Changes in sugars and phenolics concentrations of Williams pear leaves during the growing season

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1203-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateja Colaric ◽  
Franci Stampar ◽  
Metka Hudina
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chromatography Method

Leaves of Williams pear were collected during the growing season from May to October and the contents of sugars and phenolic compounds were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography method. Sorbitol was the major sugar (up to 83.8 g kg-1 DW), followed by sucrose (up to 22.1 g kg-1 DW). Concentrations of glucose and fructose were as high as 12.9 and 9.0 g kg-1 DW, respectively. Leaves contained up to 29 471.9 mg kg-1 DW of chlorogenic acid, followed in concentration by rutin (up to 6789.2 mg kg-1 DW), epicatechin (up to 7378.0 mg kg-1 DW), catechin (up to 3846.5 mg kg-1 DW), vanillic acid (up to 1832.1 mg kg-1 DW), syringic acid (up to 1123.5 mg kg-1 DW), caffeic acid (up to 122.5 mg kg-1 DW) and sinapic acid (up to 94.1 mg kg-1 DW). The significant differences in concentration of sorbitol, sucrose, glucose, and in all analyzed phenolics were observed during the growing season (six sampling dates). The lowest concentrations in the leaf were found at the beginning of the growing season in May and June. The highest contents of sugars were in October, with the exception of sorbitol. During the growing season, total phenolic content first increased, then declined. Chlorogenic acid, rutin and caffeic acid contents increased until July, vanillic acid and sinapic acid until August, and catechin, epicatechin and syringic acid until September. However, total phenolic content dropped by 50% from September to October. Key words: Pear leaves, sugars, phenolics, growing season

scholarly journals Changes in Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) Juice Concentrate Polyphenols during Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6941
Author(s):  
Cláudia M. B. Neves ◽  
António Pinto ◽  
Fernando Gonçalves ◽  
Dulcineia F. Wessel
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Juice Concentrate ◽  
Rutin And Quercetin ◽  
Polymeric Color

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) juice concentrate is highly rich in polyphenols, particularly anthocyanins and flavonols, which have been associated with a wide range of health-promoting properties. Phenolic compounds, in particular anthocyanins, are unstable and may change during storage, which might influence the product color quality and its potential health effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the polyphenols profile of elderberry juice concentrate produced at an industrial scale during seven months of storage at 5 °C and at room temperature. The total phenolic content, the total monomeric anthocyanins, the percent polymeric color, and the ABTS•+ scavenging activity were monitored over time. In addition, the profile and content of the main individual phenolic compounds were also assessed by HPLC-DAD. The results show that cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercetin-3-O-glucoside were the main phenolic compounds identified. Storage at room temperature resulted in a strong reduction in total monomeric anthocyanin content accompanied by an increase in percent polymeric color values. Cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside degraded faster than cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside and cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucoside. Concentration of chlorogenic acid also decreased over storage, whereas rutin and quercetin-3-O-glucoside were quite stable. Storage at 5 °C caused a lower impact on the contents of anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid and the percent polymeric color was not affected. The total phenolic content and the in vitro antioxidant activity remained quite similar over the time, for both temperatures, suggesting that elderberry concentrates still preserve their health benefits of antioxidant capacity after seven months of storage.

scholarly journals Variety and Year Impact on Phenolic Content of Arkansas-Grown Sweetpotato Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 371-371
Author(s):  
Josue Bolanos ◽  
Sun-Ok Lee ◽  
Luke Howard ◽  
Cindi Brownmiller ◽  
Shahidul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic

Abstract Objectives Sweetpotato leaf (SPL) is a natural source of phenolic compounds with potential utility as an antioxidant. The study aimed to measure the impacts of the years on SPL total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity and to identify and quantify the individual phenolic compounds. Methods Sweetpotato leaves in 2018 (27 varieties) and 2019 (24 varieties) were grinded and lyophilized. Phenolic compounds were extracted with 70% ethanol from SPLs. Total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method and antioxidant potential was determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. Five SPL samples with statistically highest antioxidant capacity were identified and quantified by HPLC. All statistical analyses were carried out by SAS software using ANOVA. Statistical significance was accepted at P < 0.05. Results The average of total phenolic contents in 2018 SPL samples was 43 ± 13 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight (DW) SPL whereas in 2019, it was 53 ± 9 mg GAE/g dry weight SPL. Antioxidant capacity in 2018 was 110 ± 75 µmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/g dry weight SPL whereas in 2019, it was 132 ± 32 µmol TE/g dry weight SPL. SPL1 had the highest antioxidant potential, followed by SPL9, SPL3, SPL28, and SPL11 (P < 0.05). The concentrations of major identified phenolics from the five SPL samples (#1, 9, 3, 28, and 11) in dry weight of SPL were: chlorogenic acid at 3.05 ± 0.35 mg/g, 5-monocaffeoylquinic acid (CQA) at 0.71 ± 0.06 mg chlorogenic acid equivalent (ChAE)/g, 4-CQA at 0.99 ± 0.07 mg ChAE/g, 3,4-diCQA at 1.22 ± 0.18 mg ChAE/g, 3,4,5-triCQA at 1.2 ± 0.18 mg ChAE/g, and 3,5-diCQA at 15.5 ± 4.05 mg ChAE/g. 3,5-diCQA, the predominant phenolic, was present in the highest amounts in SPL1. Conclusions The results showed that sweetpotato leaves collected in 2019 contained higher total phenolics and antioxidant capacity than the ones collected in 2018. Phenolic compounds have strong antioxidant activity in Arkansas-grown sweetpotato leaves. This study warrants further investigation of sweetpotato leaves to be utilized as an antioxidant. Funding Sources The work was supported by USDA-NIFA.

Influence of rapeseed meal treatments on its total phenolic content and composition in sinapine, sinapic acid and canolol

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 1061-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Zago ◽  
Jérôme Lecomte ◽  
Nathalie Barouh ◽  
Chahinez Aouf ◽  
Patrick Carré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Total Phenolic

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHENOLIC COMPOSITION CHANGES IN SWEETPOTATO ROOT AND LEAF TISSUE DURING DEVELOPMENT

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 498C-498
Author(s):  
M.S. Padda ◽  
D.H. Picha
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of sweetpotato root and leaf tissues were quantified at different developmental stages. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical method was used to measure antioxidant activity and total phenolic content was quantified by spectrophotometry using Folin-Denis reagent. Individual phenolic acids were quantified using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content decreased with root development and leaf maturity. Roots at the initial stages of development (about 4.0 g root weight) had a higher antioxidant activity and phenolic content compared to fully developed roots. Phenolic content in fully developed roots was significantly higher in the cortex tissue than internal pith tissue. The highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity was found in cortex tissue at the initial stage of development (10.3 mg chlorogenic acid eq/g dry tissue weight and 9.7 mg Trolox eq/gdry tissue weight, respectively). Sweetpotato leaves had a significantly higher phenolic content and antioxidant activity than roots. Immature unfolded leaves had the highest total phenolic content (88.5 mg chlorogenic acid eq/g dry tissue weight) and antioxidant activity (99.6 mg Trolox eq/g dry tissue weight). Chlorogenic acid was the major phenolic acid in root and leaf tissues with the exception of young immature leaves in which the predominant phenolic acid was 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid.

scholarly journals Comparison of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Raw and Cooked Turkish Artichoke Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seda Kayahan ◽  
Didem Saloglu
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Microwave Cooking ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent

The objective of this work was to determine the total phenolic compounds and antioxidants in raw and cooked Sakiz and Bayrampasa variety artichokes in parts such as inner bracts, stems, receptacles, and outer bracts. The artichokes were cooked by boiling, microwaving, and baking methods, and total phenolic compounds and antioxidants of cooked artichokes were evaluated. While TPC (total phenolic content), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazine), and CUPRAC values for the leaves of raw Bayrampasa artichoke were found to be 686 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g, 478 mg TE/100 g, and 4,875 mg TE/100 g, respectively, TPC, DPPH, and CUPRAC values for stems of Sakiz artichoke were determined to be 1,579 mg GAE/100 g, 1,259 mg TE/100 g, and 3,575 mg TE/100 g. A significant increase in the content of TPC, DPPH, and CUPRAC values was observed for all cooking applications of both artichokes. DPPH and CUPRAC values increased by 11 and 43 times and 17 and 6.7 times after baking of Sakiz and microwave cooking of Bayrampasa, respectively. Chlorogenic acid, cynarine, and cynaroside content of both artichokes had an increment after all cooking applications. Chlorogenic acid content was improved 29 and 58 times after baking of Sakiz and microwave cooking of Bayrampasa, respectively.

scholarly journals Spent Coffee Grounds’ Valorization towards the Recovery of Caffeine and Chlorogenic Acid: A Response Surface Methodology Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8818
Author(s):  
Georgia-Christina Mitraka ◽  
Konstantinos N. Kontogiannopoulos ◽  
Maria Batsioula ◽  
George F. Banias ◽  
Andreana N. Assimopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Coffee Grounds

The amount of spent coffee grounds (SCGs) created, represents an environmental challenge worldwide. In this context, the aim of the present study was to exploit the potential of SCGs as a source of bioactive compounds that can be utilized in high value-added products. Thus, a cost-effective and environmentally friendly extraction technique was developed to ensure extracts with high total phenolic content and antioxidant activity, as well as significant amounts of caffeine and chlorogenic acid. Response surface methodology was implemented to evaluate the effects of the main extraction parameters (i.e., time, temperature, and ethanol-to-water ratio) and their interactions on the defined responses. The ethanol ratio was found to be the most significant variable. Then, a set of optimum values was determined (i.e., 7 min, 75 °C, and ethanol:water ratio 5:95), where the predicted values for responses were found to be 5.65% for the yield (Y1), 152.68 mg gallic acid equivalents per L for total phenolic content (Y2), 0.797 μmol Trolox equivalent per mL for the antioxidant activity (Y3), 30.5 ppm for caffeine concentration (Y4), and 17.4 ppm for chlorogenic acid concentration (Y5). Furthermore, the corresponding high experimental values from the validation experiment fitted well to these predictions, clearly clarifying the high potential of SCG extracts for use in high value-added applications.

scholarly journals Green Extraction of Six Phenolic Compounds from Rattan (Calamoideae faberii) with Deep Eutectic Solvent by Homogenate-Assisted Vacuum-Cavitation Method

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Cao ◽  
Junhan Li ◽  
Yu Xia ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Sha Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Protocatechuic Aldehyde

A homogenate-assisted vacuum-cavitation extraction (HVE) method with a “green” solvent (a deep eutectic solvent, DES) was developed to extract phenolic compounds from rattan (Calamoideae faberii). In this study, the optimum molar ratio of choline chloride (ChCl) and ethylene glycol (EG) was 1:3, the optimum volume ratio of ChCl-EG:H2O was 6:4, the solid-liquid ratio of HVE was 1:15, and the extraction time of homogenate and vacuum-cavitation were 2.0 min and 25 min, respectively. Under the optimum parameters of HVE, the extraction yield of total phenolic content with ChCl-EG solution was 6.82 mg/g. The higher total phenolic content was detected in fruit tissues (seeds 81.24 ± 1.55 mg/g, episperm 43.21 ± 0.87 mg/g, and arillus 38.47 ± 0.74 mg/g), followed by in leaves (sheath 19.5 ± 0.38 mg/g and blade 17.81 ± 0.33 mg/g). In addition, the content of specific phenolic compounds in aqueous and DES extracts was determined. Chlorogenic acid was the most abundant phenol in most organs of the rattan plant. Gallic acid was mainly distributed in the arillus; protocatechuic acid was mainly distributed in the arillus, sheath, and blade; protocatechuic aldehyde was mainly distributed in the blade, seed, and sheath; (+)-catechins were mainly distributed in the episperm, seed, and sheath; and epigallocatechin gallate was mainly distributed in the blade. The recovery rates of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, (+)-catechins, chlorogenic acid, and epigallocatechin gallate were 93.77%, 94.09%, 97.32%, 97.83%, 94.41%, and 92.47%, respectively, by AB-8 resin.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHENOLIC COMPOSITION CHANGES IN SWEETPOTATO ROOT AND LEAF TISSUE DURING DEVELOPMENT

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 503C-503
Author(s):  
M.S. Padda ◽  
D.H. Picha
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Antioxidant activity and phenolic content in sweetpotato root and leaf tissues were quantified at different developmental stages. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical method was used to measure antioxidant activity and total phenolic content was quantified by spectrophotometry using Folin-Denis reagent. Individual phenolic acids were quantified using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content decreased with root development and leaf maturity. Roots at the initial stages of development (about 4 g root weight) had a higher antioxidant activity and phenolic content compared to fully developed roots. Phenolic content in fully developed roots was significantly higher in the cortex tissue than internal pith tissue. The highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity was found in cortex tissue at the initial stage of development (10.3 mg chlorogenic acid eq/g dry tissue weight and 9.7 mg Trolox eq/gdry tissue weight, respectively). Sweetpotato leaves had a significantly higher phenolic content and antioxidant activity than roots. Immature unfolded leaves had the highest total phenolic content (88.5 mg chlorogenic acid eq/g dry tissue weight) and antioxidant activity (99.6 mg Trolox eq/g dry tissue weight). Chlorogenic acid was the major phenolic acid in root and leaf tissues with the exception of young immature leaves in which the predominant phenolic acid was 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid.

scholarly journals (184) Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Sweetpotato Cultivars Marketed in the European Union

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1017D-1018
Author(s):  
Malkeet S. Padda ◽  
David H. Picha
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Composition ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Dicaffeoylquinic Acid

Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were quantified in the principal sweetpotato cultivars marketed in the European Union. Total phenolic content, individual phenolic acids, and antioxidant activity in each cultivar were determined using Folin-Denis reagent, reversed-phase HPLC, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods, respectively. Significant differences in phenolic composition and antioxidant activity were found between cultivars. A Jamaican-grown, white-fleshed cultivar had the highest total phenolic content [4.11 mg·g-1 chlorogenic acid (dry tissue weight)], while the highest antioxidant activity [3.60 mg·g-1 Trolox (dry tissue weight)] was observed in the orange-fleshed California-grown cultivar Diane. Chlorogenic acid and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid were the predominant phenolic acids, while caffeic acid was the least abundant in most cultivars. The highest content of chlorogenic acid (0.42 mg·g-1 dry tissue weight); 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (0.43 mg·g-1 dry tissue weight); and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (0.25 mg·g-1 dry tissue weight) was present in the white-fleshed Jamaican cultivar. The orange-fleshed cultivars Diane and Beauregard had the highest content of caffeic acid (0.13 mg·g-1 dry tissue weight) and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (0.32 mg·g-1 dry tissue weight), respectively.

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF IONIC LIQUID [MIM]BR-BASED MAE ON RESVERATROL AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS EXTRACTION FROM GNETUM GNEMON SEEDS AND THEIR DPP-4 INHIBITORY ACTIVITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Arif Arrahman ◽  
Rezi Riadhi Syahdi ◽  
Hana Permatasari ◽  
Intan Fikri Purnama Sari ◽  
Abdul MunÍm
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Gnetum Gnemon

Objective: This study aimed to determine the inhibitory activity of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([bmim]Br) extracts of melinjo seeds(Gnetum gnemon) on dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4).Methods: Melinjo seeds were extracted by a [bmim]Br microwave-assisted method using various extraction parameters and the inhibitory activityof DPP-4 of all extracts was determined in 96-well microplates using Cayman inhibitor screening assay. Determination of trans-resveratrol contentwas conducted using a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method. The total phenolic content was determined using a 96-wellmicroplate reader. Data analysis for the determination of the optimal extraction conditions was developed by response surface methodology.Results: The extract obtained from the third run showed the highest inhibition (28.73%) against DPP-4 activity with the total phenolic content of1.96 mg gallic acid equivalent/g the seed powder.Conclusion: The analytical results revealed the following optimal conditions: Solvent concentration 1.5 M, liquid-solid ratio 23:1, and extraction time15 min.

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