Three-Dimensional (3D) Cell Cultures in Cell-based Assays for in-vitro Evaluation of Anticancer Drugs

Crosslinking is an effective way to improve the physiochemical and biochemical properties of hydrogels. In this study, we describe an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of alginate/gelatin hydrogels (i.e., A-G-IPN) in which cells can be encapsulated for in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cultures and organ bioprinting. A double crosslinking model, i.e., using Ca2+ to crosslink alginate molecules and transglutaminase (TG) to crosslink gelatin molecules, is exploited to improve the physiochemical, such as water holding capacity, hardness and structural integrity, and biochemical properties, such as cytocompatibility, of the alginate/gelatin hydrogels. For the sake of convenience, the individual ionic (i.e., only treatment with Ca2+) or enzymatic (i.e., only treatment with TG) crosslinked alginate/gelatin hydrogels are referred as alginate-semi-IPN (i.e., A-semi-IPN) or gelatin-semi-IPN (i.e., G-semi-IPN), respectively. Tunable physiochemical and biochemical properties of the hydrogels have been obtained by changing the crosslinking sequences and polymer concentrations. Cytocompatibilities of the obtained hydrogels are evaluated through in vitro 3D cell cultures and bioprinting. The double crosslinked A-G-IPN hydrogel is a promising candidate for a wide range of biomedical applications, including bioartificial organ manufacturing, high-throughput drug screening, and pathological mechanism analyses.

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Can keratin scaffolds be used for creating three-dimensional cell cultures?

Open Medicine ◽

10.1515/med-2020-0031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 249-253

Author(s):

Marta Bochynska-Czyz ◽

Patrycja Redkiewicz ◽

Hanna Kozlowska ◽

Joanna Matalinska ◽

Marek Konop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Cultures ◽

Chemical Activation ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Enzymatic Digestion ◽

Pepsin Digestion ◽

Cell Culturing ◽

3D Cell Cultures ◽

Associated Proteins ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Dimensional Cell

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) cell cultures were created with the use of fur keratin associated proteins (F-KAPs) as scaffolds. The procedure of preparation F-KAP involves combinations of chemical activation and enzymatic digestion. The best result in porosity and heterogeneity of F-KAP surface was received during pepsin digestion. The F-KAP had a stable structure, no changes were observed after heat treatment, shaking and washing. The 0.15-0.5 mm fraction had positive effect for formation of 3D scaffolds and cell culturing. Living rat mesenchymal cells on the F-KAP with no abnormal morphology were observed by SEM during 32 days of cell culturing.

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Advanced in vitro management of three-dimensional cell cultures and explanted tissue

Cytotherapy ◽

10.1016/s1465324921005156 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. S145

Author(s):

S. Kress ◽

D. Egger ◽

C. Kasper

Keyword(s):

Cell Cultures ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Dimensional Cell

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An in vitro pulp chamber with three-dimensional cell cultures

Journal of Endodontics ◽

10.1016/s0099-2399(99)80394-x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 24-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Gottfried Schmalz ◽

Uta Schuster ◽

Katja Nuetzel ◽

Helmut Schweikl

Keyword(s):

Cell Cultures ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Pulp Chamber ◽

Dimensional Cell

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Spheroids as a Type of Three-Dimensional Cell Cultures—Examples of Methods of Preparation and the Most Important Application

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21176225 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (17) ◽

pp. 6225 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kamila Białkowska ◽

Piotr Komorowski ◽

Maria Bryszewska ◽

Katarzyna Miłowska

Keyword(s):

Cell Cultures ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Disease Modeling ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Culture ◽

Matrix Interactions ◽

Vitro Model ◽

Extracellular Matrix Interactions ◽

Natural Cell

Cell cultures are very important for testing materials and drugs, and in the examination of cell biology and special cell mechanisms. The most popular models of cell culture are two-dimensional (2D) as monolayers, but this does not mimic the natural cell environment. Cells are mostly deprived of cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions. A much better in vitro model is three-dimensional (3D) culture. Because many cell lines have the ability to self-assemble, one 3D culturing method is to produce spheroids. There are several systems for culturing cells in spheroids, e.g., hanging drop, scaffolds and hydrogels, and these cultures have their applications in drug and nanoparticles testing, and disease modeling. In this paper we would like to present methods of preparation of spheroids in general and emphasize the most important applications.

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Three-Dimensional Cell Cultures as an In Vitro Tool for Prostate Cancer Modeling and Drug Discovery

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21186806 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (18) ◽

pp. 6806 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fabrizio Fontana ◽

Michela Raimondi ◽

Monica Marzagalli ◽

Michele Sommariva ◽

Nicoletta Gagliano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cell Culture ◽

Drug Discovery ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Cell Cultures ◽

Antitumor Agents ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Cell Culture ◽

Cancer Modeling

In the last decade, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture technology has gained a lot of interest due to its ability to better recapitulate the in vivo organization and microenvironment of in vitro cultured cancer cells. In particular, 3D tumor models have demonstrated several different characteristics compared with traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures and have provided an interesting link between the latter and animal experiments. Indeed, 3D cell cultures represent a useful platform for the identification of the biological features of cancer cells as well as for the screening of novel antitumor agents. The present review is aimed at summarizing the most common 3D cell culture methods and applications, with a focus on prostate cancer modeling and drug discovery.

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Ratiometric Nanoviscometers: Applications for Measuring Cellular Physical Properties in 3D Cultures

SLAS TECHNOLOGY Translating Life Sciences Innovation ◽

10.1177/2472630319901262 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 234-246

Author(s):

Charles McRae White ◽

Mark A. Haidekker ◽

William S. Kisaalita

Keyword(s):

Cell Culture ◽

Cell Cultures ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Low Cost ◽

3D Cell Culture ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Practical Applications ◽

3D Cell Cultures

New insights into the biomechanical properties of cells are revealing the importance of these properties and how they relate to underlying molecular, architectural, and behavioral changes associated with cell state and disease processes. However, the current understanding of how these in vitro biomechanical properties are associated with in vivo processes has been developed based on the traditional monolayer (two-dimensional [2D]) cell culture, which traditionally has not translated well to the three-dimensional (3D) cell culture and in vivo function. Many gold standard methods and tools used to observe the biomechanical properties of 2D cell cultures cannot be used with 3D cell cultures. Fluorescent molecules can respond to external factors almost instantaneously and require relatively low-cost instrumentation. In this review, we provide the background on fluorescent molecular rotors, which are attractive tools due to the relationship of their emission quantum yield with environmental microviscosity. We make the case for their use in both 2D and 3D cell cultures and speculate on their fundamental and practical applications in cell biology.

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In vitro evaluation of three-dimensional ultrasonography based on magnetic scanhead tracking

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology ◽

10.1016/s0301-5629(98)00098-2 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1161-1167 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Odd Helge Gilja ◽

Trygve Hausken ◽

Snorri Olafsson ◽

Knut Matre ◽

Svein Ødegaard

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

In Vitro Evaluation

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