scholarly journals n-3 LC-PUFA Enrichment Protocol for Red Earthworm, Eisenia fetida: A Cheap and Sustainable Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (07) ◽  
pp. 333-346
Author(s):  
Metin Kumlu ◽  
Asuman Beksari ◽  
Hatice Asuman Yilmaz ◽  
Merve Sariipek ◽  
Enes Kinay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Dose Time ◽  
Anchovy Oil ◽  
Enrichment Protocol ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Enrichment Efficiency

This study assessed the potential of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) enrichment in red earthworm (Eisenia fetida, REW), via the addition of fish oil (FO, anchovy oil) to the culture-compost. FO addition to compost was tested at graded inclusion doses (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 g/100 g compost) and for different timeperiods, up to 96h. Dose, time, as well as dose and time interactions of FO compost enrichment had significant effects on all fatty acids of earthworm bodies. The enrichment with 10 g FO/100 g compost sharply increased DHA levels of the worms (14.01 mol%) within just 24 h, compared to the control group (0.92 mol%). Similar increases (ranging between 10.99 and 15.55 mol%) occurred only after 48 and 96 h in lower FO enrichment levels (2.5 and 5.0 g/100 g compost, respectively). Therefore, it was concluded that, to obtain maximum n-3 LC-PUFA enrichment efficiency in REW, an enrichment period of 24 h is ideal and recommended for the 10 g FO/ 100 g compost, whereas longer enrichment periods (48-96 h) are more suitable for lower levels of FO inclusions (2.5 or 5 g/100 g compost).

scholarly journals Successful high‐level accumulation of fish oil omega‐3 long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in a transgenic oilseed crop

2013 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi Ruiz‐Lopez ◽  
Richard P. Haslam ◽  
Johnathan A. Napier ◽  
Olga Sayanova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Level ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals What Is the Most Effective Way of Increasing the Bioavailability of Dietary Long Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids—Daily vs. Weekly Administration of Fish Oil?

Nutrients ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 5628-5645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaneh Ghasemifard ◽  
Andrew Sinclair ◽  
Gunveen Kaur ◽  
Paul Lewandowski ◽  
Giovanni Turchini
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Weekly Administration ◽  
Long Chain

Biomass Production and Fatty Acids Long Chain Polyunsaturated Omega 3 (LC-PUFAs) Chilean Strain Using Thraustochytrids

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
David Silva ◽  
Gabriel Cortínez ◽  
Benita H. Quilodrán
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Marine Protists ◽  
Long Chain

Global utilization of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) has increased steadily in the last decade which has imposed a huge demand for fish oil as it is currently the only source capable of sustaining the enormous commercial requirements this input worldwide. They are currently using various microorganisms to produce single cells oil (SCO) high in LC-PUFAs, within which highlights the thraustochytrids (TH). The TH is a group of marine protists (pseudofungi) with capacity to produce LC-PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). In this study the chilean VAL-B1 strain was grown in glucose, starch and glycerol being obtained biomass production and LC-PUFAs. Biomass values ​​obtained were 1.02 ± 0.32 g/L, 1.25 ± 0.44 g/L and 1.44 ± 0.27 g/L of glucose, glycerol and starch respectively. The profile of LC-PUFAs showed a percentage of omega-3 fatty acids on glucose of 59.34%, 61.50% in starch and glycerol of 47.86%. The greater this value was to omega-3 DHA when starch was used, with 68.16 mg/g being greater than 45.77 mg/g glycerol and 63.89 mg/g in glucose. Therefore, we conclude that VAL-B1 produces more biomass has greater value of omega-3 LC-PUFAs and greater concentration of DHA when starch is used as a source of substrate for cultures.

scholarly journals Nutritional evaluation of microalgae oils rich in omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids as an alternative for fish oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 393-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline Ryckebosch ◽  
Charlotte Bruneel ◽  
Romina Termote-Verhalle ◽  
Koen Goiris ◽  
Koenraad Muylaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Nutritional Evaluation ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Effects of dietary fish oil on the composition and stability of turkey depot fat

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Neudoerffer ◽  
C. H. Lea
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Anchovy Oil ◽  
Nutritional Effects

1. Beef fat (2.5%) and anchovy oil (2.5%; 2.5% plus 0.02% ethoxyquin; 5%) were incorporated into isocaloric cereal-based diets A, B, C and D and given to turkeys from 2 to 10 weeks of age. Diets A, B, and C contained 13 and diet D 26 i.u. α-tocopheryl acetate/kg. The lipids of diets B and D, which contained fish oil without ethoxyquin, autoxidized in the feeding troughs, but not seriously in the brief period of exposure permitted. 2. The birds all remained healthy and grew well, the only nutritional effects of the fish oil being a depressed storage of vitamin A in the liver at both levels of feeding (prevented by ethoxyquin) and a slightly adverse effect, at the higher level only, on food conversion ratio. 3. The skin fats of the birds given fish oil contained seven major and two minor fatty acids, derived from the fish oil, which were not present in the skin of the control group given beef fat, as well as one major fish oil acid present in much greater concentration in the birds given fish oil than in the controls. All these acids were present in the skin fats at about half or two-thirds of their concentrations in the dietary lipid, except for acid 22:5, which reached two or three times this level. 4. The stabilities towards autoxidation of the skin fats decreased in the order A > C > B > D, as their content of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased, but the greater stability of group C as compared with B was probably due, in the main, to the higher tocopherol content of the skin fat of the birds on the ethoxyquin-containing diet. Fishy flavours which developed on cooking showed a similar relationship to diet.

scholarly journals Supplementation With Omega 3 in a Diet With Omega 9 Fatty Acids. Study on Serum, Thymus and Brain of Growing Rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 589-589
Author(s):  
Anabel Impa Condori ◽  
María Godoy ◽  
Inés Fernandez ◽  
Nora Slobodianik ◽  
María Feliu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Growing Rat ◽  
Group Control Group ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

Abstract Objectives Fatty acids have an important role in nutrition. The objective was to analyze the effect of diet containing olive oil, with and without the supplementation with omega 3, on serum, thymus and brain's fatty acid profiles of growing rats. Methods Weanling Wistar rats fed during 10 days a diet containing olive oil as fat (O group). Other group received the same diet supplemented with 24mg/day of fish oil (OS group). Control group(C) received diet according AIN´93. Serum, thymus and brain's fatty acids profiles were determined by gas chromatography. Statistical analysis used ANOVA. Results Results (%Area) were expressed as the Mean ± SD: SERUM: OLEIC O:23.44 ± 3.68a;  OS:18.31 ± 2.22a;  C:10.60 ± 2.01b;  LINOLEIC(LA) O:12.44 ± 1.65b;  OS:12.98 ± 4.31b;  C:18.27 ± 2.81a;  LINOLENIC(ALA) O:0.30 ± 0.09b;  OS:0.32 ± 0.08b;  C:0.92 ± 0.34a;  EPA O:0.65 ± 0.17b;  OS:1.63 ± 0.49a;  C:0.80 ± 0.23b;  DHA: O:1.57 ± 0.58b;  OS:4.00 ± 1.70a;  C:1.33 ± 0.19b. THYMUS: OLEIC O:21.54 ± 5.92;  OS:24.40 ± 5.04;  C:18.22 ± 3.23;  LINOLEIC O:5.90 ± 0.56b;  OS:6.50 ± 0.61b;  C:10.89 ± 2.18a;  ALA O:0.27 ± 0.02b;  OS:0.30 ± 0.07b;  C:0.49 ± 0.19a;  EPA O:0.49 ± 0.28;  OS:0.50 ± 0.13;  C:0.50 ± 0.12;  DHA O:0.47 ± 0.10b;  OS:0.70 ± 0.12a;  C:0.52 ± 0.16b. BRAIN: OLEIC O:13.11 ± 2.64;  OS:12.94 ± 1.07;  C:13.14 ± 1.56;  LA O:1.17 ± 0.46;  OS:1.05 ± 0.33;  C:1.26 ± 0.19;  ALA O:0.15 ± 0.03;  OS:0.12 ± 0.04;  C:0.16 ± 0.06;  EPA O:0.46 ± 0.18;  OS:0.38 ± 0.09;  C:0.33 ± 0.07;  DHA: O:11.39 ± 2.04;  OS:11.32 ± 1.69;  C:11.66 ± 1.63. Means with one letter (a, b) in common, were not significantly different (p > 0.05). In sera, O and OS showed lower ALA and LA and higher oleic levels, compared to C. OS presented high levels of EPA and DHA. In thymus, O and OS groups showed lower levels of ALA and LA than C. DHA only increased in the OS group. No changes were presented in the brain. Conclusions The results suggest that olive oil exacerbated omega-9 family with diminution of essential fatty acids while organism tries to sustain brain essential fatty acids. Fish oil supplementation increased serum and thymus DHA levels, not modifying low levels of other essential fatty acids. Another source of supplementation may be convenient to analyze. Funding Sources Supported by University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

scholarly journals Fish consumption among young overweight European adults and compliance to varying seafood content in four weight loss intervention diets

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Thorsdottir ◽  
BE Birgisdottir ◽  
M Kiely ◽  
JA Martinez ◽  
NM Bandarra
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Seafood Consumption ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Overweight Adults ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractBackgroundFish is considered an important part of a healthy diet and is frequently recommended as a main course at least twice a week.ObjectiveTo study the frequency of fish consumption among young overweight European adults and their compliance to varying seafood consumption in weight loss intervention diets.DesignAfter meeting the inclusion criteria, the subject’s seafood intake was evaluated. Subjects were randomly assigned into four groups and were advised energy-restricted diets for 8 weeks, including no seafood (control), cod, salmon or fish oil. A validated FFQ was used to evaluate the consumption of seafood at baseline, midpoint and endpoint, and long-chain n-3 fatty acids in blood erythrocytes were measured.SettingIceland, Ireland and Spain.SubjectsThe sample (n 324); 20–40-year-olds with BMI = 27·5–32·5 kg/m2; 85 % participated.ResultsAt baseline, 34 % of the participants reported eating fish at least twice a week as the main course. During the intervention, six participants reported that they did not finish their fish portions, 15 % of the participants consumed small amount of fish additional to the study protocol in weeks 1–4 and 23 % in weeks 5–8 (P = 0·010). Changes in erythrocyte long-chain n-3 fatty acids confirmed good compliance, with increases in the salmon (P < 0·001) and fish oil (P < 0·001) groups, smaller increase in the cod group (P = 0·037) and decrease in the control group (P = 0·030).ConclusionFrequency of fish consumption among 66 % of young European overweight adults is lower than frequently recommended. Compliance to varying seafood consumption was good. Therefore, including more fish in the diet of this group should be encouraged.

Effect of fish-oil supplementation on levels of (n-3) poly-unsaturated fatty acids in the lipoprotein fractions of bovine plasma

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.W. Offer ◽  
B.K. Speake ◽  
J. Dixon ◽  
M. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Triglyceride Fraction ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractEight mid-lactation Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were used in an experiment to investigate whether poor transfer to milk of (n-3) long chain (≥C20) poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA), from diets containing fish oil, is related to their mode of transport in plasma lipoproteins. The cows were split into two groups of four, each of which was housed with 24 other cows which did not provide blood data in this experiment. All cows received a basal diet ad libitum consisting of (kg/t dry matter) silage (539), grain distillers’ grains (148), rolled barley (248) and soya (65). All cows also received a mid-day meal of 2·76 kg per cow per day of molassed sugar-beet shreds. The control group (C) received no oil supplement but those in the treatment group (F) received 300 g per cow per day of fish oil absorbed onto the sugar-beet shreds. Fish oil inclusion progressively depressed milk fat concentration of the four cows from each group over the 3 weeks of the experiment so that levels were approximately 20 g/kg lower for cows in treatment F than for those in C (P < 0·05). Mean concentrations over all cows of the long-chain (≥C20, n-3) poly-unsaturated fatty acids in milk fat (g/100 g) were 0·12 and 0·54 for treatments C and F respectively, whilst corresponding output in milk (g/day) increased from 116 to 3·91, an average efficiency of transfer of 4·6%. The fatty acid compositions of the lipoproteins were measured in plasma samples from the four cows from each group after 3 weeks on the experimental diets The proportions (g/100 g fatty acids) of C20: 5 (n-3) in cholesteryl (CE) and phospholipid (PL) of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the plasma were respectively increased from 0·97 to 4·39 (P < 0·05) and from 1·15 to 4·74 (P < 0·01) by the fish-oil supplementation. For C22: 6 (n-3), the proportions in CE and PL of HDL respectively increased (P < 0·001) from 0·02 to 0·23 and from 0·16 to 2·18 as a result of the supplementation. The mean proportions (g/100 g fatty acids) of C20: 5 (n-3) and C22: 6 (n-3) in the triglyceride fraction of very low-density lipoprotein were 1·05 and 2·3 respectively and were not significantly altered by fish-oil supplementation (P > 0·05). It is suggested that the low transfer efficiency of (n-3) LCPUFA to the milk is partly due to their transport in the plasma largely as components of HDL lipids which are unavailable to the mammary gland.

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