scholarly journals Disability profile of grant recipients in a semi-rural area in South Africa

2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
A. Frieg ◽  
J. A. Hendry
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Prevention Programmes ◽  
Disability Grant ◽  
The Mean

A descriptive study was undertaken to establish, amongst others, the demographic details and the disability profile of a group of persons with disabilities who collected their disability grant at the Kleinmond Post Office in June 1999. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire during face-to-face interviews with the grantees and/or their proxies. A questionnaire developed for this purpose included a disability catalogue based on the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH). The repeatability of the questionnaire was 96%.The mean age of the mainly male grantees was 42 years (range: 18-64).Nearly a third of the subjects had been disabled since birth, reinforcing the importance of disability prevention programmes as outlined in several policy documents. Most persons with disabilities had problems with activities in the situational disability category (82% or 24/29), while only a few reported personal care disabilities (34% or 10/29).The majority of the grantees (86% or 25/29) reported disabilities in more than one category. This may be an indication that only persons with multiple disabilities qualify for permanent disability grants in South Africa.

The Epidemiology of Migraine Headache in General Population of Tehran, Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam Rabiee ◽  
Atefeh Zeinoddini ◽  
Ramin Kordi ◽  
Masud Yunesian ◽  
Payam Mohammadinejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Population Study ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male Subjects

Background: Migraine as one of the most common types of headache is known to cause serious intervention with routine activities of affected individuals due to the devastating nature of attacks. The aim of this study was to provide epidemiological data of migraine in Iranian general population. Methods: In this cross-sectional general population study, migraine diagnoses (both episodic and chronic) were based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Face-to-face interviews were performed by 5 trained medical interns on a sample size of 2,300 people aged 12-65 years. Results: A total number of 2,076 subjects were enrolled for final analysis. The mean age of the subjects at the time of the study was 36.27 ± 14.56 years (age range 12-65 years). The 1-year prevalence of migraine was 27.6%. The prevalence of migraine among female subjects was significantly higher than among male subjects (36.7 vs. 21.6%, p < 0.001). The mean age of the subjects with migraine was 35.9 ± 12.96 years. Totally, 49.9% of migraine sufferers experienced at least one episode of aura. The most prevalent type of aura was numbness reported in 32.4% of migraine subjects. Conclusions: Despite the higher prevalence of migraine among Iranian general population compared to most of the other populations investigated by previous studies, these individuals experience a less severe course of disease.

scholarly journals Transitioning to Sustainable Administrative Gatekeeping in Access to Social Grants for South African Adult Persons with Disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3597
Author(s):  
Mangalane du Toit ◽  
Liezel Lues
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Medical History ◽  
South African ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Social Grants

This article explores the efficiency in the administration of social grants for adult persons with disabilities (PWDs) in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. The focus, in particular, is on explaining why, despite a gatekeeping element, adult PWDs presenting with the same medical condition, with mild or no verifiable impairment, keep returning and are allowed through the system, only to be rejected again, citing the same reasons as before. Administrative gatekeeping, as illustrated in the 2011 Social Grants Disability Management Model, does not extend beyond (i) verifying the correctness of supporting documents and (ii) checking documented proof of medical history to ascertain that applicants of social grants for adult PWDs are not booked for medical assessments within three months of their last assessment. This points to a weakness in the system, as the screening officials cannot turn away applicants of social grants for adult PWDs for any other reason once the documents are verified as correct. Here, we report the findings from responses to structured telephone interviews and structured face-to-face interviews with applicants of social grants for adult PWDs who are residents of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. We conclude that socio-economic circumstances, rather than impairment, are the main drivers for adult PWDs to keep on applying for social grants for adult PWDs and we offer some strategies for addressing this predicament to contribute to a sustainable and an efficient, effective, and economical administration process.

Response Rates in Online Surveys With Affective Disorder Participants

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Burgard ◽  
Michael Bošnjak ◽  
Nadine Wedderhoff
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Survey Participation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
E Mail

Abstract. A meta-analysis was performed to determine whether response rates to online psychology surveys have decreased over time and the effect of specific design characteristics (contact mode, burden of participation, and incentives) on response rates. The meta-analysis is restricted to samples of adults with depression or general anxiety disorder. Time and study design effects are tested using mixed-effects meta-regressions as implemented in the metafor package in R. The mean response rate of the 20 studies fulfilling our meta-analytic inclusion criteria is approximately 43%. Response rates are lower in more recently conducted surveys and in surveys employing longer questionnaires. Furthermore, we found that personal invitations, for example, via telephone or face-to-face contacts, yielded higher response rates compared to e-mail invitations. As predicted by sensitivity reinforcement theory, no effect of incentives on survey participation in this specific group (scoring high on neuroticism) could be observed.

USE OF BLENDED LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION – SOME EXPERIENCES

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Singh
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Face To Face Learning ◽  
Made In

This article reports on the use of blended learning in higher education. Blended learning has become popular in higher education in recent years. It is a move beyond traditional lecturing to incorporate face-to-face learning with e-learning, thereby creating a blend of learning experiences. The problem is that learning in higher education is complex and learning situations differ across contexts. Whilst there is face-to-face contact at some institutions, others offer distance learning or correspondence learning. In each context, the mode of learning may differ. The challenge is to cater for various learning opportunities through a series of learning interactions and to incorporate a blended approach. The aim of this study was to examine various ways of defining blended learning in different contexts. This was done through an examination of experiences of the use of blended learning in different higher education contexts. The study presents a case of blended learning in a postgraduate course. The experiences from all these cases are summarised and conclusions and recommendations are made in the context of blended learning in higher education in South Africa.

CLINICAL AND PARA-CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SICK NEWBORN BABIES TREATED AT PEDIATRIC DEPARTMENT OF HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

2011 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Thi Kieu Nhi Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Congenital Malformation ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Pediatric Department ◽  
Sick Newborn ◽  
Observational Descriptive Study

Objectives: 1. Describe neonatal classification of WHO. 2. Identify some principal clinical and paraclinical signs of term, preterm, post term babies. Patients and method: an observational descriptive study of 233 newborns hospitalized in neonatal unit at Hue university‘ s hospital was done during 12 months from 01/01/2009 to 31/12/2009 for describing neonatal classification and identifying principal clinical and paraclinical signs. Results: Premature (16.74%); Term babies (45.5%); Post term (37.76%); Premature: asphyxia (43.59%), hypothermia (25.64%), vomit (30.77%), jaundice (61.54%), congenital malformation (17.95%); CRP > 10mg/l (53.85%); anemia Hb < 15g/dl (12.82%). Term babies: poor feeding (21.7%); fever (24.53%); CRP > 10mg/l (53.77%); Hyperleucocytes/ Leucopenia (35.85%). Post term: respiratory distress (34%); lethargy (29.55%); vomit (26.14%); polycuthemia (1.14%); hypoglycemia (22.73%). Conclusion: each of neonatal type classified by WHO presente different clinical and paraclinical. Signs. The purpose of this research is to help to treat neonatal pathology more effectively.

Laparotomy for Abdominal Stab Wound With Combined Omental and Organ Evisceration: 10-Year Experience From a Major Trauma Centre in South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482110318
Author(s):  
Victor Kong ◽  
Cynthia Cheung ◽  
Nigel Rajaretnam ◽  
Rohit Sarvepalli ◽  
William Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Large Bowel ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Stab Wound ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Trauma Centre ◽  
Major Trauma Centre ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Overall Mortality

Introduction Combined omental and organ evisceration following anterior abdominal stab wound (SW) is uncommon and there is a paucity of literature describing the management and spectrum of injuries encountered at laparotomy. Methods A retrospective study was undertaken on all patients who presented with anterior abdominal SW involving combined omental and organ evisceration who underwent laparotomy over a 10-year period from January 2008 to January 2018 at a major trauma centre in South Africa. Results A total of 61 patients were eligible for inclusion and all underwent laparotomy: 87% male, mean age: 29 years. Ninety-two percent (56/61) had a positive laparotomy whilst 8% (5/61) underwent a negative procedure. Of the 56 positive laparotomies, 91% (51/56) were considered therapeutic and 9% (5/56) were non-therapeutic. In addition to omental evisceration, 59% (36/61) had eviscerated small bowel, 28% (17/61) had eviscerated colon and 13% (8/61) had eviscerated stomach. A total of 92 organ injuries were identified. The most commonly injured organs were small bowel, large bowel and stomach. The overall complication rate was 11%. Twelve percent (7/61) required intensive care unit admission. The mean length of hospital stay was 9 days. The overall mortality rate for all 61 patients was 2%. Conclusions The presence of combined omental and organ evisceration following abdominal SW mandates laparotomy. The small bowel, large bowel and stomach were the most commonly injured organs in this setting.

Fatigue-management strategies among women with endometriosis in South Africa: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 008124632110201
Author(s):  
Zamafiso Nombulelo Sibande ◽  
Rizwana Roomaney
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Psychosocial Intervention ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Secondary Symptom ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Fatigue Management ◽  
Insight Into

Fatigue is a common, secondary symptom of endometriosis that has not been qualitatively explored. We conducted individual, face-to-face interviews with 25 women in South Africa about their experiences of endometriosis-related fatigue. Participants were recruited at a public hospital in Cape Town and through several South African endometriosis organizations. Interviews were conducted in English and Afrikaans and ranged from 30 min to 1 hr 16 min in duration. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. We found that both the experience of fatigue and fatigue-management strategies were highly personalized. Participants reported using a variety of cognitive strategies, such as planning, pacing, and pushing through their fatigue to reduce the levels of fatigue. Participants also employed physical strategies such as rest, dietary changes, using supplements, and exercise. We found that while participants often tried fatigue-management strategies suggested to them by others, they struggled to maintain these strategies even when they were successful. There are currently no interventions aimed at reducing endometriosis-related fatigue. The findings of this study provide insight into the management of fatigue in women with endometriosis and may be used to develop a psychosocial intervention for fatigue among women with the disease.

The effect of face-to-face and virtual prenatal care training of spouses on the pregnancy experience and fear of childbirth of primiparous women: A controlled quasi-experimental study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2110241
Author(s):  
Zari Doaltabadi ◽  
Leila Amiri-Farahani ◽  
Seyedeh Batool Hasanpoor-Azghady ◽  
Shima Haghani
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Fear Of Childbirth ◽  
Virtual Training ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Care Training ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Primiparous Women

Introduction The spouse has a special role in promoting the health of mothers and infants during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. Women's health during pregnancy requires the participation and cooperation of their spouses. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of face-to-face and virtual prenatal care training of spouses on the pregnancy experience and fear of childbirth of primiparous women. Methods This is a quasi-experimental clinical trial that was conducted on primiparous pregnant women referring to three prenatal clinics in Tehran, Iran. Sampling was done by available method and pregnant women were divided into three groups of face-to-face training ( n = 35), virtual training ( n = 35), and control ( n = 33). The content of training program in the virtual and face-to-face groups was similar and included; nutrition during pregnancy, emotional support, fetal growth and development, advantages and disadvantages of vaginal delivery, planning for delivery, infant care, and danger signs for infants, which were presented in four sessions. The samples in the control group did not receive any training. In the 18th and 20th weeks of pregnancy, the demographic information form, pregnancy experience scale, and version A of the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaires were completed, and once again in the 37th and 38th weeks of pregnancy, the pregnancy experience scale and version A of the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaires were completed. Results There was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of pregnancy experience after the intervention between the face-to-face training and control groups ( p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of uplifts between the two groups of face-to-face training and control ( p = 0.01), and also between virtual training and control groups ( p = 0.02). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups of face-to-face training and control in terms of and hassles score after the intervention ( p = 0.04). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups of face-to-face training and control ( p = 0.02) and also between virtual training and control ( p = 0.04) in terms of the mean score of fear of childbirth after the intervention. Conclusion The results of this study showed that teaching prenatal care to spouses of primiparous women by face-to-face and virtual methods can be a useful intervention in improving the pregnancy experience and reducing the fear of childbirth among primiparous women.

scholarly journals Teaching Mathematics during the COVID-19 Lockdown in a Context of Historical Disadvantage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Brantina Chirinda ◽  
Mdutshekelwa Ndlovu ◽  
Erica Spangenberg
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Education System ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Education Community ◽  
South African Education

The COVID-19 global pandemic widely affected education across the world and engendered unprecedented scenarios that required expeditious responses. In South Africa, the pandemic came on top of pre-existing inequalities in the education system. Using a qualitative research method of exploratory and descriptive nature, this study engaged a social justice framework to explore the teaching and learning of mathematics during the COVID-19 lockdown in a context of historical disadvantage. A sample of twenty-three Grade 12 mathematics teachers at various public secondary schools in Gauteng, South Africa was used in the study. The teachers were selected through purposive sampling. A Google-generated open-ended questionnaire and follow-up telephonic interviews were used to collect data. Data were analysed thematically in five steps. The findings revealed that the WhatsApp platform is a valuable tool that can support the teaching and learning of mathematics beyond the classroom in the contexts of historical disadvantage. The findings also provided insights into how mathematics teachers became learners themselves during emergency remote teaching (ERT) as they had to adapt to digital teaching, find solutions to unfamiliar problems and acquire knowledge from a larger mathematics education community around the globe. The article discusses these findings and teachers’ challenges of transitioning from traditional face-to-face classrooms to ERT and how they were addressed. At the time of publishing the article, most learners in South Africa had started going to school on a rotational basis. Nonetheless, the study reported in this article is of importance as ERT in the context of historical disadvantage has foregrounded issues of inequality in the South African education system that must be dealt with urgently.

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