Replacing skimmed milk powder by oat protein concentrate in milk replacers for piglets

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-521
Author(s):  
J. Delisle ◽  
J. F. Bernier ◽  
G. J. Brisson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Skimmed Milk ◽  
Skimmed Milk Powder

Two experiments were conducted with 24- to 72-h-old male piglets. In exp. 1, 24 piglets were assigned to three dietary treatments. In the control diet, 100% of the dietary protein originated from low-heat skimmed milk powder. In the other diets, either 25 or 50% of the milk proteins were replaced by oat protein concentrate. In exp. 2, eight piglets were assigned to each of two diets where 100% of the dietary protein originated from skimmed milk powder and 50% of the milk proteins were replaced by oat protein concentrate. In exp. 1, dry matter intake was not affected by treatments while body weight gain declined and feed to gain ratio increased significantly (P < 0.05) when oat protein concentrate replaced 50% of the milk proteins. Similar observations were made in exp. 2 regarding dry matter intake, body weight gain and feed gain ratio although digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen was the same (P > 0.05) for both the oat and milk protein treatments. Oat protein concentrate can thus replace up to 50% of milk proteins without apparent detrimental effect on dry matter intake and N digestibility; however, growth rate will be reduced. Key words: Piglets, artificial rearing, milk replacer, skimmed milk powder, oat protein concentrate, digestibility

scholarly journals Meat production of young and adult Kejobong goats fed diets with different protein concentration

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Nuning Ari Purnami ◽  
Endang Purbowati ◽  
Edy Rianto
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein

This study was aimed to examine the effect of dietary crude protein (CP) concentration on carcass and meat production in young and adult Kejobong goats. This study used 8 young (5 months) and 8 adult (9 months) Kejobong goats; which were allocated to a randomized nested design, with an age of goat as the nest, and treatment applied was dietary protein concentration (T1: 9.96%; T2: 14.66%). The parameters observed were dry matter intake (DMI), CP intake (CPI), body weight gain (BWG), and the production of carcass meat. The results showed that the DMI of adult goats (910 g/d) was higher (P<0.05) than that of young goats (680 g/d). The goats fed diet T2 had higher (P<0.05) DMI, CPI, and BWG (855 g, 140 g, and 94 g/d, respectively) than those of T1 (725 g/d, 80 g/d, and 59 g/d). Slaughter weight, carcass weight and carcass meat weight, and carcass meat percentage of adult goats (28.09 kg, 13.19 kg, 8.60 kg and 64.94%, respectively) were higher (P <0.05) than those of young goats (20.06 kg, 8.72 kg, 5.46 kg, and 62.06%, respectively). The weight and percentage of carcass meat of T2 (8.30 kg and 64.99%, respectively) were higher (P<0.05) than those of T1 (5.75 kg and 62.06%, respectively). The meat-bone ratio of adult goats was higher (P<0.05) than that of young goats (3.53 vs 2.85). The meat-bone ratio of T2 (3.58) was higher (P<0.05) than that of T1 (2.80). It was concluded that adult Kejobong goats produced more meat than the young ones, and the goat-fed diet with 14.66% CP produced more meat than that with 9.96% CP.

scholarly journals Excretions of Urinary Creatinine on Young and Mature Kacang Goat under Different Feeding Levels

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Nurul Mukminah ◽  
Edy Rianto ◽  
Endang Purbowati
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Creatinine Excretion ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Feeding Level

Abstract. This study was aimed to examine the excretion of urinary creatinine in young and mature Kacang goat bucks under different feeding levels. This study used 16 Kacang goat bucks consisting of 2 groups of age, i.e. eight young bucks (aged 6-7 months, weighed 12.75±2.68 kg) and 8 mature bucks (age 9-12 months, weighed 17.34±3.32 kg). The bucks were fed pelleted complete feed containing 78.82% dry matter (DM), 18.80% crude protein (CP), and 76.29% total digestible nutrients (TDN). The bucks were allocated into a 2x2 nested design with four replications. The treatment was the amount of  2.24% dry matter intake  (T1) and 4.48% of body weight (BW) (T2) for the young goat, while the mature buck was 1.87% and 3.74%, respectively. The results showed that DM, CP and TDN intake were significant different across ages and highly significantly different between feeding levels. Changes of urinary creatinine from week 0–12 showed no differences in the age group (142 mg/dl) and feeding level (143 mg/dl). Conclusively, age and feed level affected body weight, feed intake and creatinine excretion of Kacang Goat.  The more body weight gain (age) and feed level, the more urinal creatinine excretion in male Kacang goat. Key words: Kacang goat, ages, feeding level, and creatinine Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kadar kreatinin pada kambing Kacang muda dan dewasa dengan jumlah pemberian pakan yang berbeda. Materi berupa 16 ekor kambing Kacang jantan, terdiri dari 8 ekor umur muda (6-7 bulan) dan 8 ekor umur dewasa (9-12 bulan). Pakan komplit yang diberikan memiliki kandungan bahan kering (BK) 78,82%, protein kasar (PK) 18,80%, dan total digestible nutrients (TDN) 76,29%. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah pola tersarang 2x2 dengan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan pakan berupa jumlah BK pakan yang diberikan yaitu 2,24% bobot badan (BB) (T1) dan 4,48% BB (T2) untuk kambing muda, sedangkan kambing dewasa sebesar 1,87% BB (T1) dan 3,74% BB (T2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi BK, PK dan TDN berbeda nyata pada kelompok umur dan berbeda sangat nyata pada perlakuan pakan. Kadar kreatinin pada minggu ke 0-6 tidak berbeda nyata, namun pada minggu ke 12 berbeda nyata baik kelompok umur maupun akibat perlakuan pakan. Perubahan kadar kreatinin dari minggu ke 0-12 menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak nyata pada kelompok umur dan perlakuan pakan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kadar kreatinin semakin meningkat dengan semakin meningkatnya bobot badan (umur) dan pakan ternak. Kata kunci : kambing Kacang, umur, level pakan, dan kreatinin

scholarly journals Bovine milk derived skimmed milk powder and whey protein concentrate modulates Citrobacter rodentium shedding in the mouse intestinal tract

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5359
Author(s):  
Julie Cakebread ◽  
Alison Hodgkinson ◽  
Olivia Wallace ◽  
Megan Callaghan ◽  
Daralyn Hurford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Citrobacter Rodentium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Skimmed Milk ◽  
Skimmed Milk Powder

Skimmed milk powder (SMP) and whey protein concentrate (WPC) were manufactured from fresh milk collected from cows producing high or low Immunoglobulin (Ig) A levels in their milk. In addition commercial products were purchased for use as diluent or control treatments. A murine enteric disease model (Citrobacter rodentium) was used to assess whether delivery of selected bioactive molecules (IgA, IgG, Lactoferrin (Lf)) or formulation delivery matrix (SMP, WPC) affected faecal shedding of bacteria in C. rodentium infected mice. In trial one, faecal pellets collected from mice fed SMP containing IgA (0.007–0.35 mg/mL), IgG (0.28–0.58 mg/mL) and Lf (0.03–0.1 mg/mL) contained fewer C. rodentium (cfu) compared to control mice fed water (day 8, p < 0.04, analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Fisher’s unprotected least significant difference (ULSD)). In trial two, WPC containing IgA (0.35–1.66 mg/mL), IgG (0.58–2.36 mg/mL) and Lf (0.02–0.45 mg/mL) did not affect C. rodentium shedding, but SMP again reduced faecal C. rodentium levels (day 12, p < 0.04, ANOVA followed by Fisher’s ULSD). No C. rodentium was detected in sham phosphate-buffered saline inoculated mice. Mice fed a commercial WPC shed significantly greater numbers of C. rodentium over 4 consecutive days (Fishers ULSD test), compared to control mice fed water. These data indicate that SMP, but not WPC, modulates faecal shedding in C. rodentium-infected mice and may impact progression of C. rodentium infection independently of selected bioactive concentration. This suggests that food matrix can impact biological effects of foods.

Influence of phosphorus content on feed intake and weight gain in sheep

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (80) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Ozanne ◽  
DB Purser ◽  
KMW Howes ◽  
I Southey
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

In two experiments penned sheep were fed the dry residues from subterranean clover based pastures. Phosphorus levels in the pelleted residues, produced by varying the rate of superphosphate application, ranged from 0.07 to 0.23 per cent. In addition, a high phosphorus ration was produced by the addition of inorganic phosphate salts. This supplement raised the phosphorus concentration from 0.07 to 0.30 per cent of dry matter. In both experiments, increasing the concentration of phosphorus in the dry feed by higher fertilizer rates resulted in: increased dry matter intake; increased percentage of dry matter digested (at least in one experiment) ; more phosphorus retained by the sheep (although on feed containing 0.1 1 per cent phosphorus or less, losses still exceeded gains) ; and increased body weight gains. Increasing the phosphorus content of the feed by use of an inorganic supplement gave: a smaller increase in dry matter intake; decreased digestibility; positive phosphorus balances; and an increase in body weight gain of about half that given by unsupplemented feed high in phosphorus. The results indicate that for maximum animal production, phosphorus concentrations needed in the dry feed are higher than those produced by fertilizing legume-based pastures at the lowest rate that gives maximum dry matter production. Near linear responses in body weight gains were obtained up to phosphate fertilizer rates of about three times those needed for maximum pasture yield.

scholarly journals Effects of replacement of para-grass with oil palm compounds on body weight, food intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen functions and blood parameters in goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-929
Author(s):  
C. Buranakarl ◽  
S. Thammacharoen ◽  
S. Semsirmboon ◽  
S. Sutayatram ◽  
S. Chanpongsang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
By Products

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with oil palm frond (leaf) (OPF) with and without oil palm meal (OPM) on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal fermentation and growth performance in goats.Methods: Six female crossbred goats were fed for 28 days of 3 diet treatments; 100% paragrass (T1); 50% para-grass + 50% OPF (T2), and 30% para-grass + 50% OPF + 20% OPM (T3). Body weight, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, and urine volume, food intake, dry matter intake and water intake were measured daily. Nutrient digestibility was determined from five consecutive days of last week in each diet. Ruminal fluid, urine and blood were collected at the end for determination of rumen protozoa and volatile fatty acid contents, urinary allantoin excretion, blood cell count and chemistry profiles.Results: Goats fed T2 and T3 showed higher dry matter and nutrients intakes while protein digestibility was suppressed compared with those for T1. Crude fat digestibility declined in T2 but maintained after adding the OPM (T3). High fat intake by giving OPF and OPM corresponded to a higher ruminal acetate/propionate ratio (C2/C3) and serum cholesterol level. An increased urinary allantoin/creatinine ratio was found in T2 and T3 compared with T1, implying an increased number of ruminal microbes.Conclusion: Increased dry matter intake in T2 and T3 suggested that oil palm by-products are partly useful as a replacement for para-grass in goats. Replacement with the by-products increased plasma cholesterol level, which suggested that these products are a useful energy source. Changes in rumen parameters suggested an increased microbial number and activity suitable for acetate production. However, the limited digestibility of protein implies that addition of high protein feeds may be recommended to increase body weight gain of goats.

scholarly journals Use of Agriculture Byproduct and Swamp Grass as Matterial for Ammoniation of Total Mixed Fiber in Ration on Ballinese Cattle Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
A. Imsya ◽  
Muhakka Muhakka ◽  
F. Yossi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Daily Body Weight

ABSTRACT. This study was design to evaluated about  the using of total mixed fiber ammoniation  (TMFA) in ration on Ballinese beef performance. This study used an experimental method with Completely Randomized Design  (CRD) consisting of 4 types of treatmentt ration based on TMFA  usage level and 3 replications. The treatmentts were  R1 = 60% native grass (Control), R2 = 20% TMFA + 40% native grass, R3 = 40% TMFA + 20% native grass, R4 = 60% TMFA. The ration is added  with a 40% concentrate to obtain 100% ration. The comparison between forage and concentrate is 60:40. Parameters measured in vivo are performance   (ration intake, dry matter intake, crude protein intake, daily body weight gain and  ration efficiency).  The results showed that treatmentt significantly influenced (P <0.05) on  ration intake, dry matter intake, daily body weight gain and ration efficiency, but the treatmentt unsignificantly influenced (P>0.05) on crude protein intake. It can be concluded that the use of 60% TMF ammoniation in the ration shows the best result, that is  ration intake 6.89 kg/head/day, dry matter intake 6.25 kg / head / day, daily weight gain 0.47 kg / head / day and efficiency of ration 7.42%.Pemanfaatan Hasil Samping Pertanian dan Rumput Rawa  sebagai Bahan Amoniasi Total Mixed Fiber  (TMF) dalam Ransum Terhadap Performa Sapi BaliABSTRAK. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pemanfaatan amoniasi Total Mixed Fiber (TMFA) dalam ransum terhadap performa sapi Bali. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari R1= 60% rumput Raja (control),   R2 = 20% TMFA + 40% rumput Raja, R3 = 40% TMFA + 20% Rumput Raja, R4 = 60% TMFA.  Ransum ditambah 40% konsentrat untuk memperoleh 100% ransum. Perbandingan hijauan dan konsentrat adalah 60:40. Parameter yang diukur adalah konsumsi ransum, konsumsi bahan kering, konsumsi protein kasar, pertambahan bobot badan dan efisiensi ransum. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0.05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, konsumsi bahan kering, pertambahan bobot badan dan efisiensi ransum, namun perlakuan tidak memberi pengaruh yang nyata (P>0.05) terhadap konsumsi protein. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah  pemakaian amoniasi TMF 60% dalam ransum memberikan hasil terbaik dengan konsumsi ransum 6.89kg/ekor/hari, konsumsi bahan kering 6.25/kg/ekor/hari, pertambahan berat badan 0.47kg/ekor/hari dan efisiensi ransum 7.42%.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVITY DIETARY BAMBOO LEAF MEAL (DENDROCALAMUS ASPER) AT MILK PRODUCTION OF RABBIT DOE AND PREWEANED KIT MORTALITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Mubarak Akbar ◽  
Dyah Nurul Afiyah ◽  
Hyankasu Adeca Pandyambika Fatista Sitaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Dendrocalamus Asper

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of bamboo leaf on influence rabbit doe milk production and kits mortality during 3 weeks first of age. Thirty six does aged 6-12 months, divided into three blocks, of four treatment diets, were used in our replicity. The diet treatments used bamboo leaf meal: 0% (P0), 2% (P1), 4% (P2), and 6% (P3). The parameters observed were: dry matter intake, doe’s milk production, kits mortality, and kit as level: body weight gain. The results showed that supplementation of bamboo leaf meal increased (P < 0,05) dry matter intake whereas doe milk production, kits mortality, body weight gain of kits during 3 weeks experiment were not affected by bamboo leaf meal supplementation

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