scholarly journals Understanding and handling mental disorders in the aged

Curationis ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.S. Gillis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Old People ◽  
Psychiatric Disturbances

The serious psychiatric disturbances of old people are a matter for experts, but lesser psychological symptoms and emotional disturbances are frequent and sometimes alarming.

Old Age Mental Disorders in Newcastle upon Tyne

1964 ◽  
Vol 110 (468) ◽  
pp. 668-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. K. Kay ◽  
P. Beamish ◽  
Martin Roth
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Old People ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Medical Status ◽  
Organic Brain ◽  
Domestic Support ◽  
Newcastle Upon Tyne

In a previous paper (Kay, Beamish and Roth, 1963) we studied the prevalence of various kinds of psychiatric disorder in a random sample of old people living at home in Newcastle upon Tyne. During the interviews, special attention was paid to the collection of social data. For, as Townsend (1957a) pointed out, old age is an epoch of diminishing social contacts and domestic support, and isolated old people make disproportionately heavy demands on the institutions of the Health and Welfare Services. By comparing the medical status and social circumstances of subjects with organic brain syndromes, those with functional disorders, and those without psychiatric abnormality, we have attempted to explore further the relative importance of these factors in the two main groups of mental disorders in old age.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Treatment at a Pain Clinic on the Patients’ Assessment of Their Pain Intensity and the Incidence of Mental Disorders in the form of Anxiety, Depression, and Aggression

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kosson ◽  
Marcin Kołacz ◽  
Robert Gałązkowski ◽  
Patryk Rzońca ◽  
Barbara Lisowska
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Pain Clinic ◽  
Pain Clinics ◽  
Pain Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety Depression

The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of the treatment given to patients in a pain clinic on their assessment of pain intensity and the incidence of emotional disturbances in the form of anxiety, depression, and aggression. The study was conducted from January 2014 to April 2018 among patients under the care of two Warsaw pain clinics. The study tools were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—Modified Version (HADS-M) and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The project enrolled 325 patients, with women comprising 60.62% of patients, and the age bracked of 65–79 years comprising 39.38% of patient. The major reasons for attending the pain clinic were osteoarticular pain (44.92%) and neuropathic pain (42.77%). The therapy applied lowered the patients’ pain intensity (4.98 vs. 3.83), anxiety (8.71 vs. 8.12), aggression (3.30 vs. 3.08), and the overall HADS-M score (18.93 vs. 17.90), which shows that the treatment of both the pain symptoms and the associated emotional disturbances in the form of anxiety and aggression was effective. Sex is a factor affecting pain intensity. The level of mental disorders was influenced by the sex and age of the patients and how long they had been treated in the pain clinics.

scholarly journals Psychological assessment in patients with phobic postural vertigo

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliani Souza dos Santos Ferreira ◽  
Cristiana Borges Pereira ◽  
Sueli Rossini ◽  
Aline Mizuta Kozoroski Kanashiro ◽  
Carla Cristina Adda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Psychological Assessment ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Disturbance ◽  
Phobic Postural Vertigo ◽  
Psychiatric Disturbances ◽  
Care Evaluation

Phobic postural vertigo (PPV) is a frequent diagnosis which can be challenging to treat. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of psychiatric disturbances in patients with PPV; to assess the psychological status of patients using adaptive diagnosis; to verify possible correlations between severity of psychiatric disturbance and adaptive efficacy. METHOD: A total of nineteen subjects were assessed and two instruments applied: the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders Questionnaire (PRIME-MD) and the Adaptive Operationalized Diagnostic Scale (AODS), and results from both tests were compared. RESULTS: Fourteen patients presented with mood disorder and thirteen with anxiety. All patients presented compromised adaptive efficacy. Correlation was found between overall outcome on the PRIME and the AODS (tau= -0.42, p=0.027), Separate analysis revealed correlation between results of the AODS and anxiety disorders (tau= -0.45, p=0.018) but not with mood disorders (tau= -0.36, p=0.054). CONCLUSION: Adaptive compromise was observed in individuals with PPV which was shown to be associated to psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals Mental disorders, psychological symptoms and quality of life 8 years after an earthquake: findings from a community sample in Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Priebe ◽  
Fabio Marchi ◽  
Lucia Bini ◽  
Martina Flego ◽  
Ana Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Community Sample

Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 and Beyond (ICD-11)

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zaudig
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Related Approach ◽  
Dsm Iv

“A classification is the reification of an ideological position, of an accepted stand of theory and knowledge. It means creating, defining or confirming boundaries of concepts. These in turn define ourselves, our future and our past…” (Sartorius, 1991). The 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), Chapter V on Mental and Behavioral Disorders (World Healthorganization [WHO], 1992, 1993), and the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) have been adapted to the current clinical and scientific knowledge of mental disorders. Because ICD-10 has adapted the primarily descriptive and criteria-related approach from DSM-111, the general structures of both classifications are quite similar. However, complete congruency between ICD-10 and DSM-IV has not yet been reached.

scholarly journals Cognitive and Emotional Disturbances Due to COVID-19: An Exploratory Study in the Rehabilitation Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Pistarini ◽  
Elena Fiabane ◽  
Elise Houdayer ◽  
Claudio Vassallo ◽  
Marina Rita Manera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Functional Rehabilitation ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
State Evaluation ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) can cause neurological, psychiatric, psychological, and psychosocial impairments. Literature regarding cognitive impact of COVID-19 is still limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate cognitive deficits and emotional distress among COVID-19 and post–COVID-19 patients who required functional rehabilitation. Specifically, this study explored and compared cognitive and psychological status of patients in the subacute phase of the disease (COVID-19 group) and patients in the postillness period (post–COVID-19 group). Forty patients admitted to rehabilitation units were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups according to the phase of the disease: (a) COVID-19 group (n = 20) and (b) post–COVID-19 group (n = 20). All patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment including Mini-Mental State Evaluation (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R). A larger part of the COVID group showed neuropsychological deficits in the total MMSE (35%) compared to the post-COVID group (5%), whereas the majority of both groups (75–70%) reported cognitive impairments in the total MoCA. The post-COVID group reported significantly higher score in MMSE subtests of language (p = 0.02) and in MoCA subtests of executive functions (p = 0.05), language (p = 0.01), and abstraction (p = 0.02) compared to the COVID group. Regarding emotional disturbances, ~40% of patients presented with mild to moderate depression (57.9–60%). The post–COVID-19 group reported significantly higher levels of distress at the IES-R compared to the COVID group (p = 0.02). These findings highlight the gravity of neuropsychological and psychological symptoms that can be induced by COVID-19 infection and the need for tailored rehabilitation, including cognitive training and psychological support.

scholarly journals Integration of a Technology-Based Mental Health Screening Program Into Routine Practices of Primary Health Care Services in Peru (The Allillanchu Project): Development and Implementation (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Diez-Canseco ◽  
Mauricio Toyama ◽  
Alessandra Ipince ◽  
Silvana Perez-Leon ◽  
Victoria Cavero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Training And Supervision ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Specialized Care

BACKGROUND Despite their high prevalence and significant burden, mental disorders such as depression remain largely underdiagnosed and undertreated. OBJECTIVE The aim of the Allillanchu Project was to design, develop, and test an intervention to promote early detection, opportune referral, and access to treatment of patients with mental disorders attending public primary health care (PHC) services in Lima, Peru. METHODS The project had a multiphase design: formative study, development of intervention components, and implementation. The intervention combined three strategies: training of PHC providers (PHCPs), task shifting the detection and referral of mental disorders, and a mobile health (mHealth) component comprising a screening app followed by motivational and reminder short message service (SMS) to identify at-risk patients. The intervention was implemented by 22 PHCPs from five health centers, working in antenatal care, tuberculosis, chronic diseases, and HIV or AIDS services. RESULTS Over a period of 9 weeks, from September 2015 to November 2015, 733 patients were screened by the 22 PHCPs during routine consultations, and 762 screening were completed in total. The chronic diseases (49.9%, 380/762) and antenatal care services (36.7%, 380/762) had the higher number of screenings. Time constraints and workload were the main barriers to implementing the screening, whereas the use of technology, training, and supervision of the PHCPs by the research team were identified as facilitators. Of the 733 patients, 21.7% (159/733) screened positively and were advised to seek specialized care. Out of the 159 patients with a positive screening result, 127 had a follow-up interview, 72.4% (92/127) reported seeking specialized care, and 55.1% (70/127) stated seeing a specialist. Both patients and PHCPs recognized the utility of the screening and identified some key challenges to its wider implementation. CONCLUSIONS The use of a screening app supported by training and supervision is feasible and uncovers a high prevalence of unidentified psychological symptoms in primary care. To increase its sustainability and utility, this procedure can be incorporated into the routine practices of existing health care services, following tailoring to the resources and features of each service. The early detection of psychological symptoms by a PHCP within a regular consultation, followed by adequate advice and support, can lead to a significant percentage of patients accessing specialized care and reducing the treatment gap of mental disorders.

scholarly journals Mental health of US Gulf War veterans 10 years after the war

2007 ◽  
Vol 190 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Toomey ◽  
Han K. Kang ◽  
Joel Karlinsky ◽  
Dewleen G. Baker ◽  
Jennifer J. Vasterling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Gulf War Veterans ◽  
Temporal Course ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

BackgroundGulf War veterans reported multiple psychological symptoms immediately after the war; the temporal course of these symptoms remains unclear.AimsTo assess the prevalence of war-era onset mental disorders in US veterans deployed to the Gulf War and in non-deployed veterans 10 years after the war.MethodMental disorders were diagnosed using structured clinical interviews. Standard questionnaires assessed symptoms and quality of life.ResultsGulf War-era onset mental disorders were more prevalent in deployed veterans (18.1%, n=1061) compared with non-deployed veterans (8.9%, n=1128). The prevalence of depression and anxiety declined 10 years later in both groups, but remained higher in the deployed group, who also reported more symptoms and a lower quality of life than the non-deployed group. Remission of depression may be related to the presence of comorbid psychiatric disorders and level of education. Remission of anxiety was related to treatment with medication.ConclusionsGulf War deployment was associated with an increased prevalence of mental disorders, psychological symptoms and a lower quality of life beginning during the war and persisting at a lower rate 10 years later.

scholarly journals Relationship between Quality of Life and Sociodemographic, Physical and Mental Health Variables in People over 65 in the Community of Madrid

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8528
Author(s):  
Berta Ausín ◽  
Alba Zamorano ◽  
Manuel Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Except in the case of depression, there are few studies that analyze mental health variables related to quality of life (QoL) in people over 65 years of age. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between QoL and the following variables: sociodemographic and physical and mental health of people over 65 years of age. The sample was randomly selected and consists of men and women between 65 and 84 years of age (N = 555) from the Community of Madrid. Mental disorders were evaluated with the CIDI65+ interview and QoL with the WHOQoL-BREF scale. Means, ANOVA and multiple linear regression analyses were performed. Women have worse QoL than men and QoL worsens with age. The regression model for the dependent variable “WHOQoL BREF Scale” explains 41.43% of the variance (R2 = 0.413). The variables that have the greatest impact on QoL are as follows: a greater number of physical and psychological symptoms, experiencing financial difficulties and the presence of a psychological disorder, while continuing to work has a positive effect on QoL. Physical and mental disorders have a similar impact on QoL. The presence of a greater number of psychological symptoms (without necessarily fulfilling the criteria of a mental disorder) is a predictive variable of worse QoL. Mental health has a burden on the QoL of people over 65 years of age that is as powerful as physical health.

Psychogenesis of Emesis

1964 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Cleghorn ◽  
W. T. Brown ◽  
P. H. Melville
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Psychiatric Symptom ◽  
Emotional Disturbances

1. Emesis, or vomiting, considered historically, can be seen in three roles. First it was induced for convivial reasons, to permit continued gormandizing, secondly, on cultural grounds, as part of purification rites and thirdly for curative purposes in the treatment of illness, including mental disorders. Its importance in medicine stems from the fact that it is probably second only to pain in frequency as a symptom of emotional disturbances. Its importance in psychiatry lies in the fact that it is observed in a variety of situations in which its occurrence has different psychological meanings and since it occupies a controversial position in the conceptualizing about conversion phenomena. 2. The physiology of emesis is reviewed and the sequential participation of autonomic and somatic factors is detailed. Psychophysiological aspects of nausea are briefly considered. The roles of various neurophysiological functions, including the limbic system, are discussed in connection with the psychogenic aspects of emesis. 3. Reference is made to pertinent papers on ‘neurotic vomiting’ and to some offering psychodynamic explanations. The relevance of organ language to emesis or ‘neurotic vomiting’ is mentioned. 4. An endeavour is made to separate reflex from psychogenic emesis and a classification of the latter is presented. This shows an increasing complexity as one passes from states in which the mechanism is characterized as arousal to those designated symbolic, expressive and disintegrative. 5. Some semantic implications of the words symbolic, conversion, hysteria, and expressive, are discussed and the unsatisfactory state of ambiguity which surrounds the first three in the psychiatric literature is noted. 6. Certain psychodynamic characteristics of those patients in whom vomiting was a major psychiatric symptom are summarized from the psychiatric literature.

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