scholarly journals The determinants of public expenditure and expenditure on education in particular in a selection of African countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayo Akanbi ◽  
Niek Schoeman
Keyword(s):  
Public Choice ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Fiscal Adjustment ◽  
Selection Of

This study reports on research aimed at measuring the drivers behind public expenditure with specific reference to education expenditure in Africa. The empirical estimations are carried out using a public choice model on a panel of 15 selected African countries over the period 1995-2004. The results show that government expenditure on education is resilient to shocks and the education sector is not seriously affected by allocative changes that favour corruption. Expenditure on education in the countries included in the study generally complies with the guidelines set by the IMF in terms of their fiscal adjustment programs.

scholarly journals Model of public choice and political rent

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bezat-Jarzebowska ◽  
WÅ‚odzimierz Rembisz ◽  
Agata Sielska
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Public Choice ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Benefits And Costs ◽  
Selection Of

It can be assumed that the scope of agricultural policy and connected with its financial streams are not accidental. Selection of a particular, policy defines a mechanism in which the benefits and costs are combined. Such an effort of describing and ex plaining the mechanism was presented in the paper. We use the concept of a public choice model. Issues of including political (or admin istrative) interest in defining and shaping the policy are incorporated into the models of public choice. The authors assumed the rationality of decision makers and their goal to maximize their own utility. The analysis presented in the paper is some reference to one of the trends of political economy, according to which the emphasis is on the voters’ behaviour.   Keywords: Public choice, political rent, agricultural policy, political economic  analysis

scholarly journals Public Expenditure and Economic Growth: A Test of Wagner’s and Keynes Hypotheses in Nigeria and Angola Economies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Saliu Mojeed Olanrewaju ◽  
Akeju Kemi Funlayo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
Investment Expenditure ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Johansen Cointegration ◽  
Wagner’S Theory

This study verifies the validation of Wagner’s theory and Keynes's hypothesis between three main government expenditure components (Health expenditure, education expenditure, and capital investment expenditure) and economic growth in Nigeria and Angola. The study employs Johansen cointegration and pairwise granger causality as the estimation techniques. Findings revealed no evidence of long-run relationships with government expenditure components of health, education, and capital investment and economic growth. The study equally reveals the validation of Wagner’s theory between growth and expenditure on health in both Nigeria and Angola. Evidence that confirms both Wagner’s theory and Keynes's hypothesis between growth and expenditure on education in Angola and validation of only Keynes hypothesis in Nigeria was found. Also, the study confirms the validation of Keynes's hypothesis between government expenditure on capital investment in both Nigeria and Angola

scholarly journals The Domestic Investment, Local Government Revenue and Government Expenditure in the Education Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Endang Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Ady Soejoto ◽  
Norida Canda Sakti
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Government Revenue ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Data Regression

This research aimed to analyze the effect of domestic investment and local government revenue toward government expenditure in the education sector. This research uses secondary data obtained from Central Bureau of Statistics in Indonesia and Local Educational Balance-Departement of Education and Culture. The analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis with cross section 34 provinces and time series for 2014-2017. The results showed that partially, domestic investment and local government revenue had a significant affect on government expenditure in the education sector. Meanwhile simultaneously, it shows that domestic investment and local government revenue had a significant affect on government expenditure in the education sector. These findings indicate that the level of education expenditure can be influenced by both domestic investment and local government revenue.  

Secondary Education Funding and Quality:Econometric Approach

2013 ◽  
pp. 112-129
Author(s):  
E. Savitskaya ◽  
D. Chertykovtseva
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Education Expenditure

The paper estimates the relationship between public expenditure on secondary education and its quality. The investigation is based on regression analysis of cross-nationally comparable funding data and student performance metrics — PISA and TIMSS. The authors conclude that the growth of teachers’ salaries measured in absolute terms and public education expenditure per student have positive influence on educational achievement, though it is rather small. However, regression analysis has not revealed dependence of students’ performance on other financial indicators — public expenditure on secondary education as a percentage of GDP, public expenditure on secondary education as a percentage of total government expenditure and teachers’ salaries measured relative to average wages in the country.

scholarly journals Impact of Disaggregated Public Expenditure on Unemployment Rate of Selected African Countries: A Panel Dynamic Analysis Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Aphu Elvis Selase
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

The study demonstrated the impact of disaggregated public expenditure on unemployment rate in selected African countries with panel data spanning from 2000 to 2017. The data were majorly sourced from the World Bank Indicator. The study employed Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) techniques for empirical analysis. The findings of two-step system GMM showed that expenditure on infrastructure and education reduce unemployment rate, while expenditure on defense and health increase unemployment rate in the region. The short-run elasticity estimate showed that infrastructure and education expenditures reduce unemployment rate by 9% and 1.83%. A unit rise in defense and health expenditure increase unemployment rate by 5.2% and 84.5%. The long-run elasticity of infrastructure and education expenditure reduce unemployment rate by 3.8% and 7.89 %, while the long-run defense and health expenditure elasticity’s increase unemployment rate by 22.22% and 364.58% in the selected African countries. The policy implication is that, the positive relationship between expenditure on health and unemployment could be attributed to mismanagement of government funds due to corruption, while that of defense and unemployment could be high rate of insecurity and crimes in the region. Therefore, the study recommended among others a drastic measure to further improve the education sector through adequate investment in education that will help in skills, development and training. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3377972

National Human Rights Institutions and Sustainable Development with Specific Reference to Selected African Examples

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mubangizi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
National Human ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
National Human Rights Institutions

That National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) play an important role in the protection and promotion of human rights is a well-known fact. This has been widely acknowledged by the United Nations (UN). Also well-known is the fact that several African countries have enacted new constitutions during the last two to three decades. One of the most salient features of those new constitutions is that they establish NHRIs, among other things. Given their unique role and mandate, these NHRIs can and do play an important role in the realisation of the sustainable development goals contained in the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Adopting a case study approach, this article explores the role NHRIs have played in the promotion and protection of human rights in selected African countries and implications for sustainable development in those countries. The main argument is that there are several lessons African countries can learn from each other on how their NHRIs can more meaningfully play that role. Accordingly, best practice and comparative lessons are identified and it is recommended that NHRIs can contribute to sustainable development more meaningfully if they can make themselves more relevant, credible, legitimate, efficient and effective.

Children of the Celtic Tiger during the Economic Crisis: Ireland

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Maître
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Celtic Tiger ◽  
Fiscal Adjustment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Tax And Transfer System ◽  
Household Incomes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scarring Effects

Ireland’s exceptionally deep economic and fiscal crisis had an immediate and profound impact on employment and household incomes. The percentage of children below a 2008 relative income threshold increased in line with prices, rose from 18 per cent to 28 per cent, and by 2012 32 per cent of children were in households reporting severe material deprivation. The impact of the recession was significantly buffered by the social security system providing an income floor for those who lost their jobs, despite cuts in some social transfers, and the redistributive impact of the tax and transfer system increased markedly. Overall the Irish welfare state proved reasonably robust in responding to the crisis, bringing about rapid fiscal adjustment, although public expenditure cuts on key services, high levels of debt, failure to generate adequate affordable housing, and the scarring effects of unemployment mean it will have a lasting impact on families.

Precursors to Public Choice

2019 ◽  
pp. 796-816
Author(s):  
Iain McLean
Keyword(s):  
Public Choice ◽  
Social Choice ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Social Choice Theory ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mathematical Skill ◽  
The Many ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter reviews the many appearances, disappearances, and reappearances of axiomatic thought about social choice and elections since the era of ancient Greek democracy. Social choice is linked to the wider public-choice movement because both are theories of agency. Thus, just as the first public-choice theorists include Hobbes, Hume, and Madison, so the first social-choice theorists include Pliny, Llull, and Cusanus. The social-choice theory of agency appears in many strands. The most important of these are binary vs. nonbinary choice; aggregation of judgement vs. aggregation of opinion; and selection of one person vs. selection of many people. The development of social choice required both a public-choice mindset and mathematical skill.

scholarly journals Educational Level and Tax Compliance: Empirical Evidence From Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Stanley Ogoun ◽  
Godspower Anthony Ekpulu
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
National Priority ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
The Government

The study interrogates the relationship between educational level and tax compliance in Nigeria. The study employs the ex post facto research design to ascertain how government investment in education enhances tax compliance. The study covers 17 years (2002-2018) for both tax revenue (a surrogate for tax compliance) and education expenditure (a surrogate for educational level). From the empirical results, the study concludes that there is a positive nexus between government expenditure on education and tax revenue. The study, therefore, recommends that as a matter of necessity, the government should invest more in the overall educational demand of her citizens not only from tax revenues but from other oil and non-oil sources. The governments, from the federal and state levels, should act as a matter national priority endeavour to meet up with the international budgetary benchmark allocation for education, as recommended by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in its Education for All (EFA) document 2000-2015. This will give Nigerians more access to quality education that would result in moving up the global ranking in HDI with its resultant benefits.

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