Antioxidant and antiacetylcholinestrase studies of In vitro regenerated and transformed hairy roots of Ocimum sanctum (L.)

Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum L.) is a sacred plant of medicinal and spiritual significance in many cultures. Medicinal properties of Tulsi are ascribed to its phytochemicals with antioxidant capabilities. The current study was undertaken to screen a large seed population of Tulsi to select germplasm lines with high antioxidant potential and to standardize protocols for micropropagation and biomass production to produce a phytochemically consistent crop. A total of 80 germplasm lines were established under in vitro conditions and screened for their antioxidant potential determined with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) bioassay. The micropropagation of a selected line, named Vrinda, was established using nodal cultures grown on Murashige and Skoog medium containing benzylaminopurine (1.1 µM), gibberellic acid (0.3 µM), and activated charcoal (0.6%). The antioxidant phytohormones melatonin and serotonin were quantified in the field and greenhouse grown tissues of Vrinda and melatonin levels were found to be consistent in both conditions with higher serotonin levels under field conditions. This integrated approach combining the in vitro selection and propagation offers potential applications in the development of safe, effective, and novel natural health products of Tulsi, and many other medicinal plant species.

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Resveratrol Biosynthesis in Hairy Root Cultures of Tan and Purple Seed Coat Peanuts

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11050975 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 975

Author(s):

Ye-Eun Park ◽

Chang-Ha Park ◽

Hyeon-Ji Yeo ◽

Yong-Suk Chung ◽

Sang-Un Park

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Hairy Root ◽

Hairy Roots ◽

Seed Coat ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Good Source ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Seedling Roots

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a crop that can produce resveratrol, a compound with various biological properties, such as those that exert antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, trans-resveratrol was detected in the roots, leaves, and stems of tan and purple seed coat peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) cultivated in a growth chamber. Both cultivars showed higher levels of resveratrol in the roots than the other plant parts. Thus, both cultivars were inoculated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes, in vitro, to promote hairy root development, thereby producing enhanced levels of t-resveratrol. After 1 month of culture, hairy roots from the two cultivars showed higher levels of fresh weight than those of seedling roots. Furthermore, both cultivars contained higher t-resveratrol levels than those of their seedling roots (6.88 ± 0.21 mg/g and 28.07 ± 0.46 mg/g, respectively); however, purple seed coat peanut hairy roots contained higher t-resveratrol levels than those of tan seed coat peanut hairy roots, ranging from 70.16 to 166.76 mg/g and from 46.61 to 54.31 mg/g, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that peanut hairy roots could be a good source for t-resveratrol production due to their rapid growth, high biomass, and substantial amount of resveratrol.

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MTMS-Based Aerogel Constructs for Immobilization of Plant Hairy Roots: Effects on Proliferation of Rindera graeca Biomass and Extracellular Secretion of Naphthoquinones

Journal of Functional Biomaterials ◽

10.3390/jfb12010019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Bartosz Nowak ◽

Mateusz Kawka ◽

Kamil Wierzchowski ◽

Katarzyna Sykłowska-Baranek ◽

Maciej Pilarek

Keyword(s):

Polyurethane Foam ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Hairy Roots ◽

Reference System ◽

Culture System ◽

In Vitro Cultures ◽

Fresh Mass ◽

Extracellular Secretion ◽

High Level

Unique biosynthetic abilities revealed by plants determine in vitro cultures of hairy roots as a suitable source of pharmaceutically relevant bioactive compounds. The basic aim of the study was to examine the applicability of aerogel composed of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) for immobilization of Rindera graeca hairy roots by identifying quantitative effects of biomass proliferation and naphthoquinones extracellular secretion in the aerogel-supported culture system. R. graeca hairy roots were simultaneously cultured for 28-days, as (i) nonimmobilized biomass (reference system), (ii) biomass immobilized on macroporous polyurethane foam (PUF), (iii) biomass with disintegrated MTMS aerogel, (iv) biomass immobilized on polypropylene (PP) fibers (as control), and (v) biomass immobilized on monolithic PP-reinforced MTMS aerogel. MTMS aerogel exhibited high level of biocompatibility toward R. graeca hairy roots which grew into the structure of monolithic aerogel-based constructs. Monolithic MTMS-based constructs significantly promoted the proliferation of hairy roots, resulting in 55% higher fresh mass than the reference system. The highest level of naphthoquinones productivity, i.e., 653 µg gDW−1, was noted for PUF-supported culture system.

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Establishment of Highly Efficient Agrobacterium Rhizogenes-mediated Transformation for Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni Explants

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s Botanica ◽

10.1515/abcsb-2016-0003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 113-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Żaneta Michalec-Warzecha ◽

Laura Pistelli ◽

Francesca D’Angiolillo ◽

Marta Libik-Konieczny

Keyword(s):

Agrobacterium Rhizogenes ◽

Hairy Roots ◽

Molecular Level ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Light Conditions ◽

Inoculum Concentration ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽

Pcr Method

Abstract Leaves and internodes from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plants growing in different conditions were used for transformation with two strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes: ATCC 15384 and LBA 9402. Hairy roots formation was observed and the percentage of the transformed explants depended on the type of explant, time of inoculation and inoculum concentration. Inoculation of explants from ex vitro and in vitro plants with LBA 9402 strain led to higher efficiency of transformation than inoculation with ATCC 15384 strain. Growth rate of hairy roots in liquid culture was assessed under light and dark conditions. It was found that the growth of hairy roots decreased significantly under light conditions. Transformation of hairy roots growing in different culture conditions was confirmed at the molecular level using PCR method with primers constructed against rolB and rolC genes from A. rhizogenes.

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IN VITRO LIPID PEROXIDATION INHIBITORY AND ANTI-ARTHRITIC ACTIVITIES OF SOME INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽

10.53879/id.49.06.p0031 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 49 (06) ◽

pp. 31-35

Author(s):

A. A Rege ◽

◽

P. R. Juvekar ◽

A. R. Juvekar

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Liver Mitochondria ◽

Tinospora Cordifolia ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Lipid Peroxidation Inhibitory Activity ◽

Gallic Acid Equivalent ◽

Indian Medicinal Plants

Anti-lipid peroxidation effect of aqueous extracts of Ocimum sanctum, Tinospora cordifolia and Withania somnifera was evaluated against Fe2+-ascorbic acid-induced lipid peroxidation using rat liver mitochondria as model system, whereas, anti-arthritic activity was evaluated by proteinase inhibitory assay. O. sanctum showed potent anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-arthritic activities. T. cordifolia exhibited moderate anti-lipid peroxidation activity, but considerable anti-arthritic activity, whereas, W. somnifera revealed least lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity and considerable anti-arthritic activity. Besides, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent in terms of gallic acid equivalent achieved the total phenolic content and the trend was found to be O. sanctum > T. cordifolia > W. somnifera.

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Inhibition of lipid peroxidation by botanical extracts of Ocimum sanctum: In vivo and in vitro studies

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.lfs.2004.05.036 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 21-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Geetha ◽

R. Kedlaya ◽

D.M. Vasudevan

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

In Vitro Studies ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Botanical Extracts

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Analisa Aktivitas Antibakteri Rebusan Daun Sirih Dengan Rebusan Daun Kemangi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus mutans

Hang Tuah Medical journal ◽

10.30649/htmj.v18i1.459 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 36

Author(s):

ENNY WILLIANTI ◽

THEODORA THEODORA ◽

WAHYUNI DYAH PARMASARI

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Observational Research ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Oral Flora ◽

Betel Leaf ◽

Growth Of Bacteria

ABSTRACT Background: Betel leaf contains essential oils consisting of bethelphenol, kavikol, sesquiterpenes, hydroxycavikol, cavibetol, estragol, eugenol and carvacrol. Essential oils are antibacterial due to the presence of phenol compounds and their derivatives that can denature the bacterial cell proteins. Basil leaves contain compounds from essential oils, namely 1,8-cineole, ß-bisabolene, and methyl eugenol. These three ingredients are soluble to ethanol and can cause damage to the cell membranes of the Streptococcus mutans bacteria, which are members of the normal oral flora but can turn into pathogens if the balance of normal flora is disturbed. The aim of this study was to determine the difference in the activity of the antibacterial of decoction betel leaf (piper betle L. ) with a decoction of basil leaves (ocimum sanctum) against growth of bacteria Streptococcus mutans (in vitro study).Method: this observational research with disk diffusion techniques. This study observed and measured the diameter of the inhibitory zone in MHA formed by decoction of betel leaf (piper betle L) and basil leaf (ocimum sanctum) in units of millimeters (mm). There were 2 groups with 16 replications.Results: the results of the description test showed that the antibacterial activity of the betel leaf decoction and the highest decoction of basil leaf was 17 mm and the lowest was 15 mm, but the average antibacterial value of betel leaf decoction (15,81) greater than the average value of antibacterial activity of basil leaf (15.75). This is because there are chemicals contained in betel leaf similar as contained in basil leaf, namely essential oils.Conclusion: there is no difference in the antibacterial activity of decoction betel leaf with decoction basil leaf against growth of bacteria Streptococcus mutans. Keywords: Betel leaf decoction, basil leaf decoction, Streptococcus mutans. Abstrak Latar Belakang: Daun sirih mengandung minyak atsiri yang terdiri dari bethelphenol, kavikol, seskuiterpen, hydroxycavikol,cavibetol, estragol, eugenol dan carvacrol. Minyak atsiri bersifat antibakteri karena adanya senyawa phenol dan turunannya yang dapat mendenaturasi protein sel bakteri. Daun kemangi mengandung senyawa dari minyak atsiri yaitu 1,8-cineole, ß-bisabolene, metyl eugenol. Ketiga bahan tersebut memiliki sifat larut terhadap etanol dan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan membran sel bakteri streptococcus mutans yang merupakan anggota flora normal rongga mulut tetapi dapat berubah menjadi patogen jika keseimbangan flora normal terganggu.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan aktivitas antibakteri rebusan daun sirih (piper betle L) dengan rebusan daun kemangi (ocimum sanctum) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans (penelitian in vitro).Metode: penelitian observasional ini dengan teknik difusi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengamati dan mengukur diameter zona hambat pada MHA yang dibentuk oleh rebusan daun sirih (piper betle L) dan daun kemangi (ocimum sanctum) dalam satuan milimeter (mm). Terdapat 2 kelompok dengan replikasi sebanyak 16.Hasil : Hasil uji deskripsi menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antibakteri pada rebusan daun sirih maupun rebusan daun kemangi yang tertinggi sebesar 17 mm dan yang terendah 15 mm. Tetapi pada nilai rata-rata efektifitas antibakteri rebusan daun sirih (15,81) lebih besar daripada nilai rata-rata efektifitas antibakteri rebusan daun kemangi (15,75). Hal ini dikarenakan ada zat kimia yang terkandung dalam daun sirih mirip dengan yang terkandung dalam daun kemangi, yaitu minyak atsiri.Kesimpulan : tidak ada perbedaan aktivitas antibakteri rebusan daun sirih dengan rebusan daun kemangi terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Kata kunci: rebusan daun sirih, rebusan daun kemangi, Streptococcus mutans.

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