scholarly journals A hypertension risk score for adults: a population-based cross-sectional study from Dubai Household Survey 2019

2021 ◽  
pp. e2021064
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mahmoud ◽  
Nabil Sulaiman ◽  
Amal Hussein ◽  
Heba Mohammed ◽  
Wafa Khamis AL Nakhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertension Risk

scholarly journals Predictors of non-fatal violence or assault among adolescents in rural Bangladesh: cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000676
Author(s):  
Ikponmwosa Osaghae ◽  
Md Al-Amin Bhuiyan ◽  
Olakunle Alonge
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

ObjectiveTo determine the predictors of non-fatal violence or assault among adolescents in rural Bangladesh to inform evidence-based interventions.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingHousehold survey and national census in 51 unions of rural Bangladesh.Participants, methods and main outcome213 782 adolescents aged 11–19 years who reported violence during a population-based survey in 2013. We used logistic regression to determine the prevalence of factors that predict non-fatal forms of violence or assaults among adolescents. Assault or violence was defined as all injuries inflicted directly by another person or resulting from collateral impact over a 6-month recall period.Results457 (0.21%) cases of violence or assault were reported. The adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) of violence was lower among female adolescents compared with males (PR: 0.60, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.78, p<0.001). Compared with the lowest socioeconomic quintile, being in a higher quintile was associated with lower prevalence of violence, with a 39% decrease in the adjusted prevalence of violence among adolescents in highest compared with lowest socioeconomic index (PR: 0.61, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.84). The adjusted prevalence of violence in Chandpur and Comilla districts was 7.30 times and 7.27 times higher respectively than the prevalence of violence in Sirajganj (PR: 7.30, 95% CI 4.07 to 13.10 and PR: 7.27, 95% CI 3.56 to 14.84, respectively). There was no significant difference in the adjusted prevalence of violence occurring in school compared with home (PR: 1.19, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.69).ConclusionMale adolescents may be at an increased risk of suffering violence, and socioeconomic factors and place (districts) are strong predictors of adolescent violence among a selected population in rural Bangladesh. These findings are important in guiding interventions to address the burden of violence among adolescents in communities with similar demographics as our study population. Further research is needed to identify the actual burden of violence among adolescents at national level and to establish an effective violence prevention programme across Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Prevalence of disabilities and non-communicable diseases in an elderly population in the Telangana state, India: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e041755
Author(s):  
Srinivas Marmamula ◽  
Satya Brahmanandam Modepalli ◽  
Thirupathi Reddy Kumbham ◽  
Rajesh Challa ◽  
Jill E Keeffe
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of disabilities (vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care and communication) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the elderly population in two districts in Telangana, India.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a cluster random sampling method to select the study clusters.SettingElderly population in Khammam and Warangal districts were recruited. Detailed interviews were conducted by trained community health workers. Personal and demographic information such as age, gender, level of education and a self-report of NCDs was collected. The Washington Disability Questionnaire was administered to assess the presence of disabilities.Participants1821 participants aged ≥60 years, 54.5% were women, and 73.3% had no education.Primary outcome measurePrevalence of disabilities and NCDs.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of at least disability was 20.3% (95% CI 16.3 to 24.9). The prevalence of self- reported disabilities were: seeing (5.9%; 95% CI 4.4 to 7.8), mobility (12.8%; 95% CI 9.7 to 16.8), hearing (3.6%; 95% CI 2.7 to 4.8), cognition (4.8%; 95% CI 3.5 to 6.7), self-care (3.3%; 95% CI 2.3 to 4.7) and communication (1.8%; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6). Overall, the prevalence of at least one NCD was 34.2% (95% CI 30.9 to 37.7). Hypertension was the most common systemic condition (25.4%; 95% CI 22.4 to 28.7), followed by diabetes (9.0%; 95% CI 7.3 to 11.0), and body pains (muscle-skeletal) (9.9%; 95% CI 8.1 to 12.2).ConclusionEvery fifth elderly person in the districts of Khammam and Warangal in Telangana had at least one self-reported disability. Besides, a third of the elderly had at least one NCD. There is a definite need to develop comprehensive public health strategies to address disabilities and NCDs in Telangana.

scholarly journals Myopia, corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in a Japanese population-based cross-sectional study: the JPHC-NEXT Eye Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naohiko Aketa ◽  
Miki Uchino ◽  
Motoko Kawashima ◽  
Yuichi Uchino ◽  
Kenya Yuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density

AbstractThis population-based cross-sectional study was performed to determine the mean corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV), and hexagonality (HEX), and their associations with myopia in Japanese adults living in Chikusei city. Of 7109 participants with available data, 5713 (2331 male and 3382 female) participants were eligible for analysis. After assessing the relationship between participant characteristics and spherical equivalent refraction (SER), the association of SER with the abnormal value of ECD (< 2000 cells/mm), CV (≥ 0.40), and HEX (≤ 50%) were determined using the logistic regression models adjusting for potential confounders (age, intraocular pressure, keratometric power, height, and antihypertensive drug use). In male participants, there was no statistically significant relationships between SER and endothelial parameters. In female participants, compared to emmetropia, SER ≤ − 6 D had significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of having the abnormal value of CV (OR = 2.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39–3.10) and HEX (OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.29–3.23), adjusted for potential confounders, indicating that the high myopia was associated with the abnormal values of CV and HEX. Further adjustment for contact lenses wear partly attenuated these associations. Association between the SER and ECD was not detected.

scholarly journals PTSD and complex PTSD in adolescence: discriminating factors in a population-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1890937
Author(s):  
Ieva Daniunaite ◽  
Marylene Cloitre ◽  
Thanos Karatzias ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Siri Thoresen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Complex Ptsd ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Association between oral health and thyroid disorders: a population based cross‐sectional study

Oral Diseases ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minsu Kwon ◽  
Yu‐Jin Jeong ◽  
Jiwon Kwak ◽  
Kwang‐Yoon Jung ◽  
Seung‐Kuk Baek
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional
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