scholarly journals Association of trypanosomosis risk with dairy cattle production in western Kenya

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.L. Mugunieri ◽  
G.O. Matete
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
Trypanosomosis Risk

Dairy cattle reared in western Kenya are exposed to medium to high levels of trypanosomosis risk. The social background, farm characteristics and dairy cattle productivity of 90 and 30 randomly selected farmers from medium- and high-risk trypanosomosis areas, respectively, were compared. All the 120 farmers were visited between July and August 2002. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance. The results showed that increased trypanosomosis risk represented by an increase in disease prevalence in cattle of 1% to 20 % decreased the density of dairy cattle by 53 % and increased the calving interval from 14 to 25 months. The increased risk was also associated with a significant increase in cattle mortalities and in a lactation period of 257 to 300 days. It was concluded that removal of the trypanosomosis constraint on dairy production would lead to expansion of dairying since the domestic demand for dairy products is expected to increase.

scholarly journals Association of trypanosomosis risk with dairy cattle production in western Kenya

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.L. Mugunieri ◽  
G.O. Matete
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
Trypanosomosis Risk

Dairy cattle reared in western Kenya are exposed to medium to high levels of trypanosomosis risk. The social background, farm characteristics and dairy cattle productivity of 90 and 30 randomly selected farmers from medium- and high-risk trypanosomosis areas, respectively, were compared. All the 120 farmers were visited between July and August 2002. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance. The results showed that increased trypanosomosis risk represented by an increase in disease prevalence in cattle of 1% to 20 % decreased the density of dairy cattle by 53 % and increased the calving interval from 14 to 25 months. The increased risk was also associated with a significant increase in cattle mortalities and in a lactation period of 257 to 300 days. It was concluded that removal of the trypanosomosis constraint on dairy production would lead to expansion of dairying since the domestic demand for dairy products is expected to increase.

scholarly journals Evaluating Three-Pillar Sustainability Modelling Approaches for Dairy Cattle Production Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6332
Author(s):  
Xabier Díaz de Otálora ◽  
Agustín del Prado ◽  
Federico Dragoni ◽  
Fernando Estellés ◽  
Barbara Amon
Keyword(s):  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Integrated Sustainability

Milk production in Europe is facing major challenges to ensure its economic, environmental, and social sustainability. It is essential that holistic concepts are developed to ensure the future sustainability of the sector and to assist farmers and stakeholders in making knowledge-based decisions. In this study, integrated sustainability assessment by means of whole-farm modelling is presented as a valuable approach for identifying factors and mechanisms that could be used to improve the three pillars (3Ps) of sustainability in the context of an increasing awareness of economic profitability, social well-being, and environmental impacts of dairy production systems (DPS). This work aims (i) to create an evaluation framework that enables quantitative analysis of the level of integration of 3P sustainability indicators in whole-farm models and (ii) to test this method. Therefore, an evaluation framework consisting of 35 indicators distributed across the 3Ps of sustainability was used to evaluate three whole-farm models. Overall, the models integrated at least 40% of the proposed indicators. Different results were obtained for each sustainability pillar by each evaluated model. Higher scores were obtained for the environmental pillar, followed by the economic and the social pillars. In conclusion, this evaluation framework was found to be an effective tool that allows potential users to choose among whole-farm models depending on their needs. Pathways for further model development that may be used to integrate the 3P sustainability assessment of DPS in a more complete and detailed way were identified.

Dairy Fears: Moral Panic around Food Contamination Scandals in Contemporary Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
pp. 239386172110146
Author(s):  
James Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Common

A major food contamination scandal occurred in Sri Lanka in 2013 after it was alleged that Fonterra dairy products contained chemicals known to have a negative effect on human health. This crisis was influenced by unique factors that, I argue, are particular to the social and cultural context of Sri Lanka. In this article, I will be focusing on several such factors: (a) specific considerations about the Sri Lankan dairy industry; (b) the growing influence of the worship of the deity Kiri Amma, a god that is associated uniquely with dairy and dairy production; (c) the common belief that milk possesses a unique transformative and curative property; and (d) prevailing food conspiracies that maintain that external groups are seeking to harm the Sinhalese people by purposefully poisoning confectionary and dairy products. By considering these factors, we can better understand how inter-ethnic and inter-religious tensions can precipitate in Sri Lanka.

scholarly journals A SIX-DECADE REVIEW: RESEARCH ON CATTLE PRODUCTION, MANAGEMENT AND DAIRY PRODUCTS IN BANGLADESH

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Samad
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Cattle Management ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
The Status

Background: Historical changes in the demand of animal protein sources (milk & meat) for human consumption have been largely increased due to increased growth of human population, income and urbanization in Bangladesh. Research on cattle production and management especially cattle breeding, feeds and fodders, milk production and products have contributed to increase potential production and genetic gains of cattle. A comprehensive review on the published inland research reports on cattle production, management and dairy products are lacking in literature which is required for further research for the cattle development and production. Objectives: An attempt to review on the published inland research reports on the advances in science and technology on cattle production, management and dairy products in Bangladesh Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review of research articles on cattle production, management and dairy products published between 1962 and 2020 from Bangladesh has been reviewed. A total of 1185 research articles on cattle production, management and dairy products supported with some international related articles have been reviewed and analyzed. Results: Research data on cattle production, management and dairy products are compiled from 1185 different research reports supported with some international reports. This review covers the status of cattle breeds and varieties with tabulated summary of 21 reports on draught cattle, 83 on fodder production, 97 on nutrition, feeds and feeding, 88 on trials of different feed formulations in non-dairy cattle and 68 on dairy cattle, 5 on the effects of heat stress on health and production, 39 on fattening of cattle, 27 on genetics and breeding, 75 on semen and AI, 20 on factors associated with conception rate (CR), 8 on oocyte and embryo collection, 9 on genotypes of dairy cows, 7 on management of smallholder dairy farms, 48 on milk production status of dairy cattle, 32 on economics of rearing cattle, 99 on productive and reproductive performances of cattle, 7 on estrus and pregnancy diagnosis, 7 problems of dairy farmers, 23 on preservative and adulteration of milk, 20 on constituents and methods of sweet preparation, 11 on cheese preparation, 9 on ice-cream, 56 on yoghurt, 4 on beef cattle production, 34 on birth weight, and 15 on calf rearing including calf milk replacer and calf starter. Conclusions: Data based reports are important for priority setting and targeting with mandate for cattle development and increase production. Currently, one of the biggest gaps in the inland datasets on cattle research and this review addresses this gap by bringing together in a review and highlighting some of the major findings. Cross-breeding remains an attractive option for cattle improvement because of the quick results that can be obtained by its use and the potential benefits it has farmers. This review would serve as an archive of research reports on cattle production, management and dairy products for the concerned academicians, research scientists, organizations and government for future planning for education, research and extension on cattle production. Keywords: Systematic review, Six decades, Cattle, Management, Production, Dairy products, Bangladesh

scholarly journals Extent of Involvement of Women in Dairy Farming Activities in Oyo State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p162
Author(s):  
Adebisi Gbadebo Luqman ◽  
Popoola Moshood Abiola ◽  
Olaniyi Taiwo Anne ◽  
Aladegbaye Mercy Ifeoluwa ◽  
Aigbe Festus Odunayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Significant Factors

The study was conducted to evaluate extent of involvement of women in dairy production in Oyo state. Two stage sampling procedure was used for the study with 112 questionnaires administered through a scheduled interview to obtain information from the respondents. Data were collected on socio-economic characteristics, dairy production enterprise of the respondents and their extent of involvement in dairy production activities. Data collected were subjected to descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The result of the study showed that most of the respondents were older than 25 years; they were Muslims, married, had no formal education and had 5-7 members as household size. The study further revealed that women were more involved in marketing activities (93.2%) and processing activities (92.4%) while they had low involvement in daily management activities and health activities of dairy cattle. The overall involvement index of the respondents show that most (91.1%) of the respondents had high involvement in dairy production activities. Based on the result of the study, it was concluded that most of the respondents were highly involved in processing and marketing of dairy products; they were not involved in daily management and health activities of dairy cattle. It was further concluded that the overall involvement index of the respondents was high in dairy production enterprise. Income and secondary occupation were significant factors influencing extent of involvement in dairy production enterprise.

scholarly journals Method for comparing current versus recommended housing conditions in dairy cattle production

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Gaworski ◽  
Michał Boćkowski
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Cow Comfort

The objective of the study was to propose a method to assess how well some housing conditions in barns meet national standards and recommendations. The key element of the method was to investigate the index of technical standards fulfilment (ITSF), which shows differences between current housing conditions created by barn facilities and some standards. The lower differences are expressed by higher ITSF value, whereas the index values range from 0 to 1. Data collected in 38 dairy farms (with tie-stall and freestall housing systems) were used for the ITSF index analyses. The ITSF index values for the two compared housing systems were calculated for measurements carried out in four zones in each barn: lying, social, feeding and milking areas. There were higher average ITSF index values for the freestall system than for the tie-stall housing system across all investigated zones included in the barns. Investigations can support farmers to improve some conditions of dairy production in the barns including consciousness of some standards on dairy facilities and cow comfort.

scholarly journals Monitoring the state and prospects of development of the industrial market segment and the production sector of the national economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-335
Author(s):  
E. I. Krivenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The production sectors and markets of the dairy and grape-wine sectors are of great strategic importance not only for the sustainable and balanced functioning of the entire consumer segment, but also for ensuring the food and national security of our country at the proper level. At the beginning of the study, an analysis of the development of domestic dairy production in historical retrospect was carried out. Further, a multifactorial assessment of the main problems and risk situations inherent in modern dairy production was carried out. In particular, it was found that today one of the key constraining factors for the sustainable development of dairy cattle breeding in the Russian Federation is the lack of a clear organization and effective work in the field of reproductive and breeding farming. They also identified internal reasons that hinder the development of domestic dairy farming and identified strategic directions in the context of the organization of high-tech enterprises in the field of dairy cattle breeding. Further, the assessment of the milk and dairy products market itself was carried out (the dynamics of production and consumption, the balance of imports and exports, the level of self-sufficiency, prices, main producers, the structure of production by categories of farms). In addition, the issue related to the loss of milk in the areas of production and consumption was worked out. The key factors that will influence the development of the domestic industry market in the short term are identified. The assessment of the world market of milk and dairy products (production volumes, consumption, market leaders, strategic goals, tasks and development scenarios in the long term) was carried out. The monitoring of the grape and wine sector included the following estimated parameters (the volume of grape harvest, the area of vineyard planting, sales of wine products, the main problems and factors constraining sustainable development). In particular, special attention was paid to the problem of illegal use of imported wine material. In conclusion, a set of state initiative solutions was proposed in order to give a stable trend to the development of the domestic wine industry.

6.4 Intensive milk production from sugar cane-based feeds in the Commonwealth Caribbean

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 343-348
Author(s):  
K. A. E. Archibald ◽  
P. O. Osuji ◽  
F. A. Neckles
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Commonwealth Caribbean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The Commonwealth Caribbean countries imported approximately 55 million metric tonnes of milk and dairy products in 1973 and based on this level of imports a target of 194 million metric tonnes of milk and dairy products has been set to take into account the projected demand to 1980. In order to achieve this target, it is estimated by the Caricom Regional Livestock Complex that 91 000 more dairy cows will be required and also about 63 000 ha more pastures will be needed. The Region may not be able to sustain such a high cattle population on the existing and additional pasture lands and consequently there is a great need to intensify dairy cattle production. Intensive milk production normally involves the use of well managed, heavily fertilized pastures, together with liberal use of concentrate feeds, in order to achieve and maintain a high level of output.

The Social Origins and Provenance of the English Bishops during the Reign of Edward II

1959 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 51-79
Author(s):  
K. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Early Career ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Origins ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Edward Ii ◽  
The Social ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
History Of

During the last twenty or twenty-five years medieval historians have been much interested in the composition of the English episcopate. A number of studies of it have been published on periods ranging from the eleventh to the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. A further paper might well seem superfluous. My reason for offering one is that most previous writers have concentrated on analysing the professional circles from which the bishops were drawn, and suggesting the influences which their early careers as royal clerks, university masters and students, secular or regular clergy, may have had on their later work as bishops. They have shown comparatively little interest in their social background and provenance, except for those bishops who belonged to magnate families. Some years ago, when working on the political activities of Edward II's bishops, it seemed to me that social origins, family connexions and provenance might in a number of cases have had at least as much influence on a bishop's attitude to politics as his early career. I there fore collected information about the origins and provenance of these bishops. I now think that a rather more careful and complete study of this subject might throw further light not only on the political history of the reign, but on other problems connected with the character and work of the English episcopate. There is a general impression that in England in the later middle ages the bishops' ties with their dioceses were becoming less close, and that they were normally spending less time in diocesan work than their predecessors in the thirteenth century.

Similarities and differences in the social background of female medical, nursing and health visitor students

2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (24) ◽  
pp. 1137-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Judit Feith ◽  
Zsuzsanna Soósné Kiss ◽  
Ágnes Kovácsné Tóth ◽  
Péter Balázs
Keyword(s):  
Social Background ◽  
Health Visitor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Ismereteink szerint ez idáig nem történt olyan átfogó vizsgálat Magyarországon, amely egészségügyi felsőoktatásban tanuló hallgatók szociokulturális hátterét vizsgálta volna. Célkitűzés: Keresztmetszeti kutatásunk fő célkitűzése az volt, hogy megismerjük és elemezzük a leendő orvosnők, diplomás ápolónők és védőnők társadalmi hátterében megmutatkozó különbségeket. Módszer: Jelen kutatásunk orvostanhallgató-nők, valamint egészségügyi főiskolai karon tanuló hallgatónők között készült, a Semmelweis Egyetemen. Összesen 295 hallgatónőt vontunk be a kutatásba, értékelhető választ adott 68,08% ( n = 201). Az eredményeket az SPSS programcsomag segítségével elemeztük, leíró statisztikai megközelítésben. Eredmények: A felmérésben részt vevő hallgatónők számos szociodemográfiai jellemzőjében meghatározó különbséget tapasztaltunk. Az orvostanhallgató-nők nagyobb hányada diplomás szülők gyermeke, ugyanakkor a főiskolai szintű képzésben részt vevő hallgatónők esetében ennek jóval kisebb az esélye. Nem találtunk ugyan statisztikailag alátámasztható különbséget a három hallgatói csoport családi állapotában, de megállapítható, hogy kevesebb diplomásápoló-hallgatónő volt férjezett, illetve élt élettársi kapcsolatban. Következtetések: A főiskolai hallgatónők, valamint az orvostanhallgatók szociokulturális hátterében megmutatkozó különbségek, az ebből következő társadalmi hátrányok nagyobb mértékben sújtják az ápoló- és védőnőhallgatókat, mint az orvostanhallgató-nőket.

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