scholarly journals Plaque accumulation and Streptococcus mutans levels around self-ligating bracket clips and elastomeric modules: A randomized controlled trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Dhaval Fadia ◽  
Meghna Vandekar ◽  
Nikhilesh Vaid ◽  
Viraj Doshi
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Orthodontic Bracket ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
Bacterial Plaque

Aim To determine the effect of two different ligating systems that is, elastomeric modules and self-ligating (SL) bracket systems (Smartclip - 3M Unitek) with respect to harboring bacterial plaque in fixed orthodontic treatment. Objectives To assess, evaluate, and compare the amount of plaque accumulation and Streptococcus mutans colonization around elastomeric ligation and SL clips in the smart clip appliance. Materials and Methods A total of 111 orthodontic patients scheduled for fixed orthodontic treatments were selected for this split maxillary arch study. All the patients were bonded with smart-clip (3M Unitek) SL brackets, and the wire was placed into the bracket slots, on the randomly selected hemi arch, elastomeric modules were placed for the study to be conducted. Microbial and periodontal plaque accumulation was recorded at 3-time intervals post ligation. Plaque index-by Silness and Loe, modified Quigely Hein index, bleeding on probing were evaluated, and biofilm was collected from the tooth surface after 30 days and placed in petri dishes containing Mitis Salivarius agar for bacterial culturing. Result It was observed that the side where ligation was done with elastomeric modules accumulated more plaque and increase in S. mutans colony forming units as compared to the side without external ligation (P < 0.05). Conclusion Reduced bacterial colonization and better plaque control was seen with SL orthodontic bracket appliance system as compared to conventional ligation method.

scholarly journals Analysis of Chlorhexidine Modified Cement in Orthodontic Patients: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Lucas dos Santos Araújo ◽  
Mariana Massi Afonso Alvim ◽  
Márcio José da Silva Campos ◽  
Ana Carolina Morais Apolônio ◽  
Fabíola Galbiatti Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and mechanical properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC) modified by chlorhexidine (CLX) for the purpose of cementing bands to the teeth of orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods Ten patients, between the ages of 19 and 33 years, in the initial stage of orthodontic treatment, were randomly designated to two groups using the split-mouth design (n = 10). One group (GICEX) had bands cemented with GIC modified by CLX and a Control group (GIC), evaluated at time intervals before (T0), 3 months (T3), and 6 months (T6) after cementation. Total microbiological counts were performed, and color stability of tooth enamel, salivary pH, and the adhesive remnant index (ARI) were evaluated. Statistical Analysis The Friedman and Dunn’s tests, Mann–Whitney, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey, and paired and non-paired t-tests (p< 0.05) were used. Results In T3, there was evidence of significant reduction in the quantity of colony forming unit (CFU) in GICEX group in comparison with the Control (p = 0.041). In T6, the quantity of CFU was similar to the quantity in T3 and significantly different to control (p = 0.045); Control group demonstrated a similar quantity of CFU between the experimental time intervals (p = 0.066). Salivary pH demonstrated significant difference only between the time intervals T0 and T6 (p = 0.022). The tooth enamel color (p = 0.366) and ARI (p = 0.343) values demonstrated no significant changes. Conclusion The incorporation of CLX into GIC demonstrated effective antibacterial action, allowed a good bond of the cement to the enamel, a high rate of survival of the bands, did not change the color of the tooth enamel, and maintained the salivary pH at physiological levels.

scholarly journals Anticariogenic effect of fluoride-releasing elastomers in orthodontic patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Katsue Miura ◽  
Izabel Yoko Ito ◽  
Carla Enoki ◽  
Ana Maria Elias ◽  
Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliance ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Experimental Group

This in vivo experimental study evaluated the efficacy of fluoride-releasing elastomers in the control of Streptococcus mutans levels in the oral cavity. Forty orthodontic patients were recruited and divided into two groups of 20. Fluoride-releasing elastomeric ligature ties (Fluor-I-Ties, Ortho Arch Co. Inc., USA) were used in the experimental group, and conventional elastomeric ligature ties (D. Morelli, Brazil), in the control group. Two initial samples of saliva were collected at a 14-day interval to determine the number of colony forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans. Immediately after collecting the second sample, fluoride-releasing elastomeric ligature ties were placed in the patients of the experimental group, and conventional ligature ties, in the patients of the control group. Seven, 14 and 28 days after placement of the elastomeric ligature ties, saliva and plaque surrounding the orthodontic appliance were collected for microbiologic analysis. There were no significant differences in the number of Streptococcus mutans CFUs in saliva or plaque in the area surrounding the fluoride-releasing or conventional elastomeric ligature ties. Thus, fluoride-releasing elastomeric ligature ties should not be indicated to reduce the incidence of enamel decalcification in orthodontic patients. Since there was no significant reduction in S. mutans in saliva or plaque, other means of prevention against enamel decalcification should be indicated for these patients.

Colony Forming Unit Levels of Salivary Lactobacilli and Streptococcus mutans In Orthodontic Patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Kupietzky ◽  
Amith Majumdar ◽  
Zia Shey ◽  
Robert Binder ◽  
Pamela Matheson
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of Lactobacilli (LB) and Streptococcus mutans (SM) colony forming units (CFU) in the saliva of subjects before and after orthodontic appliance placement.This was a controlled, prospective two-group, two-measurement, clinical trial performed on 64 study patients, 12-15 years old. Subjects in the experimental group were sampled for LB and SM in stimulated saliva collected on the same day but prior to band and bracket placement. The subjects in the control group were sampled on their first screening appointment two months prior to band and bracket placement. The second samples of LB and SM were taken from the experimental and control groups after two months. Saliva was transferred to a selective agar carrier and incubated for 48 hours at 37°C / 99 °F. LB and SM colonies forming units were compared with standard densities.The experimental group wearing orthodontic appliances had significantly higher mean LB CFU counts than the control group at the 2 month follow- up (3.25 vs. 2.57, p =0.0036). The two groups, however, did not show any difference in mean SM CFU counts at the 2 month follow-up (3.0 vs. 3.1, p = 0.66). The results of this study showed that a higher number of CFUs of LB were associated with the group wearing orthodontic appliances after two months and may play a role in the increased levels of plaque seen in many orthodontic patients.

scholarly journals A Proteomic Analysis of Discolored Tooth Surfaces after the Use of 0.12% Chlorhexidine (CHX) Mouthwash and CHX Provided with an Anti-Discoloration System (ADS)

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4338
Author(s):  
Stefania Bergamini ◽  
Elisa Bellei ◽  
Luigi Generali ◽  
Aldo Tomasi ◽  
Carlo Bertoldi
Keyword(s):  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bone Surgery ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
Bacterial Plaque ◽  
Therapy Protocol

Chlorhexidine (CHX) is considered the gold standard for the chemical control of bacterial plaque and is often used after surgical treatment. However, CHX employment over an extended time is responsible for side effects such as the appearance of pigmentations on the teeth and tongue; the discoloration effects are less pronounced when using a CHX-based mouthwash with added an anti-discoloration system (ADS). The aim of this study was to evaluate, using one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry, the possible proteomic changes induced by CHX and CHX+ADS in the supragingival dental sites susceptible to a discoloration effect. The tooth surface collected material (TSCM) was obtained by curettage after resective bone surgery from three groups of patients following a supportive therapy protocol in which a mechanical control was combined with placebo rinses or CHX or a CHX+ADS mouthwash. The proteomic analysis was performed before surgery (basal conditions) and four weeks after surgery when CHX was used (or not) as chemical plaque control. Changes in the TSCM proteome were only revealed following CHX treatment: glycolytic enzymes, molecular chaperones and elongation factors were identified as more expressed. These changes were not detected after CHX+ADS treatment. An ADS could directly limit TSCM forming and also the CHX antiseptic effect reduces its ability to alter bacterial cell permeability. However, Maillard’s reaction produces high molecular weight molecules that change the surface properties and could facilitate bacterial adhesion.

scholarly journals A Concise Review of Silver Diamine Fluoride on Oral Biofilm

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3232
Author(s):  
Jingyang Zhang ◽  
Sofiya-Roksolana Got ◽  
Iris Xiaoxue Yin ◽  
Edward Chin-Man Lo ◽  
Chun-Hung Chu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Oral Biofilm ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride

Studies have shown that silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is an effective agent to arrest and prevent dental caries due to its mineralizing and antibacterial properties. While plenty of studies have investigated the mineralizing properties, there are few papers that have examined its antibacterial effect on oral biofilm. The objective of this study was to identify the effect of silver diamine fluoride on oral biofilm. Method: The keywords used were (silver diamine fluoride OR silver diammine fluoride OR SDF OR silver fluoride OR AgF AND biofilm OR plaque). Two reviewers screened the titles and abstracts and then retrieved the full text of the potentially eligible publications. Publications of original research investigating the effect of SDF on oral biofilm were selected for this review. Results: This review included 15 laboratory studies and six clinical studies among the 540 papers identified. The laboratory studies found that SDF could prevent bacterial adhesion to the tooth surface. SDF also inhibited the growth of cariogenic bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Enterococcus faecalis, thus contributing to its success in caries arrest. One clinical study reported a decrease in Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus sp. in arrested caries after SDF treatment, and another clinical study found that SDF inhibited the growth of periodontitis microbiota, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens. However, three clinical studies reported no significant change in the microbial diversity of the plaque on the tooth after SDF treatment. Moreover, one laboratory study and one clinical research study reported that SDF inhibited the growth of Candida albicans. Conclusion: Not many research studies have investigated the effects of SDF on oral biofilm, although SDF has been used as a caries-arresting agent with antibacterial properties. However, a few publications have reported that SDF prevented bacterial adhesion to the teeth, inhibited the growth of cariogenic and periodontal bacteria, and possessed antifungal properties.

scholarly journals Accuracy of intraoral scan images in full arch with orthodontic brackets: a retrospective in vivo study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Kyun Kim ◽  
So-Hyun Kim ◽  
Tae-Hyun Choi ◽  
Edwin H. Yen ◽  
Bingshuang Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Digital Impression ◽  
Orthodontic Bracket ◽  
Average Surface ◽  
Mandibular Arch ◽  
Surface Errors ◽  
Digital Impressions ◽  
Surface Deviations ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the accuracy of intraoral scan (IOS) images in the maxillary and mandibular arches with orthodontic brackets. Material and methods From digital impressions of 140 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment, consecutive IOS images were selected based on standardized inclusion criteria: Two pre-orthodontic IOS images (IOS1 and IOS2) of permanent dentition with fully erupted second molars and IOS images obtained immediately after orthodontic bracket bonding (IOSb). Superimpositions were performed to evaluate the reproducibility of repeated IOS images. Accuracy of IOSb images was analyzed by comparing the average surface errors between IOS1c and IOS2c images, which were IOS images cut based on the same region of the interest as between IOS1 and IOSb images. Results A total of 84 IOS images was analyzed. The average surface errors between IOS1 and IOS2 images were 57 ± 8 μm and 59 ± 14 μm in the maxillary and mandibular arch, respectively, and their reliability was almost perfect. The average errors between IOSb and IOS1c images exhibited an increase, which measured 97 ± 28 μm in the maxillary arch and 95 ± 29 μm in the mandibular arch. These surface deviations between IOSb and IOS1c images were significantly larger in each region as well as entire dentition (P < 0.001) compared to those between IOS1c and IOS2c images. Conclusions The average surface errors of the scans with brackets showed increased values compared with those without brackets. This suggests that orthodontic brackets could affect the trueness of intraoral scan images. Clinical relevance It is necessary for clinicians to consider the effect of brackets on digital impression when using IOS images in orthodontic patients.

scholarly journals Effects of plaque control according to professional toothbrushing and oral health education of orthodontic patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Yun Ju Kim ◽  
Ho Jin Jeong ◽  
Jung Won Yun ◽  
Yea Hwang Kim ◽  
Hyun Seo Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Oral Health Education ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Plaque Control

scholarly journals Effect of specialized bathing systems on resident cleanliness and water quality in nursing homes: a randomized controlled trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Sloane ◽  
Lauren W. Cohen ◽  
Christianna S. Williams ◽  
Jean Munn ◽  
John S. Preisser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Staff Satisfaction ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Impact

A randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of different methods of water agitation on clinical and microbiological outcomes in 31 nursing home residents. Four conditions were tested: a) whirlpool tub, jets on, using standard soap products; b) ultrasound tub, ultrasound on, using the standard soap products; c) ultrasound tub, ultrasound on, using specialized soap and skin conditioner; and d) either tub (randomized), water circulation off, using standard soap products (the control condition). Outcomes of interest included skin microbial flora, water microbial flora, skin condition, time spent bathing, and staff satisfaction. Resident skin condition and skin microbial flora did not differ between the four treatments. The tubs also did not differ in terms of bacterial colonization; however, there was a non-statistically significant trend for the highest counts to occur in whirlpool tubs after being idle overnight. The ultrasound and whirlpool tubs were preferred by staff over the control treatment (still water) in terms of sound and overall suitability. In addition, staff reported that the ultrasound tub using enhanced skin cleansers made bathing residents easier and faster than the same tub using standard cleansers.

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