scholarly journals Sewage sludge compost in zoysia grass sod production

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Diniz Mota ◽  
Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas ◽  
Caroline De Moura D´Andréa Mateus ◽  
Tatiane Bortoletto Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Leaf Analysis ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sod Production ◽  
Compost Treatment ◽  
Composted Sewage Sludge

This study evaluated whether the use of composted sewage sludge in zoysia grass sod production can partially or completely substitute fertilization based on urea. The experiment was conducted on a sod farm located in Itapetininga, São Paulo State, Brazil. The experimental design was a complete randomized block design with five replications and experimental plots of 5 m2 in a 2x6 factorial scheme. The first factor was the method of application (single or split), and the second factor was composted sewage sludge fertilization and two controls (no fertilization and a standard dose of conventional fertilizer). The conventional fertilizer (urea) dose corresponds to 300 kg N ha-1 and the sewage compost doses correspond to 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg N ha-1 . The experiment began with the liming of the total area at 60 days after the previous harvest of zoysia grass sod. Three methods were used to evaluate sod production: soil cover rate, green color intensity, and leaf analysis. At 212 days after the beginning of the experiment, the compost treatment of 30 Mg ha-1 (300 kg ha-1 of N), applied in a single dose, allowed for complete sod formation (100% soil cover rate).

scholarly journals Attributes of the soil fertilized with sewage sludge and calcium and magnesium silicate

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1107-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo R. Zuba Junio ◽  
Regynaldo A. Sampaio ◽  
Altina L. Nascimento ◽  
Luiz A. Fernandes ◽  
Natália N. de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Magnesium Silicate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sludge Compost ◽  
Sewage Sludge Compost ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the chemical attributes of an Inceptisol cultivated with castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), variety ‘BRS Energia’, fertilized with sewage sludge compost and calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) silicate. The experiment was conducted at the ICA/UFMG, in a randomized block design, using a 2 x 4 factorial scheme with three replicates, and the treatments consisted of two doses of Ca-Mg silicate (0 and 1 t ha-1) and four doses of sewage sludge compost (0, 23.81, 47.62 and 71.43 t ha-1, on dry basis). Soil organic matter (OM), pH, sum of bases (SB), effective cation exchange capacity (CEC(t)), total cation exchange capacity (CEC(T)), base saturation (V%) and potential acidity (H + Al) were evaluated. There were no significant interactions between doses of sewage sludge compost and doses of Ca-Mg silicate on soil attributes, and no effect of silicate fertilization on these attributes. However, fertilization with sewage sludge compost promoted reduction in pH and increase in H + Al, OM and CEC. The dose of 71.43 t ha-1 of sewage sludge compost promoted the best soil chemical conditions.

scholarly journals Yield of castor bean fertilized with sewage sludge and potassium and magnesium sulphate

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 773-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thâmara F. M. Cavalcanti ◽  
Geraldo R. Zuba ◽  
Regynaldo A. Sampaio ◽  
João P. Carneiro ◽  
Ely S. A. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
N Requirement ◽  
Bean Leaves

<title>ABSTRACT</title><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield and nutrition of castor bean in response to fertilization with sewage sludge and potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) sulphate. The experiment was carried out from January to July 2011. The treatments, in a randomized block design with three replicates, in a Nitosol, corresponded to a factorial scheme (2 x 4 +1): two doses of K and Mg sulphate combined with four doses of sewage sludge (0, 2.60, 5.20 and 10.40 t ha<sup>-1</sup>, dry basis), applied based on its nitrogen (N) content and the N requirement for the crop and an additional treatment with NPK. The castor bean grain yield fertilized with sewage sludge did not differ from conventional fertilization, with the maximum value achieved at a dose of 7.5 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of sewage sludge. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased zinc and copper levels in the soil to values close to or higher than those in conventional fertilization, without any influence on the concentrations in the leaf. Fertilization with K and Mg sulphate increased the levels of these cations in the soil without affecting the concentrations in the leaves. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased the contents of organic matter, sulfur, zinc, iron, copper and boron in the soil, and manganese and boron in castor bean leaves.</p>

scholarly journals Agronomic performances of Pak Choi grown with different soil cover

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia M Echer ◽  
Graciela M Dalastra ◽  
Tiago L Hachmann ◽  
Elcio S Klosowski ◽  
Vandeir F Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Set Up

An important aspect in the cultivation of vegetables is the quality of the product to be marketed, free from dirt and damage and the practice of mulching could be an option, but there is scarse information. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of mulching on the production traits of three cultivars of Pak Choi. The experiment was set up during March to May 2013 using a split plot randomized block design, with four replications. Soil cover treatments (white agrotextile, black agrotextile, black plastic, silver plastic, tifton straw and bare soil) were arranged in the plots, and three cultivars of Pak Choi (Green Pak Choi, White Pak Choi and Chingensai Natsu Shomi) in subplots. Height and diameter of shoots, number of leaves, fresh weight of the head and petiole, base diameter, dry weight of stem, petiole, and leaf were evaluated thirty-five days after transplantation. The total dry weight and leaf area were measured, and then we estimated the yield. There was a significant effect of soil cover and cultivar. In general, the cover with synthetic materials showed higher values on production of Pak Choi. The cultivar White Pak Choi was better adapted to the growing conditions, with an average yield of 57.78 t/ha.

scholarly journals Residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization on sunflower yield and nutrition

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1005-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann C. de Albuquerque ◽  
Geraldo R. Zuba Junio ◽  
Regynaldo A. Sampaio ◽  
Luiz A. Fernandes ◽  
Fabiano B. S. Prates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Potential Acidity

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization on yield and nutrition of sunflower in its second cycle. The experiment was carried out from April to August 2012. The treatments consisted of four doses of sewage sludge (0, 10, 20 and 30 t ha-1, dry basis) applied in the first cycle of sunflower, distributed in a randomized block design, with six replicates. Sunflower stem diameter, plant height, capitulum diameter and yield increased with the increment in sewage sludge doses, with maximum values observed with the dose of 30 t ha-1. The contents of calcium and magnesium in the soil, pH, sum of bases, effective and potential cation exchange capacity and base saturation increased, while potential acidity and the contents of manganese and iron in the leaves decreased, with the increment in the residual doses of sewage sludge. There was a reduction in yield and growth characteristics of sunflower in the second cycle; thus, additional fertilization with sewage sludge is recommended in each new cycle.

scholarly journals SOIL PROTECTION BY USED OF COVER CROPS CONSORTIA AND SINGLE CULTIVATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiana Jungbluth ◽  
Ana Regina Dahlem Ziech ◽  
Camila Roberta Pereira ◽  
Márcia Cristina Dos Santos ◽  
Patrick Machado
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Coverage Rate ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Technological University

The no-till system has been growing over the years and for this system to be successful, it is essential to maintain permanent vegetation cover over the soil, an adequate crop rotation system with minimal overturning. A strategy for soil protection is to introduce species of cover crops in winter under single or intercropping. The objective was to evaluate the rate of soil cover by intercropping between black oats (Avena strigosa L.) and forage turnip (Raphanus sativus L.) at different sowing densities, as well as the isolated species in terms of soil protection under no-tillage. The study was conducted at the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), campus Santa Helena, with a randomized block design, with five treatments and three repetitions. The treatments were: 100% black oats (BO); 100% forage turnip (FT); 75% BO + 25% FT; 50% BO + 50% FT and 25% BO + 75% FT. The cover crops were sown in May 2019. The percentage of soil cover from 21 to 91 days after sowing (DAS) was evaluated using the photographic method, with weekly collection of images in an area delimited by a metallic frame (25 m²), positioned on the ground at two fixed points per plot. The coverage rate quantification was estimated by overlaying a grid with 100 points of intersection over each image. The rate of soil cover by consortia and single crops did not show a statistically significant difference. To 49 days, consortia had coverage equal to or greater than 70%, while for single species, this percentage was reached at 56 DAS and 70 DAS, for BO and FT, respectively. All treatments showed high potential for soil protection and coverage rate from 70 DAS.

scholarly journals Composted Sewage Sludge Enhances Soybean Production and Agronomic Performance in Naturally Infertile Soils (Cerrado Region, Brazil)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1677
Author(s):  
Adrielle Rodrigues Prates ◽  
Aline Renée Coscione ◽  
Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho ◽  
Bruno Gasparoti Miranda ◽  
Orivaldo Arf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Infertile Soils ◽  
Composted Sewage Sludge

Naturally infertile soils require large amounts of mineral fertilizers to obtain the desired crop yield. In the Cerrado region of Brazil, there is a need to investigate the potential of organic fertilizers to sustainably increase crop productivity and food security. A field study was conducted over two experimental seasons to evaluate the agronomic effectiveness of composted sewage sludge (CSS) as a fertilizer for soybean cultivation in infertile tropical soils. A 4 × 2 + 2 factorial randomized complete block design was applied with the following treatments: (i) CSS: 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, and 12.5 Mg ha−1 on a wet basis applied according to two different methods: whole area (WA) or between rows (BR); (ii) comparison with two alternative treatments: a control with no CSS and mineral fertilizer application, and an area treated with conventional fertilizers only. All the treatments were compared in terms of micronutrient concentrations in surface soil and plant leaves, plant development, crop productivity, and yield. Bi- (ANOVA, correlation matrix, and polynomial regression analysis) and multivariate (PCA, principal factor analysis) statistics were applied to determine statistical differences and relationships/observed variability among the treatments. Results showed that at higher CSS-WA rates: (i) soil and leaf micronutrient concentrations increased; (ii) there was an increase in soybean yield by 12 and 20%, respectively, as compared to control and conventional fertilization; (iii) soybean yield was 67% higher than the mean soybean yields for Brazil. Research outcomes confirm the benefits of CSS application on infertile agricultural soils in the Cerrado region, representing a strong alternative source of micronutrients in the CSS with respect to conventional fertilizers.

scholarly journals Variation Among Full-Sib Progenies of Red Maple in Growth, Autumn Leaf Color, and Leafhopper Injury

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Townsend ◽  
M.S. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Autumn Leaf

Abstract Controlled pollinations made between selected parents of red maple (Acer rubrum L.), and seedling progenies were planted in a randomized block design along with trees of the cultivars ‘October Glory,’ ‘Autumn Flame,’ and ‘Red Sunset’. Tree height, autumn color, and leafhopper (Empoasca fabae (Harris)) injury were evaluated over an eight-year period. Differences among progenies and cultivars in leafhopper injury and in the time and quality of peak autumn leaf color were statistically significant for all years. These traits were significantly influenced by the female and/or male parent used to create the progeny. The timing of peak color was also influenced by a significant interaction between male and female parents. Growth rate and color intensity of the same progenies were generally consistent across years, whereas correlation for leafhopper damage was weak between years. Clonal selections from the best progenies have been made and are being evaluated for possible release to the nursery industry.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Biochar dan Kompos Terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays L.)

GEMA AGRO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petrus Kaliang Lelu ◽  
Yohanes Parlindungan Situmeang ◽  
Made Suarta
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Compost Treatment

This study aims to determine the effect of biochar dosage and compost fertilizer and its interaction on the growth and yield of corn crops. This experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) with a factorial pattern consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was the dose of biochar (B) consisting of 4 levels, namely: 0 ton ha-1 (B0), 5 ton ha-1 (B1), 10 ton ha-1 (B2), 15 ton ha-1 (B3). The second factor is the dosage of compost fertilizer (K) consisting of 2 levels: 0 ton ha-1 (K0), and 20 ton ha-1 (K1). The results showed that the interaction between the treatment of biochar dose and compost fertilizer had no significant effect on all observed variables. Biochar and compost treatment have significant effect to most observed variables, except on leaf area and harvest index have no significant effect. Treatment of biochar with a dose of 10 ton ha-1 gave the highest dry kiln seedlings weight of 7.83 tons increased by 35.60% compared to the lowest dose without biochar of 5.77 tons. Treatment of compost doses of 20 ton ha-1 gave the highest dry seed oven per hectare weight of 7.42 tons increased by 16.60% when compared with the lowest yield on treatment without compost dose as much as 6.37 tons.

scholarly journals Produção orgânica de quiabo variando coberturas de solo e turnos de rega

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (52) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Francisco De Assis Da Silva ◽  
Armando Rodrigues de Melo ◽  
Pedro Dantas Fernandes ◽  
José Dantas Neto ◽  
Diego De albuquerque Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
State University ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Bamboo Leaves ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Leaf Mulch ◽  
Experimental Plots

<p>The objective of this study was to study the effects of different materials on mulching in combination with irrigation shifts on okra growth and yield. The experiment was carried out in campus II of Paraíba State University, located in Lagoa Seca (PB), it considered four soil mulches (without mulch, banana mulch sheath, bamboo leaf mulch and plastic tarpaulin) and three watering shifts (24, 48 and 72 hours) and used a randomized block design with four replications in a factorial scheme, totalyzing 48 experimental plots, from March to August 2016. Growth variables and production components were evaluated. We had positive effects of soil cover on water saving. The most efficient coverings were white canvas and bamboo leaves, resulting in greater water savings in okra cultivation without harming plant production. It is important to highlight, however, the absence of significant effect related to irrigation shifts on okra development and production, due to the occurrence of rainfall during the period in which the experiment occurred</p>

scholarly journals Penetapan Rekomendasi Pemupukan N, P, dan K Tanaman Duku Berdasarkan Analisis Daun

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Desi Hernita ◽  
Rhoedy Poerwanto ◽  
Anas D Susila ◽  
S Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Leaf Analysis ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Lower Production

<p>Duku mempunyai perakaran yang dalam, sehingga sulit untuk memperoleh sampel tanah yang representatif pada daerah tersebut, sehingga lebih tepat menggunakan analisis daun. Status hara daun merupakan gambaran status hara aktual dalam tanah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan kategori status hara N, P, dan K, serta rekomendasi pemupukan optimum berdasarkan status hara tersebut pada tanaman duku. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Kumpeh Ulu, Kabupaten Muaro, Jambi pada Bulan Desember 2008 sampai dengan April 2012.  Rancangan penelitian menggunakan acak kelompok dengan lima ulangan.  Perlakuan dosis pupuk N (0, 400, 800, 1.200, dan 1.600 g N) , P (0, 500, 1.000, 1.500, dan 2.000 g P2O5), K (0,600, 1.200, 1.800, dan 2.400 g K2O/tanaman/tahun). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status hara N sangat rendah (&lt; 1,81%), rendah (1,81 ≤ N &lt; 2,82%), dan sedang (≥ 2,82%), status hara P sangat rendah (&lt; 0,09%), rendah (0,09 ≤ P &lt; 0,17%), dan sedang (≥ 0,17%), serta status hara K sangat rendah (&lt; 1,16%), rendah (1,16 ≤ K &lt; 2,19%), dan sedang (≥ 2,19%).  Rekomendasi pemupukan pada tanaman duku untuk status hara sangat rendah yaitu 858 g N, 1.770 g P2O5, dan 1.900 g K2O/tanaman/tahun, untuk status hara rendah, 588 g N, 1.335 g P2O5, dan 1.107 g K2O/tanaman/tahun, sedangkan berdasarkan pendekatan multinutrien 920 g N, 1.565 g P2O5, dan 1.488 g K2O/tanaman/tahun (biaya produksi terendah). Rekomendasi pemupukan N, P, dan K berdasarkan analisis daun dapat diterapkan pada pertanaman duku di Indonesia dan meningkatkan produksi serta kualitas buah duku.</p><p> </p><p>Duku has been deep roots making it difficult to obtain a representative sample of soil at the root zone, so the more appropriate used of leaf analysis. Leaf nutrient status was picture of the actual nutrient status of the soil. The aimed of this study was to determine leaf N, P, K level category and recommendation study determine the optimum fertilizer rate for each nutrient level category on duku plant. The experiment was conducted at Kumpeh Ulu District, Muaro Jambi Regency, in Jambi Province, from December 2008 to April 2012. Each treatments were arranged in randomized block design with five replications. The treatments were N (0, 400, 800, 1,200, 1,600 g N/plant/year), P (0, 500, 1,000, 1,500, 2,000 g P2O5/plant/year), and K (0, 600, 1,200, 1,800, 2,400 g K2O/plant/year). The results showed that leaf nutrient status of N was very low (&lt; 1.81%),  low (1.81 ≤ N &lt; 2.82%), and medium (≥ 2.82%), status of P was very low (&lt; 0.09%), low (0.09 ≤ P &lt; 0.17%), and medium (≥ 0.17%); status of K was very low (&lt; 1.16%), low (1.16 ≤ K &lt; 2.19%), and medium (≥ 2.19%).  Fertilizer recommendation  rate on duku plant for very low nutrient status were 858 g N, 1,770 g P2O5, and 1,900 g K2O/plant/year, low nutrient status were 588 g N, 1,335 g P2O5, and 1,107 g K2O/plant/year, multinutrient approach were 920 g N, 1,565 g P2O5, dan 1,488 g K2O/plant/year (lower production cost). Recommendation of fertilizer N, P, and K based on leaves analysis can be applied on duku in Indonesia and increase production and fruit quality of duku.</p>

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