Experience of intimate partner violence of women at reproductive age group in india and their decision-making power

Abstract Background: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is the most serious and pervasive yet under recognized human rights violation in the world as well as in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to find the spatial distribution of IPV and its determinant factors in Ethiopia. Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted among 2,687 reproductive age group women (15–49 years). The distribution of IPV across the country was observed by ArcGIS software. In SaTScan software, the Bernoulli model was fitted by Kulldorff methods to identify the purely spatial clusters of IPV. Generalized Structural Equation Model (GSEM) was used to determine factors associated with each domain of IPV (physical, emotional & sexual violence).Result: The spatial distribution of IPV was found to be clustered in Ethiopia with Global Moran’s I 0.09 (p < 0.001) and the highest IPV cluster was observed in Oromia (p < 0.001), Somali (p < 0.001) and Southern Nation and Nationality and Peoples (SNNP) (p < 0.001) regions . Watching television and not having attitudes toward wife beating were negatively associated with physical violence. Being richest and nonsmoker were inversely associated with emotional violence. The odds of experiencing sexual violence were increased among pregnant and wife of uneducated husband/partner. Women’s decision-making autonomy and husband/partner drinking alcohol have positive and negative association with all domains of IPV respectively. Conclusions: There was a significant clustering of IPV in Ethiopia and the highest IPV cluster was observed in Oromia, Somali and SNNP regions. Being richest, watching television, not having attitudes toward wife beating, women’s decision autonomy and husband’s/partner’s high education and non-alcohol drinker status were negatively associated with IPV. The likelihood of experiencing IPV was also increased among smoker and pregnant women. We recommend that improving the economic status of the household and power of women's decision autonomy, increasing community awareness about the consequences of IPV with particular emphasis in Oromia, Somali and SNNP regions.

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A Cross-Sectional Study to Explore Intimate Partner Violence and Barriers to Empowerment of Women in Armenia

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/6939684 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Russell Kabir ◽

Hafiz T. A. Khan

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Social Issues ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Age Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

Background. Intimate partner violence is a major problem worldwide and it is one of the most social issues in Armenia. Empowerment is one of the important factors that helps women to break the cycle of violence by their husband/partner. The aim of this research is to explore the impact of intimate partner violence on empowerment of Armenian women of reproductive age group. Methods. This cross-sectional study used data Armenia Demography and Health Survey Data 2015-16. A total 6116 women were selected from 8749 households at both urban and rural places of Armenia for interview using multistage cluster sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 24. Results. The respondents aged between 35 and 49 years are more likely to face violence compared to other age group (p≤0.001). The respondents who have no decision-making power, about 89% of them, are experiencing intimate partner violence, whereas only 11% are facing intimate partner violence among those who have decision-making power (p≤0.001). The logistic regression analysis reveals that age of the respondents, number of children in the households, wealth index, and empowerment status are significantly associated with intimate partner violence. Conclusion. Intimate partner violence has significant impact on the empowerment of women in Armenia. This study revealed that women with no empowerment are more likely to experience intimate partner violence compared to those women who are empowered in Armenian society.

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Association of adverse pregnancy outcome and domestic/intimate partner violence

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20172345 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 2527

Author(s):

Vijyeta R. Jagtap ◽

Padmaja Y. Samant

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adverse Pregnancy

Background: Domestic/intimate partner violence is not a mere household issue. It is a global phenomenon that occurs in all the countries and cuts across all strata, races and countries. Apart from being an issue of human/individual rights, it also has major health consequences. The main aim of this study is to stress the need of screening and detecting violence in antenatal women.Methods: This was a questionnaire based observational cross sectional study done at King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India over a span of one year. A total of 200 antenatal/postnatal patients seeking healthcare were enrolled after an informed consent with approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Percentages of various parameters were analysed. Test of significance was Chi square test and Odd’s ratio (p <0.05).Results: Prevalence of domestic/intimate partner violence in our study was 12.5% and 7% in the group with normal pregnancy outcome and 18% in group with adverse pregnancy outcome. It was found that violence was more prevalent in age group of 21 to 30 years, love marriages, nuclear families, lower educational level of partner, addiction in partner, unplanned pregnancies, lower economic conditions and families supporting dowry and gender bias and allowing freedom of choice and contraception.Conclusions: Need for routine screening for violence in women of reproductive age group with vulnerable subset of pregnant women. Creating awareness/sensitivity amongst healthcare professionals and to train them to identify and help these women.

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Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Kohalpur Municipality of Banke District, Nepal

Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.3126/jhp.v8i0.32985 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 53-62

Author(s):

Bhagawoti Sharma

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Violent Relationships ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Drinking Behaviors ◽

Partner Violence Against Women ◽

Reproductive Age Group

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is abuse that occurs in a close relationship. The main purpose of this study is to determine the forms and risk factors associated with violence as well as the effect of demographic elements on IPV. The population of this study was all the women of the reproductive age group in Ward No. 7 of Kohalpur Municipality Banke district, Nepal. For this study 151 married women aged 15-49 years were selected from Kohalpur municipality by using. convenience sampling method. Data were collected through the interview schedule and attitude scale. The researcher has found that 33.11 percent respondents strongly agreed that they were afraid of their husbands and 53.64 percent respondents strongly agreed that their husbands physical forced to have sex. Likewise, 17.21 percent respondents pointed IPV is due to lack of education and 55.62 percent due to gambling and drinking behaviors of their husbands. Similarly, 6.62 percent respondents pointed out that it is due to fewer dowry system. IPV, a serious problem, has long-lasting effects on individuals, families and society also. So this has to be prevented. To reduce the proportion of IPV, healthy, respectful, understanding and an appropriate environment has to be promoted instead of violent relationships.

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Homosexuality is not on Trial: Jury Decision Making in Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence Cases

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e571212013-247 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Nikoleta Despodova ◽

Elizabeth Jeglic

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Jury Decision Making ◽

Same Sex ◽

Jury Decision

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Intimate Partner Violence and its Association With Contraceptive Use Among Women in Pakistan

Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research ◽

10.33824/pjpr.2019.34.1.9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (Spring 2019) ◽

pp. 157-173

Author(s):

Kashif Siddique ◽

Rubeena Zakar ◽

Ra’ana Malik ◽

Naveeda Farhat ◽

Farah Deeba

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Married Women ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Odds Ratios

The aim of this study is to find the association between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and contraceptive use among married women in Pakistan. The analysis was conducted by using cross sectional secondary data from every married women of reproductive age 15-49 years who responded to domestic violence module (N = 3687) of the 2012-13 Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey. The association between contraceptive use (outcome variable) and IPV was measured by calculating unadjusted odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals using simple binary logistic regression and multivariable binary logistic regression. The result showed that out of 3687 women, majority of women 2126 (57.7%) were using contraceptive in their marital relationship. Among total, 1154 (31.3%) women experienced emotional IPV, 1045 (28.3%) women experienced physical IPV and 1402 (38%) women experienced both physical and emotional IPV together respectively. All types of IPV was significantly associated with contraceptive use and women who reported emotional IPV (AOR 1.44; 95% CI 1.23, 1.67), physical IPV (AOR 1.41; 95% CI 1.20, 1.65) and both emotional and physical IPV together (AOR 1.49; 95% CI 1.24, 1.72) were more likely to use contraceptives respectively. The study revealed that women who were living in violent relationship were more likely to use contraceptive in Pakistan. Still there is a need for women reproductive health services and government should take initiatives to promote family planning services, awareness and access to contraceptive method options for women to reduce unintended or mistimed pregnancies that occurred in violent relationships.

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Spatial distribution and determinants of intimate partner violence among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: Spatial and Multilevel analysis

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-021-01218-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dessie Abebaw Angaw ◽

Alemakef Wagnew Melesse ◽

Bisrat Misganaw Geremew ◽

Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Multilevel Analysis ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

P Value ◽

Public Health Programs ◽

Reproductive Age Women

Abstract Background Intimate partner violence is a serious global public health problem particularly in low-and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia where women's empowerment is limited. Despite the high prevalence of intimate partner violence in Ethiopia, there is limited evidence on the spatial distribution and determinants of intimate partner violence among reproductive-age women. Exploring the spatial distribution of intimate partner violence is crucial to identify hotspot areas of intimate partner violence to design targeted health care interventions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution and determinants of intimate partner violence among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Methods A secondary data analysis was done based on the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data. A total weighted sample of 6090 reproductive-age women were included in the study. The spatial scan statistical analysis was done to identify the significant hotspot areas of intimate partner violence. A multilevel binary logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify significant determinants of intimate partner violence. Deviance, Intra-cluster Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Median Odds Ratio, and Proportional Change in Variance (PCV) were used for model comparison as well as for checking model fitness. Variables with a p-value less than 0.2 were considered in the multivariable analysis. In the multivariable multilevel analysis, the Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were reported to declare statistical significance and strength of association between intimate partner violence and independent variables. Results The spatial analysis revealed that the spatial distribution of intimate partner violence was significantly varied across the country (Moran’s I = 0.1007, p-value < 0.0001). The SaTScan analysis identified a total of 192 significant clusters, of these 181 were primary clusters located in the Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambella, northwest Amhara, and west Oromia regions. In the multivariable multilevel analysis; women aged 45–49 years (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI 1.52–5.10), women attained secondary education (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.38–0.98), women in the richest household (AOR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.35–0.97), > 10 family size (AOR = 3.85, 95% CI 1.41–10.54), and high community women empowerment (AOR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.49–0.8)) were significantly associated with intimate partner violence. Conclusions Intimate partner violence among reproductive-age women had significant spatial variation across the country. Women's age, education status, family size, community women empowerment, and wealth status were found significant determinants of intimate partner violence. Therefore, public health programs should design targeted interventions in identified hot spot areas to reduce the incidence of intimate partner violence. Besides, health programmers should scale up public health programs designed to enhance women's autonomy to reduce the incidence of intimate partner violence and its consequences.

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Intimate partner violence against reproductive-age women and associated factors in Peru: Evidence from national surveys, 2015-2017

Heliyon ◽

10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07478 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. e07478

Author(s):

Ruth M. Burgos-Muñoz ◽

Anderson N. Soriano-Moreno ◽

Guido Bendezu-Quispe ◽

Diego Urrunaga-Pastor ◽

Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

National Surveys ◽

Reproductive Age Women

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Intimate Partner Violence as a Predictor of Antenatal Care Services Utilization in Rwanda

10.21203/rs.3.rs-517631/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Claire Bahati ◽

Josias Izabayo ◽

Japhet Niyonsenga ◽

Vincent Sezibera ◽

Léon Mutesa

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Services Utilization ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Although compelling evidence shows that the experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is detrimental to both physical and mental health of the victims and their offspring, studies on negative impact of IPV on antenatal care (ANC) services utilization are scarce. Methods: The aim of the current study was to determine the impact of IPV exposure on ANC services utilization indicators such as (i) initiation of care within the first three months of pregnancy, (ii) receipt of at least four ANC visits and (iii) receipt of care from skilled providers among reproductive age women in Rwanda. This study used the data from the 2014-15 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of physical and sexual IPV on the antenatal care (ANC) services utilization indicators. Results: Among married women living with their partners with at least one child aged 5years or under (N=5116), 17% of them reported physical violence, 22.8% reported psychological violence and 9.2% reported sexual violence. We found that there was a significant negative relationship between physical IPV and both early ANC and sufficient ANC. Women who had experienced physical violence by their partners during the preceding 12 months were less likely to receive more than four ANC visits, (O.R) = 0.6151 confidence interval (CI) [0.417-0.908] and they were less likely to attend the first ANC visits within the first three months (O.R) =0.656 confidence interval (CI) = [0.445-0.967].Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of IPV is still high and there is evidence that it does have significant impact on ANC. Therefore, the results provide support for continued efforts to reduce intimate partner violence, through the improvement of screening for IVP during ANC visits.

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