scholarly journals Effects of dietary fish oil on the composition and stability of turkey depot fat

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Neudoerffer ◽  
C. H. Lea
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Anchovy Oil ◽  
Nutritional Effects

1. Beef fat (2.5%) and anchovy oil (2.5%; 2.5% plus 0.02% ethoxyquin; 5%) were incorporated into isocaloric cereal-based diets A, B, C and D and given to turkeys from 2 to 10 weeks of age. Diets A, B, and C contained 13 and diet D 26 i.u. α-tocopheryl acetate/kg. The lipids of diets B and D, which contained fish oil without ethoxyquin, autoxidized in the feeding troughs, but not seriously in the brief period of exposure permitted. 2. The birds all remained healthy and grew well, the only nutritional effects of the fish oil being a depressed storage of vitamin A in the liver at both levels of feeding (prevented by ethoxyquin) and a slightly adverse effect, at the higher level only, on food conversion ratio. 3. The skin fats of the birds given fish oil contained seven major and two minor fatty acids, derived from the fish oil, which were not present in the skin of the control group given beef fat, as well as one major fish oil acid present in much greater concentration in the birds given fish oil than in the controls. All these acids were present in the skin fats at about half or two-thirds of their concentrations in the dietary lipid, except for acid 22:5, which reached two or three times this level. 4. The stabilities towards autoxidation of the skin fats decreased in the order A > C > B > D, as their content of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased, but the greater stability of group C as compared with B was probably due, in the main, to the higher tocopherol content of the skin fat of the birds on the ethoxyquin-containing diet. Fishy flavours which developed on cooking showed a similar relationship to diet.

Dietary fish oil prevents reperfusion Ins(1,4,5)P3 release in rat heart: possible antiarrhythmic mechanism

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (4) ◽  
pp. H1483-H1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Anderson ◽  
X. J. Du ◽  
A. J. Sinclair ◽  
E. A. Woodcock ◽  
A. M. Dart
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Postischemic Reperfusion ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

Dietary enrichment with fish oil-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been shown to suppress the arrhythmias that occur during postischemic reperfusion. We have recently implicated a rapid release of D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3] during postischemic reperfusion in the generation of these arrhythmias. The effects of dietary supplementation with fish oil on both cardiac Ins(1,4,5)P3 and arrhythmogenic responses to reperfusion were therefore investigated in perfused rat hearts. Comparisons were made with control and n-6 polyunsaturated or saturated fat-supplemented diets. In control hearts, reperfusion increased Ins(1,4,5)P3 levels [from 9 +/- 2 at 20 min ischemia to 26 +/- 3 counts per minute (cpm)/mg protein with 2 min of reperfusion] and produced a high incidence of ventricular tachycardia (92% VT) and ventricular fibrillation (85% VF). Dietary fish oil supplementation, which increased composition of n-3 fatty acids in myocardial membrane phospholipids, prevented the reperfusion-induced rise in Ins(1,4,5)P3 (11 +/- 1 at 20 min ischemia and 12 +/- 2 cpm/mg protein after 2-min reperfusion) and significantly suppressed reperfusion arrhythmias (38% VT, 13% VF; P < 0.01 vs. control group). Thus the inhibition of reperfusion-induced rises in Ins(1,4,5)P3 by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids after dietary fish oil supplementation provides a possible mechanism for the inhibitory effect of n-3 fatty acids on reperfusion-induced arrhythmias.

scholarly journals n-3 LC-PUFA Enrichment Protocol for Red Earthworm, Eisenia fetida: A Cheap and Sustainable Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (07) ◽  
pp. 333-346
Author(s):  
Metin Kumlu ◽  
Asuman Beksari ◽  
Hatice Asuman Yilmaz ◽  
Merve Sariipek ◽  
Enes Kinay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Dose Time ◽  
Anchovy Oil ◽  
Enrichment Protocol ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Enrichment Efficiency

This study assessed the potential of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) enrichment in red earthworm (Eisenia fetida, REW), via the addition of fish oil (FO, anchovy oil) to the culture-compost. FO addition to compost was tested at graded inclusion doses (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 g/100 g compost) and for different timeperiods, up to 96h. Dose, time, as well as dose and time interactions of FO compost enrichment had significant effects on all fatty acids of earthworm bodies. The enrichment with 10 g FO/100 g compost sharply increased DHA levels of the worms (14.01 mol%) within just 24 h, compared to the control group (0.92 mol%). Similar increases (ranging between 10.99 and 15.55 mol%) occurred only after 48 and 96 h in lower FO enrichment levels (2.5 and 5.0 g/100 g compost, respectively). Therefore, it was concluded that, to obtain maximum n-3 LC-PUFA enrichment efficiency in REW, an enrichment period of 24 h is ideal and recommended for the 10 g FO/ 100 g compost, whereas longer enrichment periods (48-96 h) are more suitable for lower levels of FO inclusions (2.5 or 5 g/100 g compost).

scholarly journals Influence of Dietary Fish Oil on Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Other Fatty Acids in Milk Fat from Lactating Dairy Cows

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 2620-2628 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Donovan ◽  
D.J. Schingoethe ◽  
R.J. Baer ◽  
J. Ryali ◽  
A.R. Hippen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Dietary Fish

Effect of dietary fish oil on biohydrogenation of fatty acids and milk fatty acid content in cows

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Shingfield ◽  
S. Ahvenjärvi ◽  
V. Toivonen ◽  
A. Ärölä ◽  
K. V. V. Nurmela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
In Trans ◽  
Second Period

AbstractMechanisms underlying milk fat conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) responses to supplements of fish oil were investigated using five lactating cows each fitted with a rumen cannula in a simple experiment consisting of two consecutive 14-day experimental periods. During the first period cows were offered 18 kg dry matter (DM) per day of a basal (B) diet formulated from grass silage and a cereal based-concentrate (0·6 : 0·4; forage : concentrate ratio, on a DM basis) followed by the same diet supplemented with 250 g fish oil per day (FO) in the second period. The flow of non-esterified fatty acids leaving the rumen was measured using the omasal sampling technique in combination with a triple indigestible marker method based on Li-Co-EDTA, Yb-acetate and Cr-mordanted straw. Fish oil decreased DM intake and milk yield, but had no effect on milk constituent content. Milk fat trans-11 C18:1, total trans-C18 : 1, cis-9 trans-11 CLA, total CLA, C18 : 2(n-6) and total C18 : 2content were increased in response to fish oil from 1·80, 4·51, 0·39, 0·56, 0·90 and 1·41 to 9·39, 14·39, 1·66, 1·85, 1·25 and 4·00 g/100 g total fatty acids, respectively. Increases in the cis-9, trans-11 isomer accounted for proportionately 0·89 of the CLA response to fish oil. Furthermore, fish oil decreased the flow of C18 : 0(283 and 47 g/day for B and FO, respectively) and increased that of trans-C18 : 1fatty acids entering the omasal canal (38 and 182 g/day). Omasal flows of trans-C18 : 1acids with double bonds in positions from delta-4 to -15 inclusive were enhanced, but the effects were isomer dependent and primarily associated with an increase in trans-11 C18 : 1 leaving the rumen (17·1 and 121·1 g/day for B and FO, respectively). Fish oil had no effect on total (4·36 and 3·50 g/day) or cis-9, trans-11 CLA (2·86 and 2·08 g/day) entering the omasal canal. Flows of cis-9, trans-11 CLA were lower than the secretion of this isomer in milk. Comparison with the transfer of the trans-9, trans-11 isomer synthesized in the rumen suggested that proportionately 0·66 and 0·97 of cis-9, trans-11 CLA was derived from endogenous conversion of trans-11 C18 : 1in the mammary gland for B and FO, respectively. It is concluded that fish oil enhances milk fat cis-9, trans-11 CLA content in response to increased supply of trans-11 C18:1that arises from an inhibition of trans-C18 : 1reduction in the rumen.

Abstract 19144: Fish Oil and Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors: a Novel Strategy to Manage Obesity-linked Dyslipidemia

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viswanathan Saraswathi ◽  
Curtis Perriotte-Olson ◽  
Robert D Heineman ◽  
Cyrus V Desouza
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Endothelial Activation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cox Inhibitor ◽  
High Doses

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a prevalent condition in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Although fish oil rich in omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3) is a widely used hypolipidemic agent, it is often required at high doses. At high doses, these fatty acids can induce oxidative stress or endothelial activation and therefore, strategies to improve their beneficial effects are needed. We previously reported that fish oil in combination with cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors exerts enhanced hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory effects in low density lipoprotein receptor knock-out mice. Here, we sought to determine the effects of ω-3 fatty acids in combination with naproxen (NX), a COX inhibitor, on dyslipidemia and gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (scAT) in humans. Methods: Obese dyslipidemic patients were randomly assigned to receive one of these interventions (n=8/group) for 12 wk: 1) Standard nutrition counseling (control), 2) ω-3 (2 g twice daily), 3) NX (220 mg twice daily), and 4) ω-3 (2 g twice daily) + NX (220 mg twice daily). Results: The body mass index, HOMA-IR, and plasma total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol levels were not altered significantly in any of the groups. The percent change in plasma triglycerides (TG) from baseline was 75% ( P <0.1) and 68% ( P <0.05) in ω-3 and ω3 + NX-treated subjects, respectively. Notably, 25% of subjects who received ω-3s alone did not show a reduction in TG whereas all the patients that received ω-3 + NX showed a reduction in TG. Realtime PCR analysis of scAT showed that the expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4), a marker of glucose uptake and a key regulator of glucose homeostasis was significantly reduced in ω-3 compared to control group ( P <0.01). However, combining NX with ω-3 abolished this effect. Moreover, the expression of MCP-1 and VCAM-1, markers of inflammatory response or endothelial activation, was significantly increased in ω-3 but not in ω-3 + NX group. The plasma levels of MCP-1 and E-selectin did not vary significantly in any of the groups. Conclusions: Our data reveal previously unrecognized effects of fish oil in scAT. Our data suggest that combining NX with ω-3 fatty acids will increase their effectiveness in reducing plasma TG and improve the benefits of ω-3 supplements by favorably altering gene expression in scAT.

Effect of dietary fish oil on milk yield, fatty acids content and serum metabolic profile in dairy cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kupczyński ◽  
M. Szołtysik ◽  
W. Janeczek ◽  
J. Chrzanowska ◽  
S. Kinal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Dietary Fish

scholarly journals The effect of dietary lipid sources on layer fertility and hatchability

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
OS Olubowale ◽  
FH De Witt ◽  
JPC Greyling ◽  
A Hugo ◽  
AM Jooste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Lipid Source

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary fatty acids (FA) on the fertility and hatchability of laying hens at the end-of-lay period (69 - 77 weeks of age). Five isoenergetic (12.4 MJ ME/kg DM) and isonitrogenous (170 g CP/kg DM) diets were formulated using different lipid sources (30 g/kg inclusion) to manipulate the dietary FA profile. The control diet was formulated using a 50 : 50 blend of linseed and fish oil, while fish oil was used in the polyunsaturated n-3 treatment. Sunflower oil was used in the polyunsaturated n-6 treatment, while in the mono-unsaturated n-9 diet high oleic acid (HO) sunflower oil was used. Lastly, tallow was used as a lipid source in the saturated FA diet. One hundred and twenty five hens (n = 25/treatment) and 50 cockerels (n = 10/treatment) of the Hy-Line Silver-Brown genotype were randomly allocated to the five dietary treatments at 20 weeks of age. From 69 weeks of age, hens were inseminated with 0.06 mL undiluted semen from cockerels within the same dietary treatment. Between 71 and 78 weeks of age (49 days) a total of 588 eggs-per-treatment were collected, individually marked (date and hen number) and incubated in a single-stage still-air incubator. Eggs were candled on D7 and D14 to determine embryonic mortalities and a 24 h window for hatching was allowed (D21 + 24 h). Although the fish oil treatment resulted in the lowest egg weights (59.3 g) and fertility (84.6%), it recorded the highest hatchability (76%). In contrast, the sunflower oil treatment recorded the lowest hatchability (58.2%) of all treatments, despite its high egg fertility (89.6%). Results of the study suggest that the dietary fatty acid content, in particular the n-3 and n-6 levels, need critical consideration in terms of concentration and ratio in the formulation of breeder diets to limit embryonic mortalities during incubation.Keywords: Chicks, embryo, mortality, mono-, polyunsaturated fatty acids

scholarly journals Dietary fish oil enhances adhesion molecule and interleukin-6 expression in mice with polymicrobial sepsis

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 854-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Sen Hsu ◽  
Wan-Chun Chiu ◽  
Chiu-Li Yeh ◽  
Yu-Chen Hou ◽  
Szu-Yuan Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Polymicrobial Sepsis ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Dietary Fish

This study investigated the effects of fish oil (FO) diet on plasma intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) levels and leucocyte integrin expression in polymicrobial sepsis. Mice were randomly assigned to a control group and an FO group. The control group was fed a medium-fat diet containing soyabean oil, whereas in the FO group, 70 % of the soyabean oil was replaced by FO for 3 weeks. After that, sepsis was induced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in the experimental groups and mice were killed at 0, 6, 12 and 24 h, respectively, after CLP. Results showed that compared with the control group, plasma ICAM-1 levels were higher in the FO group 6 h after CLP. Intra-lymphocyte interferon-γ expression in the FO group was lower, whereas IL-4 expression was higher than in the control group 12 and 24 h after CLP. The expression of leucocyte integrin was significantly higher in the FO group 12 and 24 h after CLP. The FO group had higher IL-6 levels at 12 h in the lungs, at 6 and 12 h in the kidneys, and at 6, 12 and 24 h in the intestines after CLP. The survival rate did not differ between the two groups after CLP. The present findings suggest that pretreatment with an FO diet enhances adhesion molecule and inflammatory cytokine expressions during sepsis, which might aggravate the inflammatory reaction and increase neutrophil infiltration into tissues. In addition, FO diet promotes the Th2-type response and suppresses cellular immune response in polymicrobial sepsis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document