Comparison of grain moisture vs. visual observation in selection for early maturity in barley

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-329
Author(s):  
S. M. Dofing
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Days To Maturity

The purpose of this research was to compare assessments of maturity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using growing degree days to maturity based on visual head color and percent grain moisture. Twelve barley cultivars were evaluated for 3 yr at Palmer, Alaska, using three harvest dates. Phenotypic and environmental correlation coefficients between growing degree days to maturity and grain moisture at harvest were high, and tended to be highest at earlier harvest dates. Key words: Barley, early maturity, selection

Growth, phenology, and yield components of barley and wheat grown in Alaska

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1227-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Dofine
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Early Maturing

The comparative growth, phenology, and yield components of three early-maturing barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were studied during the 1989–1991 growing seasons at Palmer, Alaska. Barley cultivars produced an average of 1.1 more leaves than wheat, and had a smaller (4.5 growing degree days/leaf) phyllochron interval. The early maturity of barley relative to wheat was due mainly to its ability to fill and ripen grain under cool conditions.Key words: Barley, wheat, subarctic, phyllochron

scholarly journals Comparison of seasonal thermal indices for measurement of corn maturity in a prairie environment

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1157-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Plett
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Thermal Indices ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Thermal Index ◽  
Heat Units ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Specific Stage

This study was initiated to determine (i) which thermal index — corn heat units (CHU), modified CHUs (mCHU) or growing degree–days (GDD) — was most consistent across years and locations and (ii) which maturity index — 50% silk, time to 30% grain moisture or time to 100% milk line — was the most consistent measure. Fifteen corn hybrids were evaluated at Morden and Brandon, Manitoba, over 3 yr (1988–1990). Correlation coefficients between total accumulation of thermal units from planting to first frost and thermal units required to reach a specific stage of maturity ranged from 0.283 to 0.969. The lowest correlations were between CHU and time to 50% silk. Coefficients of variation (CVs) were always lower for CHU than for either mCHU or GDD. CV was highest for time to 100% milk line but similar between time to 50% silk and time to 30% grain moisture. Correlations between ranking of hybrids across site–years was highest for mCHU. Overall ranking of thermal indices for consistency was CHU > GDD > mCHU. Time to 50% silk was the most consistent of the measures of maturity. Time to 30% grain moisture was a more consistent measure of maturity than time to 100% milk line.Key words: Maize, heat units, growing degree–days, milk line, grain moisture

Relationships among growing degree-days, tenderness, other harvest attributes and market value of processing pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars grown in Quebec

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Fallon, Nicolas Tremblay ◽  
Yves Desjardins
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
The Relationship

In Quebec, grower income from processing peas is a function of yield and tenderometer reading. If peas are harvested early, the yield is poor, but the overall quality is superior, as indicated by lower tenderometer readings. Later harvests result in g reater yields but reduced quality (higher tenderometer readings). A better understanding of the relationship between harvest time, yield and quality is needed. In this study, the relationships between yield, tenderometer readings, size distribution and grain moisture content were examined as a function of growing degree-days (GDD) and production year for pea cultivars of different seed size categories. Yield and harvest attributes (tenderometer readings, seed size distribution and moisture content) were highly season dependent and their rates of change over the course of the harvest period also varied with the cultivar and year. Quality declined rapidly once the crop reached optimal maturity, while yield increased in a less predictable manner. Consequently, it was difficult to identify a harvest time that would consistently maximize grower returns. The highest income was generally not obtained at the optimal tenderometer readings presently used by the industry. Key words: Maturity, harvest date, climate, fresh matter yield, tenderometer, pea size

Estimating Corn Growth, Yield, and Grain Moisture from Air Growing Degree Days and Residue Cover 1

1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Swan ◽  
E. C. Schneider ◽  
J. F. Moncrief ◽  
W. H. Paulson ◽  
A. E. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Grain Moisture

scholarly journals Differential Response of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to Salinity

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Hamid Ali Ghaloub ◽  
Saleem K. Nadaf ◽  
Saif Ali Al-Khamisi
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Stress Susceptibility ◽  
High Degree

Four elite barley cultivars (Jimah 51, Jimah 54, Jimah 98 and Jimah 136) along with two local cultivars, Beecher (late maturity) and Duraqi (early maturity), were investigated for their response to five levels of irrigation water salinity viz. control (1 dS m-1), 3, 9, 12 and 15 dS m-1 during the winter seasons of 2002-03 and 2003-04 in pots containing sandy loam soil. The results indicated that the main effects of years, salinity and cultivars were highly significant (p<0.01) with respect to all the characters studied. Among the interactions, the effects of year x salinity and year x cultivar were highly significant (p<0.01) for all the characters, whereas that of salinity x cultivar was highly significant (p<0.01) for only two characters viz. plant height and dry matter yield. However, 3-factor interaction was not significant (p>0.05) for any character. Adverse effects of salinity were evident in the cultivars for all characters. Salinity tolerance of cultivars was assessed using the concepts of both stress susceptibility index at each higher salinity level in relation to control (lowest salinity level) and mean value over the salinity treatments with respect to each character. Among all the cultivars tested, Jimah 136 was found to have a consistently high degree of salinity tolerance. All other cultivars, however, responded differentially to different levels of salinity for different characters. 

scholarly journals Growing Degree-day Influence on Sprigged Establishment of Two Buffalograss Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenton W. Peterson ◽  
Robert C. Shearman ◽  
Roch E. Gaussoin ◽  
Garald L. Horst ◽  
Walter H. Schacht
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Buchloe Dactyloides ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Harvest Dates

Attempts to establish buffalograss [Buchloë dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] turfs from sprigs have been limited and successful stand establishment has been inconsistent. This study was conducted to determine whether accumulated growing degree-days (GDD) and cultivar of harvested sprigs have an effect on buffalograss sprig establishment. Two field studies were conducted on a Tomek silty-clay loam (fine smectitic mesic Pachic Agriudolls) in 2007 and again in 2008. The cultivars Legacy, a hexaploid, and Prestige, a tetraploid, were used in this investigation. Sprigs were harvested and planted on 29 June, 17 July, 31 July, and 15 Aug. in 2007 and 15 May, 4 June, 19 June, 2 July, 21 July, 31 July, and 18 Aug. in 2008. The GDDs were back-calculated from these harvest dates. The harvest date of the sprigs represented 1050, 1380, 1670, and 1980 GDD in 2007 and 120, 380, 620, 840, 1200, 1400, and 1720 in 2008. Aboveground buffalograss phytomass and percent buffalograss groundcover data were collected in 2007 and 2008. In 2008, total available sugar and starch content of harvested sprigs were determined for each sprig harvest date. In the 2007 studies, sprigs harvested at 1050 GDDs resulted in the best establishment for both cultivars. In the 2008 studies, ‘Legacy’ established successfully through 840 GDDs, and ‘Prestige’ established through 1200 GDDs. Sugar or starch content did not appear to influence sprigging success. These results support the recommendation to establish buffalograss from sprigs harvested before 1050 GDDs for best results.

Productivity of corn hybrids of different fao groups depending on microfertilizers and growth stimulants under irrigation in the south of Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Yu. Lavrynenko ◽  
R. Vozhegova ◽  
O. Hozh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
The South ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the research is to identify effi cient microfertilizers and growth stimulants considering biologi- cal features of new corn hybrids of different FAO groups under irrigation conditions in the South of Ukraine and trace their impact on grain productivity of the plants. The methods of the research are the fi eld method – to study the interaction of the research object with experimental factors of the natural environment, to register the yield and evaluate the biometrical indices; the laboratory method – to measure soil moisture, grain moisture content and grain quality indices; the statistical method – to evaluate the reliability of the obtained results; the calculation methods – for economic and energetic assessment of the growing techniques used. The results of the research. The paper defi nes the impact of microfertilizers and growth stimulants on the yield and grain quality of the corn hybrids of different maturity groups and on the economic effi ciency of growing them. The conclusions of the research. Under irrigation conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine it is recommended that the following hybrids should be grown in dark-chestnut soils: early maturity DN Pyvykha, medium-early Skadovskyi, medium maturity Kakhovskyi and medium-late Arabat, using the growth stimulants – treating the seeds with Sezam-Nano and fertilizing with Grainactive at the stage of 7–8 leaves.

Evaluation of Finger Millet Varieties under Rainfed Condition of Eastern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Singh ◽  
VINOD KUMAR ◽  
SHAMBHU PRASAD
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Rainfed Condition ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Humid Environment ◽  
Use Efficiency

A field experiment was carried out during the kharif of 2014 and 2015 to evaluate the yield potential, economics and thermal utilization in eleven finger millet varieties under the rainfed condition of the sub-humid environment of South Bihar of Eastern India. Results revealed that the significantly higher grain yield (20.41 q ha-1), net returns (Rs 25301) and B: C ratio (1.51) was with the finger millet variety ‘GPU 67’ but was being at par to ‘GPU28’and ‘RAU-8’, and significantly superior over remaining varieties. The highest heat units (1535.1oC day), helio-thermal units (7519.7oC day hours), phenothermal index (19.4 oC days day-1) were recorded with variety ‘GPU 67’ followed by ‘RAU 8’ and ‘GPU 28’ and lowest in ‘VL 149’ at 50 % anthesis stage. Similarly, the highest growing degree days (2100 oC day), helio-thermal units (11035.8 oC day hours) were noted with ‘GPU 67’ followed by ‘RAU 8’ and ‘GPU 28’ at maturity. The highest heat use efficiency (0.97 kg ha-1 oC day) and helio-thermal use efficiency (0.19 kg ha-1 oC day hour) were in ‘GPU 67’ followed by ‘VL 315’.

scholarly journals Determining the critical period for weed control in high-yielding cotton using common sunflower as a mimic weed

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 800-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham W. Charles ◽  
Brian M. Sindel ◽  
Annette L. Cowie ◽  
Oliver G. G. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Planting Season

AbstractField studies were conducted over six seasons to determine the critical period for weed control (CPWC) in high-yielding cotton, using common sunflower as a mimic weed. Common sunflower was planted with or after cotton emergence at densities of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 plants m−2. Common sunflower was added and removed at approximately 0, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, and 900 growing degree days (GDD) after planting. Season-long interference resulted in no harvestable cotton at densities of five or more common sunflower plants m−2. High levels of intraspecific and interspecific competition occurred at the highest weed densities, with increases in weed biomass and reductions in crop yield not proportional to the changes in weed density. Using a 5% yield-loss threshold, the CPWC extended from 43 to 615 GDD, and 20 to 1,512 GDD for one and 50 common sunflower plants m−2, respectively. These results highlight the high level of weed control required in high-yielding cotton to ensure crop losses do not exceed the cost of control.

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