricane forecast information are examined. The study was designed in part to examine the viability of survey research methods for exploring evacuation decision making and for eliciting values for improved hurricane forecasts and warnings. First, aspects that affect households’ stated likelihood of evacuation are explored, because informing such decisions is one of the primary purposes of hurricane forecasts and warnings. Then, stated-choice valuation methods are used to analyze choices between potential forecast-improvement programs and the accuracy of existing forecasts. From this, the willingness to pay (WTP) for improved forecasts is derived from survey respondents.

scholarly journals Navigating the Decision Space: Shared Medical Decision Making as Distributed Cognition

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1035-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine D. Lippa ◽  
Markus A. Feufel ◽  
F. Eric Robinson ◽  
Valerie L. Shalin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Distributed Cognition ◽  
Medical Decision Making ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Decision Space

Despite increasing prominence, little is known about the cognitive processes underlying shared decision making. To investigate these processes, we conceptualize shared decision making as a form of distributed cognition. We introduce a Decision Space Model to identify physical and social influences on decision making. Using field observations and interviews, we demonstrate that patients and physicians in both acute and chronic care consider these influences when identifying the need for a decision, searching for decision parameters, making actionable decisions Based on the distribution of access to information and actions, we then identify four related patterns: physician dominated; physician-defined, patient-made; patient-defined, physician-made; and patient-dominated decisions. Results suggests that (a) decision making is necessarily distributed between physicians and patients, (b) differential access to information and action over time requires participants to transform a distributed task into a shared decision, and (c) adverse outcomes may result from failures to integrate physician and patient reasoning. Our analysis unifies disparate findings in the medical decision-making literature and has implications for improving care and medical training.

The importance of social media on holiday visitors’ choices – the case of Athens, Greece

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Androniki Kavoura ◽  
Aikaterini Stavrianeas
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Community Belonging ◽  
And Gender

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine visitors’ perceptions and relevant importance of social media when choosing a Mediterranean destination and also to explore the extent in which they believe it is important for them to belong to an online community with shared characteristics among its members. Design/methodology/approach – A stratified, based on nationality and gender, sample of 301 respondents of foreign arrivals of visitors in the Athens airport, Greece was collected in June and July 2014 based on the official Athens Airport Authorities Arrival Research. This is a partially exploratory research. Findings – Differences between age groups as far as the importance attributed to social media as sources of information about a tourism destination were found. The respondents, when using the internet for gathering information about a tourism Mediterranean destination, consider different online channels. Facebook is among the most important sources of information for them associated with the tourism destinations. Official web sites/blogs of the destination are the first source and photo sharing sites are the second most preferred source; sharing aesthetics of photos was found to contribute to the feeling of belonging to an on line travel community. Research limitations/implications – Further research will contribute to the development of greater understanding of the strategic approaches to social media and their use to promote a destination. Greek diaspora would be interesting to examine and geographical differences among groups. Practical implications – The paper denotes the importance for destination management organizations and companies, to fully employ the social media in their marketing efforts. Originality/value – The present study increases our understanding of the adoption of online and traditional communications in the visitor’s process for Athens, Greece, shedding light to the literature existing on the significance attributed to the online travel community belonging from visitors through sharing aesthetics of photos and associations of ideas based on age differences.

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