High fructose and high fat diet increased bone volume of trabecular and cortical bone in growing female rats

The relationship between fat and bone mass at distinct trabecular and cortical skeletal compartments in a high-fat diet (HFD) model was studied. For this, C57BL/6 mice were assigned to four groups of eight animals each. Two groups, each of males and females, received a standard chow diet while the remaining other two groups received the HFD for a period of 10 weeks. Male mice on the HFD were heavier and gained more weight (15·8 %; P< 0·05) v. those on the control diet or when compared with the female rats fed the HFD. We observed an increased lipid profile in both males and females, with significantly higher lipid levels (about 20–25 %; P< 0·01) in males. However, glucose intolerance was more pronounced in females than males on the HFD (about 30 %; P< 0·05). The micro-architectural assessment of bones showed that compared with female mice on the HFD, male mice on the HFD showed more deterioration at the trabecular region. This was corroborated by plasma osteocalcin and carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks (CTx) levels confirming greater loss in males (about 20 %; P< 0·01). In both sexes cortical bone parameters and strength remained unchanged after 10 weeks of HFD treatment. The direct effect of the HFD on bone at the messenger RNA level in progenitor cells isolated from femoral bone marrow was a significantly increased expression of adipogenic marker genes v. osteogenic genes. Overall, the present data indicate that obesity induced by a HFD aggravates bone loss in the cancellous bone compartment, with a greater loss in males than females, although 10 weeks of HFD treatment did not alter cortical bone mass and strength in both males and females.

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Flaxseed oil ameliorated high-fat-diet-induced bone loss in rats by promoting osteoblastic function in rat primary osteoblasts

Nutrition & Metabolism ◽

10.1186/s12986-019-0393-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fulian Chen ◽

Yan Wang ◽

Hongwei Wang ◽

Zhenhua Dong ◽

Yan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cortical Bone ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Bone Markers ◽

Maximum Load ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Flaxseed Oil ◽

Fracture Load ◽

Bone Volume ◽

High Fat ◽

Mineral Density

Abstract Background α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is a plant-derived omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid that is rich in flaxseed oil (FO). The effect of FO on bone health is controversial. This study aims to evaluate the effect of FO on bone damage induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and to explore the possible mechanism. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a normal control diet (NC, 10% fat), FO diet (NY, 10% fat), HFD (60% fat), or HFD containing 10% FO (HY, 60% fat) for 22 weeks. Micro CT and three-point bending tests were conducted to evaluate bone microstructure and biomechanics. Serum was collected for the detection of ALP, P1NP, and CTX-1. Rat primary osteoblasts (OBs) were treated with different concentrations of ALA with or without palmitic acid (PA) treatment. The ALP activity, osteogenic-related gene and protein expression were measured. Results Rats in the HFD group displayed decreased biomechanical properties, such as maximum load, maximum fracture load, ultimate tensile strength, stiffness, energy absorption, and elastic modulus, compared with the NC group (p < 0.05). However, HY attenuated the HFD-induced decreases in bone biomechanical properties, including maximum load, maximum fracture load, and ultimate tensile strength (p < 0.05). Trabecular bone markers such as trabecular volume bone mineral density (Tb. vBMD), trabecular bone volume/total volume (Tb. BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb. N), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) were decreased, trabecular separation (Tb. Sp) and the structure model index (SMI) were increased in the HFD group compared with the NC group, and all parameters were remarkably improved in the HY group compared to the HFD group (p < 0.05). However, cortical bone markers such as cortical volume bone mineral density (Ct. vBMD), cortical bone volume/total volume (Ct. BV/TV) and cortical bone thickness (Ct. Th) were not significantly different among all groups. Moreover, the serum bone formation markers ALP and P1NP were higher and the bone resorption marker CTX-1 was lower in the HY group compared with levels in the HFD group. Compared with the NC group, the NY group had no difference in the above indicators. In rat primary OBs, PA treatment significantly decreased ALP activity and osteogenic gene and protein (β-catenin, RUNX2, and osterix) expression, and ALA dose-dependently restored the inhibition induced by PA. Conclusions FO might be a potential therapeutic agent for HFD-induced bone loss, most likely by promoting osteogenesis.

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D-ribose-L-cysteine prevents oxidative stress and cardiometabolic syndrome in high fructose high fat diet fed rats

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 142 ◽

pp. 112017

Author(s):

Abodunrin Adebayo Ojetola ◽

Wale Johnson Adeyemi ◽

Ubong Edem David ◽

Temitayo Olabisi Ajibade ◽

Olumuyiwa Abiola Adejumobi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Cardiometabolic Syndrome ◽

High Fructose

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Propranolol and low-dose isoproterenol ameliorate insulin resistance, enhance β-arrestin2 signaling, and reduce cardiac remodeling in high-fructose, high-fat diet-fed mice: Comparative study with metformin

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120055 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 120055

Author(s):

Wael S. Ibrahim ◽

Hoda M.S. Ahmed ◽

Amr A.A. Mahmoud ◽

Mona F. Mahmoud ◽

Islam A.A.E.-H. Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Cardiac Remodeling ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Low Dose ◽

High Fat ◽

High Fructose ◽

Ameliorate Insulin Resistance

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Acute effect of high-intensity interval training exercise on redox status in the ovaries of rats fed a high-fat diet

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rd20326 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (12) ◽

pp. 713

Author(s):

Rodrigo L. Furtado ◽

Jonathan Elias R. Martins ◽

Maria Alice F. Oliveira ◽

Denise D. Guerreiro ◽

Naiza A. R. de Sá ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Interval Training ◽

Redox Status ◽

Female Rats ◽

Standard Diet ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

High Fat ◽

Antral Follicles ◽

High Intensity Interval

This study demonstrates the effect of a single high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session on the redox status of rat ovaries with excess adiposity. Forty Wistar female rats (mean (±s.e.m.) weight 94.40 ± 13.40 g) were divided into two groups and fed either a standard diet (SD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 62 days. At the end of this period, the rats were subjected to a single HIIT session and were killed 24 h after exercise. Both groups subjected to exercise (SDex and HFDex) generated a significantly higher antioxidant environment by presenting a higher thiol content, which represents a lower oxidation rate of GSH than their respective controls (SD and HFD). The percentage of morphologically normal primary follicles decreased, whereas that of antral follicles increased, in the SDex group. In addition, the HFD group had a higher percentage of degenerated antral follicles than the SD and SDex groups. Cells immunoreactive for α-smooth muscle actin were seen in the cortical stroma and thecal layer enclosing late secondary and tertiary follicles in all groups. Moreover, heme oxygenase and cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (Cyp19A1) labelling was seen in all antral follicles. Progesterone concentrations were significantly higher in the HFDex than SDex group. In conclusion, this study indicates that a single session of HIIT may result in an improvement in ovary redox status because of metabolic muscle activity by inducing physiological adaptation after exercise in a paracrine manner.

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Effect of long-term high-fat diet intake on peripheral insulin sensibility, blood pressure, and renal function in female rats

Food & Nutrition Research ◽

10.3402/fnr.v60.28536 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 28536 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Noemi A. V. Roza ◽

Luiz F. Possignolo ◽

Adrianne C. Palanch ◽

José A. R. Gontijo

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Renal Function ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Female Rats ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Intake

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Dietary supplementation with fish oil prevents high fat diet-induced enhancement of sensitivity to the locomotor stimulating effects of cocaine in adolescent female rats

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.05.013 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 165 ◽

pp. 45-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Katherine M. Serafine ◽

Caitlin Labay ◽

Charles P. France

Keyword(s):

Fish Oil ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Female Rats ◽

Adolescent Female ◽

High Fat

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Ezetimibe prevents hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat but not a high-fructose diet

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00442.2012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 305 (2) ◽

pp. E293-E304 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Masateru Ushio ◽

Yoshihiko Nishio ◽

Osamu Sekine ◽

Yoshio Nagai ◽

Yasuhiro Maeno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Fatty Acid Synthase ◽

Binding Protein ◽

High Fat ◽

High Fructose Diet ◽

High Fructose ◽

Element Binding Protein

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most frequent liver disease. Ezetimibe, an inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption, has been reported to ameliorate hepatic steatosis in human and animal models. To explore how ezetimibe reduces hepatic steatosis, we investigated the effects of ezetimibe on the expression of lipogenic enzymes and intestinal lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat or a high-fructose diet. CBA/JN mice were fed a high-fat diet or a high-fructose diet for 8 wk with or without ezetimibe. High-fat diet induced hepatic steatosis accompanied by hyperinsulinemia. Treatment with ezetimibe reduced hepatic steatosis, insulin levels, and glucose production from pyruvate in mice fed the high-fat diet, suggesting a reduction of insulin resistance in the liver. In the intestinal analysis, ezetimibe reduced the expression of fatty acid transfer protein-4 and apoB-48 in mice fed the high-fat diet. However, treatment with ezetimibe did not prevent hepatic steatosis, hyperinsulinemia, and intestinal apoB-48 expression in mice fed the high-fructose diet. Ezetimibe decreased liver X receptor-α binding to the sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c promoter but not expression of carbohydrate response element-binding protein and fatty acid synthase in mice fed the high-fructose diet, suggesting that ezetimibe did not reduce hepatic lipogenesis induced by the high-fructose diet. Elevation of hepatic and intestinal lipogenesis in mice fed a high-fructose diet may partly explain the differences in the effect of ezetimibe.

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The Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Early Changes in Arterial Function during High-Fat Diet and Its Combination with High-Fructose Intake in Rats

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9111552 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1552

Author(s):

Jozef Torok ◽

Anna Zemancikova ◽

Zuzana Valaskova ◽

Peter Balis

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Control Diet ◽

Sympathetic Nerves ◽

High Fat ◽

Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽

Fructose Intake ◽

High Fructose ◽

Wistar Kyoto ◽

Isolated Arteries

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the influence of a high-fat diet and its combination with high-fructose intake on young normotensive rats, with focus on the modulatory effect of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) on the reactivity of isolated arteries. Six-week-old Wistar–Kyoto rats were treated for 8 weeks with a control diet (10% fat), a high-fat diet (HFD; 45% fat), or a combination of the HFD with a 10% solution of fructose. Contractile and relaxant responses of isolated rat arteries, with preserved and removed PVAT for selected vasoactive stimuli, were recorded isometrically by a force displacement transducer. The results demonstrated that, in young rats, eight weeks of the HFD might lead to body fat accumulation and early excitation of the cardiovascular sympathetic nervous system, as shown by increased heart rate and enhanced arterial contractile responses induced by endogenous noradrenaline released from perivascular sympathetic nerves. The addition of high-fructose intake deteriorated this state by impairment of arterial relaxation and resulted in mild elevation of systolic blood pressure; however, the increase in arterial neurogenic contractions was not detected. The diet-induced alterations in isolated arteries were observed only in the presence of PVAT, indicating that this structure is important in initiation of early vascular changes during the development of metabolic syndrome.

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