scholarly journals Cerebral tuberculoma as a manifestation of paradoxical reaction in patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirban Das ◽  
Sibes Kumar Das ◽  
Abhijit Mandal ◽  
Arup Kumar Halder
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Miliary Tuberculosis ◽  
Paradoxical Reaction ◽  
Tuberculosis Case ◽  
Antituberculous Treatment ◽  
Antituberculous Chemotherapy ◽  
Cerebral Tuberculoma

ABSTRACTExpansion of cerebral tuberculomas or their new appearance as a manifestation of paradoxical reaction in patients under antituberculous chemotherapy is well documented. Distinguishing paradoxical reaction from disease progression or treatment failure is an important issue in tuberculosis management. Five cases of cerebral tuberculomas are reported here as manifestations of paradoxical reaction in patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis on antituberculous treatment. Case 1 and 2 had tuberculous meningitis, Case 3 had miliary tuberculosis, Case 4 had miliary tuberculosis and destructive vertebral lesions, and Case 5 had pulmonary tuberculosis. Continuation of antituberculous drugs and addition of steroids led to full recovery of all patients.

Surgical Management of Chest Wall Tuberculosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Gözübüyük ◽  
Berkant Özpolat ◽  
Sedat Gürkök ◽  
Hasan Çaylak ◽  
Orhan Yücel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall ◽  
The World ◽  
Lateral Chest ◽  
Antituberculous Chemotherapy ◽  
Parallel Fashion

Objective: Tuberculosis remains one of the most fatal diseases in the world. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis increases in parallel fashion with the rise of incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis of the chest wall is rare. Methods: Our study retrospectively evaluated 10 patients with tuberculosis of the chest wall who were treated with surgery in addition to antituberculous chemotherapy in the last 8 years. Seven of the lesions were located on the anterior chest wall, and three of the lesions were on the lateral chest wall. Results: Surgical therapy consisted of evacuation of the cold abscess material from the cavities and wide débridement of the soft tissue planes in all patients. Partial rib resections were performed in six patients owing to costal or chondral involvement. Conclusions: Chest wall tuberculosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of chest wall lesions, especially in endemic areas.

scholarly journals Secondary organizing pneumonia associated with pulmonary tuberculosis: case series and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Jin Kim ◽  
Kyung Chan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Miliary Tuberculosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Acid Fast Bacillus ◽  
Organizing Pneumonia ◽  
Tuberculosis Case ◽  
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tuberculosis Therapy

Abstract Background: Secondary organizing pneumonia (SOP) is difficult to distinguish from cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) considering various clinical situations. SOP caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is rare; indeed, it has not been reported as a sequela of disseminated tuberculosis.Methods: From January 2016 to December 2018, we identified six cases of tuberculosis-associated SOP in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis was revealed by microbiological examination; one of the cases was miliary tuberculosis.Results: Of the six cases, 17% were positive for acid fast bacillus (AFB) stain, but 100% were positive for M. tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction (MTB PCR) and AFB culture. In all cases, transbronchial lung biopsy was performed and organizing pneumonia was confirmed pathologically. All survived after treatment with anti-tuberculosis therapy.Conclusions: Even if a biopsy performed in cases with pneumonia showing slow improvement appears to suggest organizing pneumonia, the possibility of tuberculosis should always be kept in mind in areas with high tuberculosis prevalence. MTB PCR appears to be more helpful than AFB stain for the first diagnosis of SOP associated with pulmonary tuberculosis.

scholarly journals A survey of tuberculosis in the industrial county of Lanarkshire, Scotland

1947 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-238
Author(s):  
T. Gow Brown
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Tubercle Bacillus ◽  
Relative Incidence ◽  
Cervical Adenitis ◽  
History Of

In this investigation the hitherto unexplored field of tuberculous Lanarkshire has been surveyed.The relative incidence of human and bovine strains of the tubercle bacillus in 80 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and in 311 cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis has been examined. Results have shown that bovine infections were present in 2·5% of the pulmonary cases, a figure that is in keeping with the expected incidence for an area as highly industrialized as Lanarkshire.The extrapulmonary strains have been further subdivided into 165 strains isolated from patients suffering from tuberculous meningitis, 72 strains isolated from patients with cervical adenitis and 74 strains from patients with tuberculous lesions affecting bone or joint. Each group has been analysed separately.In the 165 cases of tuberculous meningitis bovine infections accounted for 28·5 % of the total. This figure was slightly higher than the 22% given by Blacklock & Griffen (1935) for the Glasgow area and the 24% of Macgregor & Green (1937) for the Edinburgh area, but it was lower than the 36% found by Munro & Scott (1936) in the east of Scotland and the 40·5% given for Scotland by Griffith (1934) in his general survey. The greater preponderance of bovine infections in rural areas supported the observations of these workers.The cervical adenitis group gave the percentage of bovine infections as 30·4, a result much lower than any previously published for Scotland, but there can be no doubt that a family history of pulmonary tuberculosis obtained from 50 % of the patients in the industrial group who supplied human strains must have been a most important factor in influencing the relative incidence of the two types of tubercle bacillus. There were 72 cases of cervical adenitis investigated and 52 came from the industrial area.Seventy-four patients suffering from tuberculous lesions affecting bone or joint gave a bovine incidence of 18·9%, a percentage that is lower than that given by Munro & Cumming (1926) of 36·4% but approximating to the 20·5% given by Wang (1917) for the Edinburgh area. Munro & Cumming were dealing with a less industrialized area than Lanarkshire which probably accounts for the variation as also does the fact that, of 7 human cases occurring in the rural part of Lanarkshire, 5 gave a family history of pulmonary tuberculosis.These figures only serve to substantiate observations of regional variation and endorse the findings of other workers who have found a lower proportion of bovine infections in industrial districts. As Lanarkshire is the most highly industrialized county in Scotland it was to be expected that the results of this investigation might have given an even greater predominance of human infection than actually was found.

Laryngeal tuberculosis in the eighties—an Indian experience

1989 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 864-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Rupa ◽  
T.S. Bhanu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Miliary Tuberculosis ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Laryngeal Oedema ◽  
Indian Experience ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Laryngeal Tuberculosis

AbstractLaryngeal tuberculosis is one of the rarer forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. A retrospective analysis of 26 patients seen in the last nine years in our hospital was conducted to illustrate the various modes of clinical presentation. Of the 26 patients, twenty were male and six female. The average age of presentation was 47 years with an age range of 15 months to 71 years. Hoarseness (92.3 per cent) was the commonest symptom. The laryngoscopic appearances often simulated malignancy. Most patients (69.2 per cent) outnumbered ulcerative ones (38.5 per cent). Laryngeal oedema was infrequent (7.7 per cent). Diagnosis was based on a laryngeal biopsy in 18 patients and on evidence of associated pulmonary tuberculosis and response to anti-tuberculous therapy in eight. Chest X-rays showed apical cavitation and infiltration as the commonest findings. Three patients had miliary tuberculosis and one had no pulmonary lesion. Diabetes mellitus was present in seven (26.9 per cent) patients. Four illustrative cases are described. The problems in diagnosis and management of laryngeal tuberculosis are discussed.

scholarly journals Diagnosa Penyakit Pulmonary Tuberculosis Dan Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Menggunakan Algoritma Certainty Factor (CF)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Hartatik Hartatik
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Miliary Tuberculosis ◽  
Certainty Factor ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Urogenital Tuberculosis

<p><em>Penyakit Tuberculosis tidak hanya menyerang bagian pernapasan paru-paru (disebut Pulmonary Tuberculosis) saja seperti anggapan kebanyakan orang, namun juga dapat menyerang organ tubuh lain seperti otak (Miningitis Tuberculosis), kalenjar getah bening (Lymphedenopathy Tuberculosis), paru-paru bagian luar (Pleyrisy Tuberculosis), kulit (Miliary Tuberculosis), tulang (Spin of Tuberculosis), dan saluran urogenital (Urogenital Tuberculosis).Algoritma yang digunakan dalam melakukan diagnosa adalah Algoritma Certainty Factor. Penyakit yang akan didiagnosa berjumlah 6 yaitu Pulmonary TB, TB Miningitis, TB Lymphadenopathy, TB Pleurisy, TB of The Spine, dan Urogenital TB. Sedangkan jumlah gejala yang akan ditanyakan ke user sebanyak 31. Jumlah aturan yang tersimpan dalam knowledge base nya sejumlah 52 aturan. Hasil dari aplikasi yang dibuat didapatkan suatu kesimpulan yang sama dengan perhitungan manual menggunakan rumus certainty factor.</em></p>

scholarly journals Anti-Tubercular Treatment of Tuberculous Meningitis Cause Paradoxical Multiple Neurotuberculoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-238
Author(s):  
MK Kumar ◽  
P Kumar ◽  
A Singh
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Antituberculous Treatment ◽  
Related Mortality

Tuberculosis is the most common cause of infectious disease related mortality worldwide. Paradoxical reactions to antituberculous treatment have created difficulties in the management of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, particularly central nervous system tuberculosis. We report a three years baby with tuberculous meningitis, who was treated outside with anti-tuberculous drugs without steroid one month back and presented in our emergency as status epilepticus. This case emphasizes the importance of addition of steroid along with anti-tubercular drugs in the treatment of central nervous system tuberculosis. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(3):236-238 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i3.10752

THERAPY OF TUBERCULOSIS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-229
Author(s):  
ROBERT H. HIGH
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Miliary Tuberculosis ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
In Infants And Children

Streptomycin, or dihydrostreptomycin, along with other agents, such as promizole® or PAS, is of value in the treatment of serious forms of tuberculosis in infants and children. Progressive pulmonary tuberculosis and miliary tuberculosis seem to respond most satisfactorily. Tuberculous meningitis has a serious prognosis but some patients apparently have this infection arrested. The use of streptomycin for patients with forms of tuberculosis which have a good prognosis without treatment is not recommended. The potential toxicity of the drug and the possible emergence of streptomycin-resistant tubercle bacilli are the major reasons for this recommendation.

Sociodemographic, Clinical Profile and Outcome of Tuberculosis in Baramulla District of North Kashmir of India

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Abdul Ahad Wani ◽  
Javeed Iqbal Bhat ◽  
Muzafar Naik ◽  
Nisar Ahmed Dar ◽  
Syed Masood Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Directly Observed Treatment ◽  
Night Sweats ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: India accounts for one-fourth of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden. Since the countrywide implementation of RNTCP, tuberculosis care has received renewed focus. Directly observed treatment short-term (DOTS) is a cornerstone of RNTCP program. Objective: To evaluate demographic profile, clinical presentation and outcome of TB in district Baramulla of North Kashmir. Methods:  A prospective study over a period of seven years in patients diagnosed with TB in district Baramulla of North Kashmir. Results: This study was conducted prospectively over seven years from March 2011 to February 2017. A total of 802 patients were enrolled in the study. Among them, there were a total of 638 adult patients and 164 paediatric patients with a male: female ratio of 1:0.99. Majority of patients belonged to rural areas of north Kashmir and had received no or elementary education. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 530 (66 %) patients and 272 (34%) patients were diagnosed as extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Sputum for AFB was important mode of diagnosis in our series and was positive in 525 (65%) our patients. Majority of patients presented with fever, weight loss, and night sweats. None of the patients had Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). There was a consistent improvement in AFB isolation among TB patients over the study period. Majority of our patients were cured completely of disease Conclusion: Sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis remains the most common presentation of tuberculosis in North Kashmir. There is a steady increase in the proportion of bacteriologically confirmed TB cases over the study period. Furthermore, DOTS treatment is successful in all forms of tuberculosis. JMS 2018;21(1):11-16

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in Otorhinolaryngology: Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Challenges

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv C. Michael ◽  
Joy S. Michael
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Common Type ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Cervical Adenitis ◽  
Important Form

Tuberculosis affects all tissues of the body, although some more commonly than the others. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common type of tuberculosis accounting for approximately 80% of the tuberculosis cases. Tuberculosis of the otorhinolaryngeal region is one of the rarer forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis but still poses a significant clinical and diagnostic challenge. Over three years, only five out of 121 patients suspected to have tuberculosis of the otorhinolaryngeal region (cervical adenitis excluded) hadMycobacterium tuberculosisculture-proven disease. Additional 7 had histology-proven tuberculosis. Only one patient had concomitant sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. We look at the various clinical and laboratory aspects of tuberculosis of the otorhinolaryngeal region that would help to diagnose this uncommon but important form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

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