EFFECTS OF VIRGINIAMYCIN ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PIGS FED BARLEY DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH SOYBEAN MEAL OR LOW-GLUCOSINOLATE RAPESEED MEAL

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. CASTELL
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Ad Libitum

Ninety-six pigs, fed ad libitum from 10 to 94 kg liveweight, were used to examine the effects of including virginiamycin, at 0 and 1.102 g/100 kg diet, in starter and grower diets containing a low-glucosinolate rapeseed meal (Brassica napus L. cv. Tower) or soybean meal. Virginiamycin supplementation significantly increased growth rates, by 4.6% pre 33 kg liveweight and 5.1% subsequently, but produced a nonsignificant (P > 0.05) improvement in feed: gain ratios (2.8 and 0.5%, respectively). Use of the antibiotic did not significantly affect carcass criteria. Using the oilseed meals at 7.5% in the starter period and 12.5% subsequently, replacement of soybean meal by rapeseed meal resulted in a decrease in growth rates (from 546 to 518 g/day, P < 0.05, and from 754 to 706 g/day, P < 0.01, respectively) and poorer feed:gain ratios (2.38 vs. 2.51 kg feed/kg gain, P < 0.05, and 3.69 vs. 3.85, NS, respectively). Carcass differences between the pigs fed soybean meal or rapeseed meal were not significant (P > 0.05). The results suggest that the extent of the response to growth-promoting levels of virginiamycin may be influenced by dietary components.

NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF LOW GLUCOSINOLATE RAPESEED MEAL FOR SWINE

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BELL
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Ad Libitum

Five swine experiments were conducted to evaluate rapeseed meal (RSM) of low glucosinolate content (Brassica napus L. cv. Bronowski). Two experiments involved 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% substitution of either Bronowski meal or regular (B. campestris) meal for soybean meal or fishmeal used in the control diet. One experiment compared ad libitum-fed and partially restricted pigs. Another experiment involved digestibility studies, and the final one involved methionine and lysine supplementation. As the dietary levels of either Bronowski or regular RSM increased in the ration, protein digestion coefficients decreased from 79 and 80% to 76 and 78%, respectively, and energy coefficients decreased from 82% to 79 and 78%, respectively. The protein and energy digestibility coefficients for Bronowski RSM were estimated to be 68 and 59%; for regular RSM, 65 and 54%. With barley–wheat–RSM diets, pigs responded to 0.1% methionine, but not to lysine (P > 0.05). Pigs fed ad libitum consumed more Bronowski than regular RSM diet and performed as well as pigs fed soybean meal diets.

scholarly journals Selection of the Root Endophyte Pseudomonas brassicacearum CDVBN10 as Plant Growth Promoter for Brassica napus L. Crops

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1788
Author(s):  
Alejandro Jiménez-Gómez ◽  
Zaki Saati-Santamaría ◽  
Martin Kostovcik ◽  
Raúl Rivas ◽  
Encarna Velázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Bacterial Microbiome ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Pseudomonas Brassicacearum

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is an important crop worldwide, due to its multiple uses, such as a human food, animal feed and a bioenergetic crop. Traditionally, its cultivation is based on the use of chemical fertilizers, known to lead to several negative effects on human health and the environment. Plant growth-promoting bacteria may be used to reduce the need for chemical fertilizers, but efficient bacteria in controlled conditions frequently fail when applied to the fields. Bacterial endophytes, protected from the rhizospheric competitors and extreme environmental conditions, could overcome those problems and successfully promote the crops under field conditions. Here, we present a screening process among rapeseed bacterial endophytes to search for an efficient bacterial strain, which could be developed as an inoculant to biofertilize rapeseed crops. Based on in vitro, in planta, and in silico tests, we selected the strain Pseudomonas brassicacearum CDVBN10 as a promising candidate; this strain produces siderophores, solubilizes P, synthesizes cellulose and promotes plant height in 5 and 15 days-post-inoculation seedlings. The inoculation of strain CDVBN10 in a field trial with no addition of fertilizers showed significant improvements in pod numbers, pod dry weight and shoot dry weight. In addition, metagenome analysis of root endophytic bacterial communities of plants from this field trial indicated no alteration of the plant root bacterial microbiome; considering that the root microbiome plays an important role in plant fitness and development, we suggest this maintenance of the plant and its bacterial microbiome homeostasis as a positive result. Thus, Pseudomonas brassicacearum CDVBN10 seems to be a good biofertilizer to improve canola crops with no addition of chemical fertilizers; this the first study in which a plant growth-promoting (PGP) inoculant specifically designed for rapeseed crops significantly improves this crop’s yields in field conditions.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Capacity of Beneficial Bacterial Inoculants to Enhance Canola (Brassica napus L.) Growth under Low Water Activity

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1449
Author(s):  
Dasun Premachandra ◽  
Lee Hudek ◽  
Aydin Enez ◽  
Ross Ballard ◽  
Steve Barnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Canola (Brassica napus L.) is the third largest crop produced in Australia after wheat and barley. For such crops, the variability of water access, reduced long-term annual rainfall and increasing water prices, higher overall production costs, and variability in production quantity and quality are driving the exploration of new tools to maintain production in an economical and environmentally sustainable way. Microorganisms associated with the rhizosphere have been shown to enhance plant growth and offer a potential way to maintain or even increase crop production quality and yield in an environmentally sustainable way. Here, seven bacterial isolates from canola rhizosphere samples are shown to enhance canola growth, particularly in low water activity systems. The seven strains all possessed commonly described plant growth promoting traits, including the ability to produce indole-3-acetic acid and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, and the capacity to solubilise nutrients (Fe2+/3+ and PO43−). When the isolates were inoculated at the time of sowing in pot-based systems with either sand or clay loam media, and in field trials, a significant increase in dry root and shoot biomass was recorded compared to uninoculated controls. It is likely that the strains’ plant growth promoting capacity under water stress is due to the combined effects of the bacterial phenotypes examined here.

Screening rhizobacteria for improving the growth, yield, and oil content of canola (Brassica napus L.)

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. Asghar ◽  
Z. A. Zahir ◽  
M. Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

One hundred rhizobacteria previously isolated from the rhizospheres of Brassica species were screened for their growth promoting activity in Brassica napus L. under gnotobiotic conditions. Results revealed that 58% of the rhizobacteria increased root length (up to 139%), 39% enhanced shoot length (up to 78%), and shoot weight (up to 72%) of Brassica napus L. Based upon growth promotion of B. napus seedlings under gnotobiotic conditions, 10 promising plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were selected and tested for their effectiveness in growth promotion, yield, and oil content of B. napus grown in pots. The pot trials revealed that inoculation with selected PGPR increased plant height, root length, number of branches per plant, stem diameter, number of pods per plant, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, and oil content over a range of 7–57% above the uninoculated control. These isolates were then assayed for their ability to produce auxins in vitro in the presence and absence of L-tryptophan. Regression analysis showed that in vitro auxin production by these bacteria was significantly related to the number of branches and oil content of B. napus. It is highly likely that improvement in growth and yield of the inoculated plants is due to an increase in the number of branches per plant, since there was a positive correlation of this growth parameter with the number of pods per plant, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, and seed oil content. Results indicated that simultaneous screening of rhizobacteria for growth promotion under gnotobiotic conditions and in vitro production of auxins could be a useful approach for selecting effective PGPR.

Analysis of embryo, cytoplasmic and maternal genetic correlations for seven essential amino acids in rapeseed meal (Brassica napus L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUO LIN CHEN ◽  
JIAN GUO WU ◽  
MURALI-TOTTEKKAAD VARIATH ◽  
ZHONG WEI YANG ◽  
CHUN HAI SHI
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Brassica Napus L

THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN, SULPHUR AND BORON ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF RAPESEED (Brassica napus L. and B. campestris L.)

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. NUTTALL ◽  
H. UKRAINETZ ◽  
J. W. B. STEWART ◽  
D. T. SPURR
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Poor Seed ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Sulphur Fertilizer

In northeastern Saskatchewan on Gray Luvisolic soils, rapeseed (Brassica napus L. and B. campestris L.) grown on many fields does not set seed, possibly because of deficiencies of S and B. Therefore, experiments were begun in 1979 to determine (1) the effect of N, S and B fertilizers on yield and quality of rapeseed; (2) if cultivars (B. napus and B. campestris L.) responded differently to these nutrients; and (3) nutrient and nutrient interaction effects of five rates of N, S and B in a composite rotatable design on yield and quality of the cultivar Regent (B. napus L.). Rates of up to 200 kg N ha−1, 50 kg S ha−1 and 2.8 kg B ha−1 were applied. The experiments were conducted on 13 sites. Nine were in N.E. Saskatchewan on Sylvania f1, Waitville 1 (Luvisolic) and Melfort sicl (Black Chernozemic) soils. Four were in N.W. Saskatchewan on Loon River 1 and Waitville 1, (Luvisolic) soils. In N.W. Saskatchewan there was a significant yield increase because of N (1.00 t ha−1) and S (1.06 t ha−1). In N.E. Saskatchewan on Sylvania f1, rapeseed yields were increased by 0.38 t ha−1 by a combination of S and B and by 0.78 t ha−1 by N. Sylvania f1 soils were lower in soluble B than other experimental sites. At other sites in N.E. Saskatchewan, N but not S increased rapeseed grain yield significantly. Significant response to a combination of S and B was obtained with the cultivar Regent, and both species of rapeseed responded to S fertilizer. Sulphur fertilizer increased the glucosinolate concentration in rapeseed meal at all sites. Sulphur increased oil concentration of rapeseed on all sites except one where frost damaged the crop and increased protein of grain on sites where there was yield response to S. Nitrogen increased protein of rapeseed grown on all sites whereas N combined with B decreased protein and increased oil percentage on all sites except Sylvania f1. The yield response of the cultivar Regent to B was not significantly related to soluble soil B. The combined yield response to S and B in relation to soluble soil S and B was significant (R2 = 0.60). Yield response of rapeseed to S was significantly related to soluble soil S (R2 = 0.35). In conclusion, S fertilizer solved the problem of poor seed set in rapeseed cultivars, but B also enhanced yield by decreasing the number of sterile florets and improving pod development. Key words: Nitrogen, sulphur, boron, rapeseed, oil, protein, glucosinolates

EFFECT OF RAPESEED MEAL AND UREA ON AD LIBITUM CONSUMPTION OF GRAIN RATIONS BY DAIRY COWS

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Ingalls ◽  
M. E. Seale ◽  
J. A. McKirdy
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Total Crude Protein

Three experiments were conducted with dairy cows to determine the effects of rapeseed meal and/or urea upon ad libitum consumption of grain rations. In corn, corn–barley and barley-oat basal rations, replacement of soybean meal (10%) by rapeseed meal (12–13%) resulted in a decrease in grain intake. Substitution of 1.4% or 1.6% urea (22% or 19% of the total crude protein intake) for soybean meal also resulted in decreased ad libitum grain consumption. A combination of rapeseed meal (6%) and urea (08%) was comparable to 12% rapeseed meal in effect upon consumption but less marked than 1.6% urea. No rations containing rapeseed meal had significant effects upon milk composition or production. In one experiment, a significant decrease in production occurred through including 1.6% urea in the grain ration.

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