Methane abatement strategies for cattle: Lipid supplementation of diets

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Beauchemin ◽  
Sean M. McGinn ◽  
Hélène V. Petit
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Abatement Strategies ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Forage Diets

A study was conducted to investigate the impact of several lipid sources that supplied mainly long-chain fatty acids (FA), for their potential to reduce methane emissions from growing cattle. Sixteen Angus heifers (initial weight, 325 ± 41 kg) were used in the experiment, which was designed as a crossover with two groups, four 21-d periods, and four dietary treatments: control (no added lipid source), tallow, sunflower oil, and whole sunflower seeds. Lipid sources were added to supply 34 g fat kg-1 of dietary dry matter (DM), bringing the total dietary fat content to about 59 g kg-1 of DM. Adding tallow increased the dietary proportion of saturated FA (47 g 100 g -1 of FA), whereas sunflower oil and seeds decreased the proportion (21 g 100 g-1 of FA). The basal diets consisted of mainly whole-crop barley silage (650 g kg-1 of DM). Compared with the control, ad libitum intake was reduced (P < 0.001) with sunflower seeds, but not with tallow (P = 0.13) or sunflower oil (P = 0.53). About 14% less methane was emitted per animal when diets contained tallow or sunflower oil and 33% less methane was emitted when diets contained sunflower seeds (P < 0.001), compared with the control diet (177.4 g d-1). Relative differences in methane emissions among lipid sources were maintained after correction for intake of DM or gross energy. The methane reduction caused by tallow and sunflower seeds was partly due to decreased diet digestibility. Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber in the total tract decreased (P < 0.05) by 15% with tallow and by 20% with sunflower seeds compared with the control, with only a numerical reduction from control for sunflower oil (12%; P = 0.11). Consequently, digestible energy intake was about 4% higher (P < 0.001) for sunflower oil, but 3% lower (P = 0.02) with tallow and 12% lower (P < 0.001) with sunflower seeds, compared with the control. All lipid sources reduced methane emissions by an average of 17% when corrected for digestible energy intake (from 11.22 to 9.34 g methane Mcal-1; P = 0.01). We concluded that adding about 3% lipid to high-forage diets in the form of saturated or unsaturated long-chain FA decreases methane emissions, and could have substantial effects on methane inventories if implemented commercially. All three lipid sources suppressed methane production, but sunflower oil has good potential for on-farm adoption because it had minimal effects of fiber digestibility, increased the intake of digestible energy and the rate of gain of cattle, and lowered methane production. Although tallow and sunflower seeds are usually cheaper sources of lipid than sunflower oil, their cost effectiveness as methane abatement strategies would also need to account for their potentially negative effects on digestible energy intake and performance of cattle fed high-forage diets. key words: Beef cattle, diet, fat, greenhouse gases, lipid; methane, oil

scholarly journals Energy partitioning and methane emission by sheep fed sorghum silages at different maturation stages

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 790-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.S. Machado ◽  
N.M. Rodríguez ◽  
L.C. Gonçalves ◽  
J.A.S. Rodrigues ◽  
M.N. Ribas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Energy Partitioning ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Gross Energy

Energy partitioning and methane production by sheep fed silages of three commercially available sorghum hybrids (BRS 610, BR 700 and BRS 655) harvested at three maturation stages (milk, soft dough and floury) were evaluated in open circuit respiration chambers. A complete randomized design was used in a 3 × 3 (hybrids × maturity stages) factorial arrangement, and the means were compared by the Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) test (P<0.05). The intake of dry matter, digestible dry matter, gross energy, digestible energy and metabolizable energy were not affected by maturation stage, but were influenced by hybrid. The net energy intake was influenced by maturity and sorghum genetics. The fecal output represented the main source of energy loss, as percentage of gross energy intake (48% to 52%), followed by heat increment (10% to 19%), methane emissions (4% to 6%) and urine (1% to 2%). There were no differences (P>0.10) among the treatments for the apparent digestibility of gross energy and metabolizability (qm). An interaction (P<0.05) between sorghum hybrid and maturation stages was observed for the efficiency of metabolizable energy utilization for maintenance (km), which ranged between 0.53 and 0.78. No differences (P>0.10) among treatments occurred in the daily methane production. There is substantial genetic diversity within sorghum species, determining different nutritional values. Sorghum genetics and maturity at harvest should not be an opportunity to reduce the contribution of agriculture to methane emissions.

Methane yields from Brahman cattle fed tropical grasses and legumes

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kennedy ◽  
E. Charmley
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Tropical Pastures ◽  
Brahman Cattle ◽  
Beef Herd

In the national greenhouse inventory, methane emissions from the Australian tropical beef herd are derived from cattle fed two diets. In the experiments reported here, methane production was measured by open-circuit gas exchange from 13 Brahman cattle offered 22 diets from combinations of five tropical grass species and five legumes, with a minimum of three steers per diet. All diets were offered daily ad libitum, with the exception of three legume diets fed without grass and leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) mixed with grass, which were offered at 15 g dry matter per kg liveweight. Diets were fed as long-chopped dried hay, with the exception of leucaena, which was harvested and fed within 2 days. For the data from cattle fed diets of grass and grass mixed with legumes, methane production could be predicted as 19.6 g/kg forage dry matter intake (residual standard deviation 12.3). Observed methane yields were not predictable from a stoichiometry, which used volatile fatty acid proportions in rumen fluid. Mean methane emission rates across all diets were equivalent to 8.6–13.4% of digestible energy intake, and 5.0–7.2% of gross energy intake. The latter values are comparable to IPCC (2006) recommendations (5.5–7.5%) for large ruminants fed low-quality crop residues and by-products. Methane yields per unit of ingested dry matter or digested organic matter were variable across diets but were related to digestibility and contents of fibre and protein. These results constitute a significant downward revision of the methane emissions attributable to the northern Australian beef herd grazing tropical pastures.

Dynamics of export potential of sunflower oil in Ukraine

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateryna Vasylkovska ◽  
Olha Andriienko ◽  
Oleksii Vasylkovskyi ◽  
Andrii Andriienko ◽  
Popov Volodymyr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The analysis of the production and yield of sunflower seeds in Ukraine for the period from 2000 to 2019 was conducted in the article. The comparative analysis of the gross harvest of sunflower seeds and the export of sunflower oil for the years under research was carried out. The dependence of exports on gross harvest was revealed and its share was calculated. It was determined that the export of sunflower oil has increased over the years under research, which indicates a significant Ukraine’s export potential. It was found that the increase in the share of exports by 15.9% was made possible by a qualitative change in yield, that was ensured by the changes in the cultivation technology and by the selection of sunflower hybrids that are better adapted to climate changes. The recommendations for further improvement of cultivation technology in connection with climate change in order to further increase yields and the export potential of Ukraine were given.

Growth, Feed Efficiency and Metabolite Concentrations of Cattle Fed High Forage Diets with Lasalocid or Monensin Supplements

1981 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Thonney ◽  
E. K. Heide ◽  
D. J. Duhaime ◽  
R. J. Hand ◽  
D. J. Perosio
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Forage Diets

PSXIV-4 Meta-analysis of the effects of monensin on growth and bloat of growing beef calves on pasture

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 468-469
Author(s):  
Shane Gadberry ◽  
David Lalman ◽  
Frank White ◽  
Sara Linneen ◽  
Paul A Beck
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Day Length ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Dose Study ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Forage Diets

Abstract This meta-analysis investigated the impacts of monensin on performance of stocker cattle on high-forage diets. The stocker performance analysis resulted from 38 experiments with 73 mean comparisons; bloat analysis was conducted with 12 experiments with 23 mean comparisons. The metaphor package (version 2.4-0) for R (version 4.0.3; www.r-project.org) was used to determine the overall effect size of monensin compared to a negative control. Each study’s n, means, and SEM or P-value was used to calculate the mean difference and estimate of within study variance for responses of interest. Moderators of monensin response considered in the analysis were delivery method, dose, study duration, initial calf BW, diet ME and CP, and forage category. Initial BW and basal ADG averaged 236 ± 45.9 kg and 0.72 ± 0.28 kg/day, respectively. In the ADG analysis the only significant moderator of those considered was length of the study (P &lt; 0.01), as duration of the study increased the ADG response to monensin decreased by 0.0007 kg/day. For the average 112-day length of study, the average monensin response is estimated to be 0.0784 kg/day increase in average daily gain. Sufficient information was presented in only 18 citations representing 40 mean comparisons for determining the effect of monensin on BW at the end of the experiment, estimated by (P &lt; 0.01) monensin response (increased ending BW, kg) = 22.3 – 0.05 (initial calf BW, kg). Thus, for the average initial BW of 235 kg the average monensin response is estimated to be 10.6 kg increase in average ending BW. The incidence (-20%) and severity (-0.7 bloat scores) of bloat was found to be reduced in bloat prone pastures. There is ample evidence that monensin increases performance of growing calves on high forage diets along with reducing the incidence and severity of bloat.

scholarly journals Interaction Between Nitrate and Sunflower Oil on Feed Intake, Rumen Methane Production and Microbial Population in Goats

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Khotsakdee ◽  
C. Yuangklang ◽  
S. Boonanunta ◽  
S. Paengkoum ◽  
P. Paengkoum
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Microbial Population

scholarly journals Effect of different long-chain fatty acids on cholecystokinin releasein vitroand energy intake in free-living healthy males

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte J. Harden ◽  
Adam N. Jones ◽  
Tannia Maya-Jimenez ◽  
Margo E. Barker ◽  
Natalie J. Hepburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Healthy Males ◽  
Cck Release ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Long-chain fatty acids have been shown to suppress appetite and reduce energy intake (EI) by stimulating the release of gastrointestinal hormones such as cholecystokinin (CCK). The effect of NEFA acyl chain length on these parameters is not comprehensively understood. Anin vitroscreen tested the capacity of individual NEFA (C12 to C22) to trigger CCK release. There was a gradient in CCK release with increasing chain length. DHA (C22) stimulated significantly (P < 0·01) more CCK release than all other NEFA tested. Subsequently, we conducted a randomised, controlled, crossover intervention study using healthy males (n18). The effects of no treatment (NT) and oral doses of emulsified DHA-rich (DHA) and oleic acid (OA)-rich oils were compared using 24 h EI as the primary endpoint. Participants reported significantly (P = 0·039) lower total daily EI (29 % reduction) with DHA compared to NT. There were no differences between DHA compared to OA and OA compared to NT. There was no between-treatment difference in the time to, or EI of, the first post-intervention eating occasion. It is concluded that NEFA stimulate CCK release in a chain length-dependent manner up to C22. These effects may be extended to thein vivosetting, as a DHA-based emulsion significantly reduced short-term EI.

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