INFLUENCE DE L’ACIDE 2-CHLOROETHYLPHOSPHONIQUE SUR LA CROISSANCE DE LA FLEOLE DES PRES

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-796
Author(s):  
J. C. ST-PIERRE ◽  
M. J. TRUDEL
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Timothy (Phleum pratense L.) was grown in pots under controlled conditions. Solutions of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (Ethrel) at seven concentrations were sprayed on different plants at six stages of growth. Three cuts were taken on treated plants. Ethrel treatments increased tiller number at each cut. Dry matter yield was significantly decreased by applications of Ethrel at the first cut. Total dry matter yield of the three cuts was the same for all treatments, indicating that yields of the second and third cuts made up yield losses of the first one. Ethrel applications decreased the height of plants at the first cut only. The stage of growth, at the time of Ethrel treatments, also affected results but in a less well-defined manner than did the concentrations.

EFFET DE L’APPLICATION D’AZOTE ET DU STADE DE CROISSANCE A LA RECOLTE SUR LA PERFORMANCE DE LA FLEOLE DES PRES (PHLEUM PRATENSE)

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. ST-PIERRE ◽  
G. PELLETIER
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

An experiment was set up to determine the effect of time and rate of nitrogen fertilization and stage of growth at first cut on yield and digestibility of dry matter and protein content of two timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivars, at each of two cuts, No difference in yield or chemical composition was found between cultivars. Highest yields and crude protein contents were measured at rates of nitrogen fertilizer of 112 and 224 kg/ha. Higher yield and protein content were obtained with NH4NO3 applied totally or in split applications in the spring than with urea in the fall. Dry matter digestibility (DDM) was not affected by nitrogen at rates of 56, 112 and 224 kg/ha. First cut was taken at two different stages of growth, and the second cut was taken on the same day in all the plots. At anthesis, yields were higher than at the head stage but DDM and protein content were lower. The opposite was found at the second cut. Except in 1973, total dry matter yield was not affected by the stage of growth at first cut.

EVALUATION OF TIMOTHY CULTIVARS FOR VOLUNTARY INTAKE AND NUTRIENT COMPONENTS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. MASON ◽  
P. M. FLIPOT
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Flower Stage ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Five timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivars, Clair, Champ, Milton, Climax and Bounty, were harvested at first flower stage during 2 consecutive years and in the regrowth for 1 yr. The forages were each offered as hay to 15 young rams to evaluate voluntary intake. Five animals were used to determine initial harvest dry matter digestibility. The cultivars varied significantly in voluntary intake at first flower stage. The highest intake (g kg−0.75 d−1) averaged for the years was obtained in the early cultivar Champ (65.9), which was 10% more than that of the medium-late cultivar Climax. The cultivars did not differ significantly in dry matter digestibility. In the regrowth, the relative intakes of the cultivars were essentially reversed from that of the initial harvest. The voluntary intake was substantially higher but the differences among forages were less marked. Climax regrowth voluntary intake was higher (P < 0.05) than all cultivars, except Bounty. A 15% range in digestible dry matter intake was present among cultivars. The ranking of the culivars for digestible dry matter was different than for dry matter yield. Key words: Timothy, Phleum pratense L., voluntary intake, dry matter digestibility

INFLUENCE DU STADE DE CROISSANCE À LA PREMIÈRE RÉCOLTE SUR LE RENDEMENT, LA COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE ET LES RÉSERVES NUTRITIVES DE LA FLÉOLE DES PRÉS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL GERVAIS ◽  
J. C. ST-PIERRE
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Composition Chimique ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Food Reserves ◽  
Phleum Pratense L ◽  
Lower Stem

A 3-yr study on the stages of growth of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) at harvest showed that the dry matter yields increased, in the spring growth, with advance in maturity. The highest annual yield was obtained, however, when the first cut was taken at the bloom stage. The percentage of crude protein, fat and ash decreased and that of crude fibre increased with the age of the plant. The Ca, P, K, Mg, Na, Zn and Cu contents declined with maturity while the elements Mn, Al, Fe and B did not vary significantly. The food reserves in the lower stem internodes were low at the vegetative stage in the spring (11.7% of DM), but raised rapidly up to the bloom stage (33.9%).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Quantitative and Qualitative Traits of Wild Ecotypes of Forage Grasses

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Miriam Kizeková ◽  
Janka Martincová ◽  
Ľubica Jančová
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Wild ecotypes of Festuca rubra L. (four accessions), Poa pratensis L. (three accessions ) and Phleum pratense L. (three accessions) originating from Central Slovakia were investigated. Dry matter production, qualitative traits as well as mineral content were studied under identical soilclimatic conditions in a three-cut system. Yield potential of wild ecotypes of Festuca rubra L. coming from mountain regions was significantly lower (P < 0.01) when compared to Festuca rubra L. cultivar Levočská. In contrast, as a consequence of low variability, the dry matter yield of Phleum pratense L. wild ecotypes originating from higher altitudes was comparable to the dry matter yields of Festuca rubra L. cultivar Levočská. There were not noted any considerable differences found in the content of crude protein, fibre or mineral substances between the wild ecotypes and the cultivars. All accessions showed consistent patterns in seasonal distribution with the highest dry matter yield at the first cut and with the lowest one at the third cut. In general, concentration of crude protein and fibre did not vary considerably among cultivars and wild ecotypes at all species under uniform growing conditions.

The effect of temperature on quality characteristics in timothy (Phleum pratense L.) genotypes

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1017-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ames ◽  
A. R. McElroy ◽  
J. Erfle
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Improving the nutritive value of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) through breeding is dependent on selecting for genetic traits which directly contribute to ruminant digestibility. The identification of these traits is the goal of many forage researchers. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the leaf and stem digestibility of six timothy genotypes under different temperature conditions using two methods of estimating digestibility. Correlations between leaf and stem digestibility were not significant, suggesting that separation of these components is nessessary to clearly evaluate genotypic differences. Temperature had an important effect on digestibility, particularly for the stem fraction. Isolating leaf from stem and evaluating genotypes individually across temperatures may permit the identification of more simple genetic factors which control digestibility in timothy. Genotypic differences were observed at all temperatures. The rumen fluid digestion resulted in a much greater range within and among genotypes for both stem and leaf fractions. Genotypes tended to follow the same trends with respect to temperature using both techniques suggesting that only a portion of the dry matter digested by rumen fluid is available to the cellulases used in these experiments. Lignin content was measured for two of the most variable genotypes and the results showed that while levels increased with higher growth temperature, differences between genotypes are more pronounced at 10 °C for both leaf and stem. Key words: Digestibility, forage quality, lignin, temperature, timothy, Phleum pratense L.

FIELD EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF A UREASE INHIBITOR AND CROP RESIDUES ON UREA HYDROLYSIS, AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION AND YIELD OF CORN

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. TOMAR ◽  
P. C. KIRBY ◽  
A. F. MacKENZIE
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Urease Inhibitor ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
N Transformations

The effects of a urease inhibitor and crop residues on urea hydrolysis, NH3 volatilization and silage corn (Zea mays L.) yield were assessed on an Ormstown silty clay loam soil under field conditions. Chopped timothy straw (Phleum pratense L.) was spread on the soil surface at 0 and 4600 kg∙ha−1. Urea solutions treated with 0, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.74 kg∙ha−1 of an urease inhibitor phenylphosphorodiamidate (supplied by The Crop Science Laboratory, Allied Corporation, Solvay, N.Y.), and NH4NO3 solutions with no inhibitor were added as dribble bands to the soil surface at 0 and 75.0 kg N∙ha−1. Urea-N remaining in the soil over a period of 14 days following urea application was measured. The extent of NH3 volatilization was assessed by capturing and measuring NH4–N using plastic cylinders (micro-plots) over a period of 17 days following urea application. Dry matter yield of corn was obtained 114 days after planting. Hydrolysis of urea was relatively rapid and 3–26% of the applied N was hydrolyzed within 2 days following urea application to the soil. The higher rates of inhibitor application (2.0 and 3.74 kg∙ha−’) tended to reduce urea hydrolysis. The inhibitor rate effect increased with time though not always significantly. More than 50% of the added N was still present as urea after 4 days with some exceptions. At day 8, the amount of N that was present as urea ranged from 4 to 28% for the lower rates and from 20 to 37% for the higher rates of inhibitor applied. Almost all the added urea had disappeared by 14 days. Measured losses of NH3 by volatilization within 17 days never exceeded 1% of the fertilizer N. Addition of N resulted in 14% increase in dry matter yield of corn. Nitrogen source, crop residues and urease inhibitor had no appreciable effect on crop yield. Key words: Urea-N transformations, urea fertilizer, NH3 losses, urease activity, straw

scholarly journals Comparison of the Yield and Chemical Composition of Eleven Timothy (Phleum pratense L.) Genotypes under Three Locations in Poland

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1743
Author(s):  
Adam Radkowski ◽  
Jan Bocianowski ◽  
Kamila Nowosad ◽  
Elżbieta Piwowarczyk ◽  
Ewa Bakinowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Harvest Year ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Field trials were conducted in the years 2017–2019 at the Małopolska Plant Breeding in the Plant Breeding Stations in Polanowice, Nieznanice and Palikije. The trials were designed to determine the yield of some timothy genotypes in the context of chemical composition under different habitat conditions. The present evaluation of the strain quality shows a high potential for breeding. The analyzed genotypes produced high dry matter yields, which differed by as much as 53%. The experimental plots also differed in the crude protein content, which varied from 104.5 to 230.1 g kg−1 d.m., depending on the crop and year of harvest. For crude fiber, these values ranged from 173.9 to 274.8 g kg−1 d.m., depending on the crop and harvest year. The analysis of the mineral composition also revealed significant large variation.

INFLUENCE DU STADE DE CROISSANCE SUR LE RENDEMENT, LA COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE ET LES RÉSERVES NUTRITIVES DU LOTIER CORNICULÉ

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-762
Author(s):  
PAUL GERVAIS
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Composition Chimique ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Food Reserves

A 3-year study on the stages of growth of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) at harvest showed that the dry matter yield increased significantly, in the spring growth, with advance in maturity up to the midbloom stage. The highest annual yield was obtained, however, when birdsfoot trefoil was harvested at the full bloom stage both in the spring and summer growth. Maximum protein yield per unit of land was also obtained at the full bloom stage. In the spring forage, the percentages of crude protein, cell content, cell wall, lignocellulose, lignin, cellulose, ash and phosphorus and in the summer forage, the percentages of crude protein, lignocellulose, cellulose, ash and phosphorus decreased significantly with maturity. For all other constituents in both forages, the variations did not reach the level of significance. The accumulation of food reserves in the roots of birdsfoot trefoil in the fall was not influenced by the stages of growth at harvest.Key words: Lotus corniculatus L., growth stage, nutrient reserves, dry matter yield, forage quality, birdsfoot trefoil

THE EFFECTS OF ADVANCING MATURITY ON CRUDE PROTEIN AND DIGESTIBILITY OF MEADOW FOXTAIL (Alopecurus pratensis) AND TIMOTHY (Phleum pratense)

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1083-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
GWEN WALDIE ◽  
S. B. M. WRIGHT ◽  
R. D. H. COHEN
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

The crude protein content (CP %) and in vivo digestibilities of dry matter (DMD %) and protein (PD %) were determined on freshly cut monocultures of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and meadow foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis L.) from 19 June to 23 Aug. at Prince George, British Columbia. CP, DMD and PD declined significantly with advancing maturity for both grasses.Key words: Meadow foxtail, timothy, protein, digestibility

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