FACTORS IN RELATION TO TUBER QUALITY IN POTATOES.: IV. TUBER METABOLIC STAGE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON TOTAL SOLANINE

1957 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Hilton ◽  
O. L. Gamborg
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Irish Cobbler ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Incandescent Light ◽  
Dormant Stage ◽  
Glycoalkaloid Content

Total solanine determinations were made on tubers of Netted Gem and Irish Cobbler potatoes that were (1) at sprouting and at fully resting metabolic stages; (2) illuminated with 15 w. and 150 w. incandescent light sources for 0 to 48 hours at 6-hour intervals; and (3) exposed to temperatures of 4 °C. and 12 °C. during the light treatments. Varietal differences in response were noted. Exposures longer than 6 hours made little change in solanine build-up, and the light treatments produced more effect than did the temperatures used. Sprouting tubers of Irish Cobbler showed a significant decrease in glycoalkaloid content; but under the same temperature and light conditions resting tubers of this variety showed a slight increase. Sprouting Netted Gem tubers showed little change after treatment, whereas in the dormant stage the solanine content decreased slightly under low light and increased after exposure to the 150 w. light source.

scholarly journals Environment and Sporulation in Phytopathogenic Fungi IV. The Effect of Light on the- Formation of Conidia of Peronospora Tabacina Adam

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAM Cruickshank
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Maximal Inhibition ◽  
Effect Of Light

Using a leaf�disk technique, an analysis of the effect of light on the sporulation intensity of P. tabacina was carried out. The following points were demonstrated: (I) Under conditions of continuous light, sporulation of P. tabacina is sensitive to very low light intensities. ED5!1 for inhibition of sporulation was 16 ftvV cm- 2 for incandescent light (4 f,c.), and 0�58 p.W cm-2 for a monochromatic light source (469 mpo) in the region of maximum effectiveness. (2) Dark treatments induced sporulation under otherwise continuous light conditions. The response was directly proportional to the length of the exposure to darkness over the period 1�5-7 hr. (3) The time of day at which sporulation occurred could be modified by adjustment of the time of day at which darkness was initiated. (4) Within the visible spectrum, the region exerting maximal inhibition on sporulation occurred at 450-525 mJL.

scholarly journals Impact of different light sources on broiler rearing environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla A. O. Lima ◽  
Irenilza de A. Nääs ◽  
Rodrigo G. Garcia ◽  
Rodrigo Borille ◽  
Fabiana R. Caldara
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Light Bulb ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Incandescent Light ◽  
Growing Period

Broiler production is highly dependent on the use of artificial light. The light source may affect the effectiveness of housing conditions due to increasing ambient temperature and concentration of noxious gases. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of different bulb types on the thermal, aerial, and acoustic environment of broiler aviaries. The experiment was carried out at a commercial broiler farm in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. Three aviaries were used, and two flocks of male broilers from Cobb® genetic strain were reared from the first day to slaughter. Each aviary was equipped with a different light source, comprising the adopted treatments (A1 - incandescent light bulb, control; A2 - sodium vapor light bulb; A3 - fluorescent light bulb). The aviaries were divided into nine quadrants, and the environmental data (ambient dry bulb temperature and relative humidity), litter surface temperature, CO2 and NH3 concentrations, and bird sound pressure behavior were recorded in each quadrant. The aviary with incandescent light presented higher air and litter temperatures, and concentration of gases than the other tested alternatives. It also presented higher level of sound pressure in the second week of the growing period; however, from this period up to slaughter, there was no effect of the light source on the results of broiler sound pressure level.

Organic Light Emitting Diodes - Innovative Light Sources

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Sergei A. Stakharny
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Organic Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Organic Leds ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Organic Light ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Physical Principles ◽  
Prospects Of Application

This article is a review of the new light source – organic LEDs having prospects of application in general and special lighting systems. The article describes physical principles of operation of organic LEDs, their advantages and principal differences from conventional non-organic LEDs and other light sources. Also the article devoted to contemporary achievements and prospects of development of this field in the spheres of both general and museum lighting as well as other spheres where properties of organic LEDs as high-quality light sources may be extremely useful.

scholarly journals Analysis on High-Power Seaport LED Luminaire with Uniform Light Distribution Based on Optimized Lens and Heatsink

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4035
Author(s):  
Jinsheon Kim ◽  
Jeungmo Kang ◽  
Woojin Jang
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
High Power ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Light Distribution ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Led Light ◽  
High Power Led ◽  
Distribution Requirement ◽  
Lighting Application

In the case of light-emitting diode (LED) seaport luminaires, they should be designed in consideration of glare, average illuminance, and overall uniformity. Although it is possible to implement light distribution through auxiliary devices such as reflectors, it means increasing the weight and size of the luminaire, which reduces the feasibility. Considering the special environment of seaport luminaires, which are installed at a height of 30 m or more, it is necessary to reduce the weight of the device, facilitate replacement, and secure a light source with a long life. In this paper, an optimized lens design was investigated to provide uniform light distribution to meet the requirement in the seaport lighting application. Four types of lens were designed and fabricated to verify the uniform light distribution requirement for the seaport lighting application. Using numerical analysis, we optimized the lens that provides the required minimum overall uniformity for the seaport lighting application. A theoretical analysis for the heatsink structure and shape were conducted to reduce the heat from the high-power LED light sources up to 250 W. As a result of these analyses on the heat dissipation characteristics of the high-power LED light source used in the LED seaport luminaire, the heatsink with hexagonal-shape fins shows the best heat dissipation effect. Finally, a prototype LED seaport luminaire with an optimized lens and heat sink was fabricated and tested in a real seaport environment. The light distribution characteristics of this prototype LED seaport luminaire were compared with a commercial high-pressure sodium luminaire and metal halide luminaire.

Changes in the Stoichiometry of Photosystem II Components as an Adaptive Response to High-Light and Low-Light Conditions during Growth

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 597-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aloysius Wild ◽  
Matthias Höpfner ◽  
Wolfgang Rühle ◽  
Michael Richter
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
High Light ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Pigment System ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
The One

The effect of different growth light intensities (60 W·m-2, 6 W·m-2) on the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus of mustard plants (Sinapis alba L.) was studied. A distinct decrease in photosystem II content per chlorophyll under low-light conditions compared to high-light conditions was found. For P-680 as well as for Oᴀ and Oв protein the molar ratio between high-light and low-light plants was 1.4 whereas the respective concentrations per chlorophyll showed some variations for P-680 and Oᴀ on the one and Oв protein on the other hand.In addition to the study of photosystem II components, the concentrations of PQ, Cyt f, and P-700 were measured. The light regime during growth had no effect on the amount of P-700 per chlorophyll but there were large differences with respect to PQ and Cyt f. The molar ratio for Cyt f and PQ between high- and low-light leaves was 2.2 and 1.9, respectively.Two models are proposed, showing the functional organization of the pigment system and the electron transport chain in thylakoids of high-light and low-light leaves of mustard plants.

scholarly journals Automated Microscopy: Macro Language Controlling a Confocal Microscope and its External Illumination: Adaptation for Photosynthetic Organisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Steinbach ◽  
Radek Kaňa
Keyword(s):  
Light Sources ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
Automated Microscopy ◽  
Photosynthetic Microorganisms ◽  
Arduino Microcontroller ◽  
Microscopy Data ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Photosynthetic Cells

AbstractPhotosynthesis research employs several biophysical methods, including the detection of fluorescence. Even though fluorescence is a key method to detect photosynthetic efficiency, it has not been applied/adapted to single-cell confocal microscopy measurements to examine photosynthetic microorganisms. Experiments with photosynthetic cells may require automation to perform a large number of measurements with different parameters, especially concerning light conditions. However, commercial microscopes support custom protocols (throughTime Controlleroffered by Olympus orExperiment Designeroffered by Zeiss) that are often unable to provide special set-ups and connection to external devices (e.g., for irradiation). Our new system combining an Arduino microcontroller with theCell⊕Findersoftware was developed for controlling Olympus FV1000 and FV1200 confocal microscopes and the attached hardware modules. Our software/hardware solution offers (1) a text file-based macro language to control the imaging functions of the microscope; (2) programmable control of several external hardware devices (light sources, thermal controllers, actuators) during imaging via the Arduino microcontroller; (3) theCell⊕Findersoftware with ergonomic user environment, a fast selection method for the biologically important cells and precise positioning feature that reduces unwanted bleaching of the cells by the scanning laser.Cell⊕Findercan be downloaded fromhttp://www.alga.cz/cellfinder. The system was applied to study changes in fluorescence intensity inSynechocystissp. PCC6803 cells under long-term illumination. Thus, we were able to describe the kinetics of phycobilisome decoupling. Microscopy data showed that phycobilisome decoupling appears slowly after long-term (>1 h) exposure to high light.

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